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Biomedical subjects

J H Yan

Publications and source records attributed to J H Yan.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of circulating antisperm antibodies and seminal immunosuppressive material in repeatedly aborting couples].

Circulating antisperm antibodies (ASA) and immunosuppressive material in seminal plasma (SPIM) were determined by solid-phase enzyme staining method and anticomplement test respectively in 686 patients with abortion, including 285 couples. 241 fertile couples served as control. It revealed that the positive rate of ASA in repeatedly aborting patients was significantly higher than that in fertile controls (P less than 0.001). ASA was also more frequently detected in repeatedly aborting patients than in those having 1-2 abortion. Male partners whose wives aborted 2-6 times had significantly less SPIM than the controls with sperm count and sperm motility also markedly decreased. Meanwhile, the incidence of pyosemia was remarkably higher than that in the controls. It is suggested that ASA and SPIM play an important role in the development of recurrent abortions.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1990

[The retinal visual acuity of amblyopia].

The authors studied the relationship between the retinal visual acuity (grating acuity) and recognition acuity (E acuity) in 94 normal eyes and 169 amblyopic eyes with the results that the RVA in 84% of the normal eyes was the same as E acuity, while in 66% of the amblyopic eyes, especially the strabismic category, RVA was better than E acuity. RVA was not affected by the orientation (0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, or 135 degrees) of the grating or the size of the light field (1.5 degrees or 3.5 degrees). Factors which could contribute to the difference between the RVA and the E acuity and the difference between strabismic and refractive amblyopia were discussed. It was put forward that grating acuity was reliable in the diagnosis of amblyopia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

In situ benign growth after radical radiation therapy of head and neck cancers--report of eight patients.

Eight patients who developed benign growth at the primary site after radical radiotherapy of head and neck cancers (two laryngeal cancers, six nasopharyngeal carcinoma, NPC) are reported. Most of the lesions appeared as spheral or nodular growth with few symptoms. All were properly diagnosed and treated, but two of them had been wrongly diagnosed and treated as local malignant recurrence. The authors point out that repeated biopsies, before treatment, are very important for differentiating a malignant recurrence from a benign growth. Conservative treatment can cure these lesions.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Chinese herb "destagnation" series I: Combination of radiation with destagnation in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC): a prospective randomized trial on 188 cases.

The results of a prospective randomized trial on 188 patients with NPC is reported to evaluate the validity of Chinese herbal medicine-Destagnation combined with radiotherapy. Ninety patients were allotted to the Destagnation group (radiation plus Destagnation) and 98, to the control group (radiation only). The 5-year success rate (number surviving minus number recurred but salvaged by re-treatment) of the Destagnation group is 53% (48/90) in comparison to 37% (36/98) of the control group (p less than 0.05). Minor complications of Destagnation included occasional anorexia and frequency of bowel movement. The reduced rate of local recurrence at the primary site in the Destagnation group (14%-13/90) as compared to that of the control group (29%-28/98) (p less than 0.05) suggests that Destagnation may be a radiosensitizer. The similar metastatic rates in both groups; 21% (19/90) in the Destagnation group and 21% (21/98) in the control group may refute the belief that Destagnation enhances hematogenous spread.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Management of local residual primary lesion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC): are higher doses beneficial?

One hundred and eighty-two nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, treated from March 1958 through 1978, received 70 Gy or more and were left with gross residual lesion in the nasopharynx, were retrospectively analyzed. Ninety-two patients were given a boost by reduced portals to a total of 90-120 Gy (boost group) whereas for the other non-randomized 90 patients, the treatment was stopped at 70 Gy (observation group). The local recurrence, distant metastasis and 5-year survival rates of the two groups are: 35% (32/92) vs. 58% (52/90), 20% (18/92) vs. 43% (39/90), and 54% (50/92) vs. 21% (19/90), respectively. The benefit of boost is more apparent in patients with T1-2 than T3-4 lesions (p less than 0.001), at increased risk of radiation encephalo-myelitis from 5.5% to 17%. The authors believe that boost be given to patients with early Stage T or small residual lesion at the primary site of NPC.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Analysis of 1379 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated by radiation.

