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J H Gallo

Publications and source records attributed to J H Gallo.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Adult T-biphenotypic acute leukaemia: clinical and biological features and outcome.

Biphenotypic acute leukaemia with T-lymphoid and myeloid markers is rare and poorly documented. In the Leucemie Aigue Lymphoblastique de l'Adulte (LALA) prospective trial (LALA 94) of treatment for adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), seven patients (0.86%) had T-biphenotypic forms. The clinical and biological characteristics and outcome of these seven patients are reported here. The patients' median age was 35 years. At diagnosis, all had a tumoural syndrome and five had a mediastinal mass. In all the cases, leukaemic cells expressed myeloid and lymphoid markers. Two patients (28%) entered complete remission (CR) after induction chemotherapy. Four of the five remaining and assessable patients entered CR after designed salvage chemotherapy with mitoxantrone and high-dose cytosine arabinoside. Three patients are currently in CR. Three patients died, from treatment toxicity in two cases and progressive disease in one case. One patient relapsed 6 months after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and is still alive. Thus, biphenotypic T-acute leukaemia is clinically frequently associated with mediastinal involvement and the response to conventional chemotherapy used in ALL is poor. However, sustained CR can be achieved by salvage chemotherapy combining an intercalating agent with high-dose cytosine arabinoside, as used in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1999

Comparison of metaphase and interphase FISH monitoring of minimal residual disease with MLL gene probe: case study of AML with t(9;11).

The place of FISH in the monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD) is yet to be fully characterised. Routine bone marrow cytogenetics at diagnosis in a 22 year old patient with acute myeloid leukemia FAB type M5 detected a translocation t(9;11)(p22;q23). We report our investigations to assess residual levels of translocation using a FISH probe designed to detect a gene split by the translocation. We used MLL (Oncor), a probe which spans the MLL gene at 11q23, in both metaphase and interphase preparations. At diagnosis, metaphase FISH showed 3 distinct cell lines-normal with 2 signals, abnormal with 3 signals and abnormal with 2 signals, while interphase FISH showed only 2 cell lines, one with 2 signals (which could be normal or abnormal) and one with 3 signals (split MLL). Following treatment, with the patient in clinical remission, 7 further cytogenetic analyses and 2 further FISH analyses were compared. Our results suggest that monitoring of the t(9;11) by metaphase FISH is feasible and straightforward compared to cytogenetics but interphase FISH may be problematic.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Response of refractory anemia to low-dose cytosine arabinoside.

Two elderly patients with transfusion-dependent refractory anemia due to myelodysplastic syndromes were treated with a course of low-dose subcutaneous cytosine arabinoside in an attempt to reduce their transfusion requirements. Following treatment, they required no transfusions for over six months. The treatment was well tolerated, but was associated with initial myelosuppression.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Synchronization of human leukemic cells: relevance for high-resolution chromosome banding.

The cell-cycle kinetics of synchronized K562 human leukemic cells and bone marrow cells from adults with acute leukemia were studied in order to develop more reliable methods for producing increased numbers of mitoses, particularly those with elongated chromosomes suitable for high-resolution banding. Parameters examined included DNA content, mitotic index (MI), and chromosome preparations. K562 cells synchronized with methotrexate (MTX), thymidine (Tdr), or hydroxyurea (HU) showed two-fold increases in peak MI. Optimal harvesting times after release from block were approximately 10.5, 12.5, and 14.5 h for MTX, HU, and Tdr, respectively. MTX was selected for studies with cells from patients. Cells from 7 of the 10 patients studied showed 4.4-fold increases in peak MI. The optimal harvesting time was 9.5 to 11.5 h after release from block, considerably later than the 6 h time previously assumed in studies using stimulated lymphocytes. Cells from the three remaining patients showed no increase in MI after synchronization; and the lack of response may have been related to the high proportion of cells in G0+G1 prior to MTX exposure. For both the K562 cell line and most patient specimens, the combination of synchronization with appropriate release times and short Colcemid exposure (10 min) resulted in substantially improved chromosome preparations.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Centromere spreading in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.

Centromere spreading (CS) was observed in bone marrow chromosomes from a patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), prior to therapy. The abnormality was found in a direct specimen, in a 24-hr culture, and in a culture treated with the methotrexate synchronization technique. A small hypodiploid clone, 45,XY,-19, was also observed. This case provides further evidence that CS can occur in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). The possible relationship between CS and hypodiploidy in this and other reported cases of ANLL is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Disseminated atypical mycobacterial infection in hairy cell leukemia.

The clinical features are described of disseminated atypical mycobacterial infection of the subcutaneous tissues occurring in a patient 3 yr after the diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia. Skin biopsy identified the causative organism as an atypical mycobacterium of the M. avium-intracellulare-scrofulaceum (MAIS) complex. In vitro studies showed that the patient had impaired mononuclear cell phagocytosis. These findings, lend support to the hypothesis of a specific defect of immunity in hairy cell leukemia.

Adult↗