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Biomedical subjects

J H Parsons

Publications and source records attributed to J H Parsons.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A prospective study to investigate the value of flushing follicles during transvaginal ultrasound-directed follicle aspiration.

In this study, 50 transvaginal US-directed follicle aspiration procedures were performed with follicle flushing using a double-channel needle. The origin of each oocyte was established according to whether it had been obtained in the initial part of the aspirate, in the dead space aspirate, in the first to third flushes, or in the fourth to sixth flushes. Seventeen percent of total oocytes were found in follicle flushes. Only 3.2% of total oocytes were found in the fourth to sixth flushes, and their fertilization rate was reduced. Flushing follicles with a double-channel needle may result in the recovery of 20% more oocytes than would be obtained by aspiration alone.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Laparoscopic zygote intrafallopian transfer using augmented local anesthesia.

In this study, 29 laparoscopic ZIFTs were performed in 21 patients using local anesthesia augmented with intravenous analgesia. The technique was well tolerated; significant discomfort arose only when the fallopian tubes were manipulated and was minimized by transferring zygotes to one tube only. Seven pregnancies resulted, of which three have delivered and one is ongoing.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Pregnancies after in vitro fertilization and transfer of human blastocysts.

In a study of 29 cycles of IVF, ET was performed on day 5 after oocyte recovery when embryos had developed to the morula/blastocyst stage. Three preclinical pregnancies and three live births resulted (2 singleton and 1 twin), giving a viable PR per ET of 10%. It is concluded that while day 5 ET may well be important in terms of embryo biopsy for the preimplantation diagnosis of genetic disease, day 2 ET remains preferable for therapeutic IVF. Although these data would not support the introduction of day 5 ET into routine therapeutic IVF, delayed ET should be considered as an alternative approach to preimplantation diagnosis. Indeed, because the latter will generally involve the treatment of normal, fertile couples, it might be predicted that embryo survival rates, and thus the rate of pregnancy after day 5 ET, would be better than those presented here.

Embryo Transfer↗
PubMed1989

Development of spare human preimplantation embryos in vitro: an analysis of the correlations among gross morphology, cleavage rates, and development to the blastocyst.

Following in vitro fertilization, the criteria commonly used to select human embryos for transfer are the cleavage rate and gross morphology, the contention being that those embryos which divide more rapidly and have regular, spherical blastomeres are more likely to lead to a pregnancy. In order to assess the validity of this assumption, the development in vitro of spare embryos was investigated. Eggs and embryos were cultured in Earle's balanced salt solution containing 10% heat-inactivated patient's serum, and insemination was performed at 40 hr post human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). At 82-90 hr post hCG, up to four embryos were transferred. Any spare embryos were cultured in the same medium for up to 6 days and scored daily for cell number and morphology using a "quality" scale of 4-1 according to degree of fragmentation and shape of the blastomeres. Of 317 fertilized eggs, 55 (17%) developed to the fully expanded blastocyst stage. The remaining embryos ceased development at the one-cell (6; 2%), two-cell (49; 15%), four-cell (110; 35%), eight-cell (61; 19%), and cavitating morula (36; 11%) stages. The relationship between developmental arrest and gross morphology is discussed.

Blastocyst↗
PubMed1989

Gamete intra-fallopian transfer combined with diagnostic laparoscopy: a treatment for infertility in a district hospital.

Gamete intra-Fallopian transfer (GIFT) was combined with a diagnostic laparoscopy on a routine operating list in a district general hospital. The equipment used was entirely portable. Operations were programmed 6-12 weeks in advance using a fixed ovarian stimulation regimen. Of 47 patients treated, 38 (81%) responded appropriately to stimulation. Of these, 23 had partners with normal semen parameters and 5 of 21 (24%) who had GIFT conceived. Two others were found to have tubal damage. Their eggs were transported to an in-vitro fertilization unit at another hospital. Both conceived after embryo transfer. In 15 couples, the semen was found to be sub-optimal and none of these became pregnant. GIFT can be performed in a district hospital, on a fixed schedule in conjunction with a diagnostic laparoscopy. The technique appears unsuitable for patients with suboptimal semen and the backing of an in-vitro fertilization unit increases pregnancy rates.

Clomiphene↗
PubMed1987

Pregnancies following in vitro fertilization and ultrasound-directed surgical embryo transfer by perurethral and transvaginal techniques.

Ultrasound-directed surgical ET is useful in patients with a history of difficult cervical (nonsurgical) transfer, and was performed without complications in the small group reported here. The technique is straightforward, and requires no greater expertise than that necessary for ultrasound-guided oocyte collection. However, further studies are necessary to assess its role in the routine transfer of embryos following IVF.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Clinical evaluation of the heterologous oocyte penetration (HOP) test.

The heterologous oocyte penetration (HOP) test, using zona-free hamster oocytes, was used to assess the fertilising capacity of human spermatozoa. There was good correlation between the ability of ejaculated spermatozoa to penetrate the zona-free hamster oocytes and intact human oocytes. Using epididymal spermatozoa, the HOP test results showed that the ability to penetrate oocytes was acquired during their passage through the epididymis. Applied clinically, the HOP test enables a group of infertile men to be identified with a functional defect of their spermatozoa; these men may not be identified at routine seminal fluid analysis. Men with two negative HOP test results were confirmed as being infertile since their wives, if normal, conceived rapidly when donor spermatozoa were artificially inseminated.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Maturity of fetal lungs tested by production of stable microbubbles in amniotic fluid.

Lung surfactant in amniotic fluid, and hence the maturity of the fetal lungs, can be assessed by observation of stable microbubbles (less than 15 micron diameter). Bubbles are formed by agitation with a Pasteur pipette and examined in hanging drops under the 10 x power of a microscope. Either after a count of bubbles, or after a general survey of hanging drops, the fluid is given a stable microbubble rating. A 'strong' rating indicates that the idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome will not occur after delivery, and that the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio will indicate maturity. Complete absence of stable microbubbles suggests a high risk of respiratory trouble for the newborn infant, as does a weak or lower rating in the 30 to 37 week gestational age group. The test takes 5 to 10 minutes to perform, is cheap and easy, is not affected by blood, but may be affected by meconium. If a 'strong' rating is found, measurement of the L/S ratio can safely be omitted.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of the heterologous ovum penetration test to predict the fertilising capacity of human spermatozoa.

The ability of human spermatozoa to penetrate zona-free hamster ova in a heterologous ovum penetration (HOP) test was compared with the fertilisation of human oocytes in 54 normospermic couples. Concordant results were seen in 45/54 (83%) cases. However, false-positive HOP test results occurred in 5/45 (11%) couples and false-negative results in 4/9 (44%) couples. The data suggest that a positive HOP test result is a good indication that fertilisation will occur, although a negative HOP test result does not necessarily mean that fertilisation will not take place.

Animals↗