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Biomedical subjects

J H Hawks

Publications and source records attributed to J H Hawks.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Empowerment in nursing education: concept analysis and application to philosophy, learning and instruction.

The Walker & Avant strategy is used to complete a concept analysis of empowerment. Empowerment is defined as the interpersonal process of providing the proper tools, resources and environment to build, develop and increase the ability and effectiveness of others to set and reach goals for individual and social ends. Empowerment occurs between two or more people: the person who empowers and the person(s) who is (are) empowered. The Murrell-Armstrong Empowerment matrix, with six categories of empowering behaviours, provides the theoretical framework. References from organizational, nursing, educational and sociological literature provide support for the defining attributes, antecedents and consequences of empowerment. A conceptual map depicts these relationships and demonstration cases serve to make the ideas more apparent. The concept of empowerment is applied to philosophy, learning and instruction. Pragmatism reflects the ideas presented on empowerment because both embrace individual and social goals, the student is active in the learning process, learning is lifelong, and the appropriate environment, tools and resources for learning must be present. Kolb's experimental learning model corresponds with empowerment and pragmatism. The works of Dewey, Lewin, Piaget, Rogers and Freire are used as the basis for the model. Kolb describes learning as a four-step process that includes concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization and active experimentation. Transformative instruction is based on Freire's critical pedagogy, Belenky et al.'s connected teaching, Schön's reflection-in-action, and activities that allow students to complete the experimental learning cycle. Several strategies that promote transformative instruction are discussed.

Decision Making↗
PubMed1991

Power: a concept analysis.

This paper follows the Walker & Avant approach to concept analysis of the concept of power. For the purposes of the paper, power was defined as the actual or potential ability or capacity to achieve objectives through an interpersonal process in which the goals and means to achieve the goals are mutually established and worked toward. The distinction between the views of power as 'power to' versus 'power over' are addressed in the literature review. King's conceptual framework was used as a guide. Defining attributes, antecedents and consequences of power, demonstration cases, and assumptions are presented. A theorem and testable hypothesis are proposed. The final product is a conceptual map which illustrates the contents of the concept analysis.

Concept Formation↗
PubMed1988

Nurse-identified problems in the management of alcoholic patients.

The purpose of this exploratory study was (1) to identify and rank the patient problems of hospitalized alcoholics that medical-surgical nurses view as difficult to manage, (2) to identify the factors that contribute to the difficulty in care, (3) to identify interventions used by nurses in an attempt to resolve patient problems and (4) to describe relationships between nurses and the identified patient problems. Subjects (N = 83) completed and returned an open-ended questionnaire by listing the physiological and psychosocial patient problems, factors and interventions. Selected demographic and biographic data were also collected. A nursing diagnosis classification described by others served as a basis and was adapted for the nursing diagnosis categories. Nominal data were analyzed using frequency distributions and percentages. The most difficult physiological problems in caring for alcoholic persons were categorized from subjects' responses using the nursing diagnoses of "potential for injury," "alterations in nutrition-elimination" and "fluid volume deficit." The nursing diagnosis categories of "ineffective individual coping," "ineffective family coping" and "noncompliance" comprised the most difficult psychosocial patient problems. A majority of subjects reported having limited classroom and clinical experience with alcoholism; 80% expressed a need for additional inservice education. It is recommended that nursing educational programs include didatic and clinical content about alcoholism, focusing on problem areas identified and on family dynamics, communication, coping strategies and time-management strategies.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing practicum: empowering strategies.

The concepts embodied by the practicum are best summarized by students themselves: "Through practicum, I have become more independent and my clinical instructor guided me to independence. I have grown in my own knowledge, skills, performance and confidence in myself." "This course was wonderful--it allows for independence in the clinical area and choice related to the area of study. It improved and developed my self-motivation." "Practicum promotes independence with guidance from faculty and preceptors when needed. The independence promotes decision-making by the student. The course pulls together a lot, if not all, the things taught in school." "I really liked writing my own learning contact and the opportunity to build confidence in my nursing practice."

Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate↗