One thousand three hundred seventy-nine nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients were treated from March 1958 to December 1978. Twenty-two percent had stage I or II and 78% Stage III or IV had lesions. Two hundred twenty-Kv radiographs were used before 1960; and telecobalt was used from 1961 to 1978. Factors influencing the 5-year survival rate favorably are youth of patient, being female, pathologic condition (poorly differentiated carcinoma, 45.1% versus adenocarcinoma, 13%), stage (Stage I, 86%, Stage II, 59.5%; Stage III, 45.8%; Stage IV, 29.2%), decade admitted for treatment in the past (31% in the 1950s, 48.6% in the 1970s), total dose delivered to the nasopharynx (40 to 49 Gy, 46%; 70 to 79 Gy, 54.1%; 90 Gy or more, 64%) and prophylactic radiation to the neck regions (with prophylactic irradiation, 53.8%, without prophylactic irradiation, 23%). This implies that prophylactic radiation of the neck is crucial even without positive clinical metastasis. For those who have a residual tumor in the primary site when 70 Gy has been delivered, the total dose may be boosted to more than 90 Gy with the cone-down technique or on basis of adding 20 Gy to the dose at which the primary lesion disappeared grossly. The common postirradiation complications are: radiation myelitis, trismus, and otitis media. Because disease recurred in some patients after the fifth year, NPC patients should be followed for at least 10 years.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma--analysis of 1379 patients].

This paper presents 1379 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated in our hospital from March 1958 to December 1978. The stage I and II lesions comprised 22% and stage III and IV lesions, 78%. 220 KV X-ray was used before 1960 and 60Co was predominant from 1961 through 1978. The overall 5 year survival rate was 41.4% (571/1379). Young adults and female patients gave better results. The 5 year survival rate was, according to pathological type, 45.1% for poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and 13% for adenocarcinoma; according to clinical stage, 85.7% for stage I lesion, 59.5% for stage II, 45.8% and 29.2% for stages III and IV; according to period of treatment, 31.3% in the sixties and 48.6% in the seventies; according to tumor dose at the primary focus, 48.2% for 40-49 Gy, 55.6% for 60-69 Gy and 67.3% for 90 Gy or more; according to with or without prophylactic radiation in the neck region, 53.8% for the former and 23% for the latter. It implies that prophylactic radiation of the neck is necessary regardless of the presence of cervical lymph node metastasis or not. For those who had residual tumor at 70 Gy, the total dose may be boosted to more than 90 Gy with the cone down technic or the dose, at which the primary lesion disappears grossly, is added with 20 Gy. The common complications are radiation myelitis, trismus and otitis media. As in certain patients, the lesion would still recur 5 years after radiotherapy, the authors believe that the nasopharyngeal cancer patients should be followed for ten years at least.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Prevalence and genetic aspects of deaf mutism in Shanghai.

Two hundred and eighty-five cases of congenital deaf mutism were ascertained in a population of 483,611 in Zhabei District in Shanghai. The prevalence was 0.059% (1:1697). Inherited cases accounted for 84.83% of all cases. The mode of inheritance was autosomal recessive with complete penetrance and heterogeneity (consisting of at least five different loci). The fitness was 77.63%, the coefficient of selection was 0.2237, the mutation rate was 1.119 x 10(-4) mutation/gamete, and no heterozygote advantage was proven.

China↗
PubMed1984

Disappearance of local tumor of esophageal carcinoma after irradiation.

The range of doses which may lead to disappearance of local tumor after radiation treatment of esophageal carcinoma is extensive. Its possibility may reach 33% if the dose exceeds 5000 rad. However, the sensitivity of this cancer varies greatly in different patients. In clinical practice, the total dose should be decided according to the response of the tumor. Disappearance of local tumor signified better prognosis than otherwise. Radiation ulcer can be easily mistaken as local recurrence. Based upon clinical symptoms and X ray film, the possibility of misdiagnosing ulceration as local recurrence after radiotherapy of more than 6000 rad was as high as 29% (12/42) in our experience. The pathogenesis and management of radiation ulcer in the esophagus are discussed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1984

Pregnancy and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a prognostic evaluation of 27 patients.

In order to study the influence of pregnancy on the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), we have retrospectively studied 27 patients who either were discovered to be pregnant during radiotherapy (9 patients, herein abbreviated as concurrent group) or became pregnant after treatment (18 patients, herein abbreviated as subsequent group). This material was collected from the 811 NPC patients treated in our hospital from March 1958 to 1972. The results obtained are presented as follows: Concurrent pregnancy had a disastrous effect on the prognosis of NPC patients giving a five year survival of only 11% (1/9). Of the eight patients who died, six did so within one year of the treatment, five of whom died of distant metastases. This fatal outcome was not altered by any measure we instituted. This adverse influence was not observed in the subsequent group, yet the time of gestation seemed to be relevant to the prognosis. Two of the three patients who became pregnant within one year of the treatment died of disease, those who became pregnant beyond the second year after irradiation had the best prognosis. All seven patients who became pregnant after the second year of treatment survived. The frequency of pregnancy did not influence the prognosis of patients if the conception occurred beyond the second year in the subsequent group. All the five patients who gave birth to two, three or even four children survived for more than five years without any evidence of tumor. A total of 21 children were born to the patients of these two groups. They have been followed regularly for 10 to 20 years. No deformity, or retardation in growth or mentality was discovered, nor was there any evidence of radiation tumor or leukemia observed.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Lymph node metastases in the neck from an unknown primary. Report on 113 patients.

A series of 113 patients with cervical lymph node metastases from an unknown primary tumour is reported. The 5-year survival was 5 per cent after chemotherapy and 37 per cent after irradiation. The factors relevant to the prognosis after irradiation were the location of the mass and the total dose given. The prognosis was better if the mass was located in the neck than in the supraclavicular fossa. It is recommended that most patients with metastases in the upper or middle part of the neck from an unknown primary be radically irradiated with extended fields including nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and the opposite upper part of the neck in addition to the side with metastases. The tumour dose should preferably be higher than 50 Gy. With this policy it was possible to obtain a 5-year survival in about 50 per cent in a series of Chinese patients, which is quite comparable with the result of surgery. In the series reported, the primary lesions were detected during follow-up in only 6 per cent of the cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Radiation therapy of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Report on 219 patients.

Recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), if left untreated, has a 5-year survival of less than one per cent. In contrast, the overall 5-year survival in a treated series of patients was 18 per cent. Excluding those with distant metastases at the beginning of the retreatment, the 5-year survival was 23 per cent. If the recurrence was limited to the neck, a 5-year survival of 34 per cent was obtained and if it was confined to the nasopharynx the 5-year survival was 25 per cent. High doses (about 60 Gy), using multiple narrow beams, carefully directed, were required. For recurrences in the neck, lymph node dissection supplemented by a lower radiation dose should be considered. Surgery was sometimes the only possible method for cure, when recurrence occurred in the neck nodes. Recurrences in the neck, especially when repeatedly appearing, most often were combined with a local recurrence in the nasopharynx.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of pre- and postoperative radiation in the combined treatment of carcinoma of maxillary sinus.

A series of 50 patients with cancer of the maxillary sinus treated by either preoperative or postoperative radiation from February, 1958 to June, 1974 is presented. In the postoperative group the patients were either free from recurrence, of if there was recurrence, the tumor was less than 0.5 cm in diameter. In the preoperative group, 23 of 36 patients survived for more than five years (64%). In the postoperative group, 4 of 14 patients survived for more than five years (26%). There is an obvious superiority in the preoperative radiation group. The surgical complication rate in the preoperative group was 29% as compared to 14% in the postoperative group. Although the incidence of complications in the preoperative group is higher, we believe it is worth attempting in clinical practice because of the more favourable survival rates.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Value of postoperative radiotherapy for thyroid cancer.

A series of 405 patients with thyroid cancer treated by surgery with or without postoperative radiotherapy from February 1958 through 1979 is reported. The immediate evaluation of the operation was that it was either incomplete or complete. Incomplete surgery implied that there was (1) possible residual tumor in the operative field, the result of difficult dissection of the tumor off the neighboring organs or tissues, as assessed by the surgeon; (2) multiple (more than five) lymph nodes involved; (3) positive border of the removed lesions; or (4) microscopic evidence of tumor in the operative field. Complete surgery implied through extirpation of cancer grossly and microscopically. In 297 patients who had complete surgery, 238 patients treated by surgery alone had a 5-year survival rate of 92% (218/238), while 59 patients who received postoperative radiotherapy had a 5-year survival rate of 78% (46/59). The optimum dose of postoperative radiotherapy was 50-70 Gy in 5 to 8 weeks, with the spinal dose kept under 40 Gy. Our experience shows that postoperative radiotherapy did not improve the survival of patients who had had complete surgery. Yet, in 108 patients who had incomplete surgery, surgery alone yielded a 5-year survival rate of 33% (19/57), while surgery plus radiotherapy yielded a 5-year survival of 71% (36/51). Our observation shows a remarkable benefit with postoperative radiotherapy in patients who have had incomplete surgery (P less than 0.05). According to pathologic criteria, postoperative radiotherapy was more effective in well-differentiated cancers than in poorly differentiated ones. It was equally effective in untreated as well as recurrent lesions. The prognosis for younger patients was better, but the sex of the patients did not affect prognosis.

Adolescent↗