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Biomedical subjects

J Haddock

Publications and source records attributed to J Haddock.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

The HRCT appearances of granulomatous pulmonary disease in common variable immune deficiency.

Approximately 10% of patients with common variable immune deficiency have systemic granulomatous disease with associated interstitial lung disease. From a population of patients with CVID attending a large tertiary referral clinic for primary immunodeficiency diseases we selected a cohort who had a restrictive defect or impaired gas transfer on pulmonary function testing and/or histologically proven granulomatous disease. HRCT scans of the thorax were reviewed retrospectively in 18 patients by two radiologists. Thirteen patients had diffuse reticulation, which varied from fine to coarse with features of fibrosis. Nodules were found in eight patients. In seven, these were associated with reticulation and in one they were an isolated finding. Bronchiectasis was found as the only abnormality in three and in addition to diffuse reticulation or nodules in another three patients. Greater appreciation of the spectrum of the radiological abnormalities in CVID patients with interstitial lung disease is important. Deteriorating lung function in patients with granulomatous CVID may be secondary to interstitial lung disease rather than bronchiectasis, and treatment should be tailored accordingly.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Nurses' perceptions of reflective practice.

Reflective practice has become an accepted part of nursing development. The authors of this article asked clinicians and managers in their trust how they thought reflective practice may be enhanced. The study has enabled the trust to develop reflective practice in a number of ways which may benefit clinicians, managers and patients.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1997

Reflection in groups: contextual and theoretical considerations within nurse education and practice.

The action learning group (ALG) has been described as a mechanism to facilitate reflective practice. As a member of such groups, I contend that although a potentially ideal setting for learning, the group may evoke repressed anxiety and distress caused by self-awareness and contact with patients. This, if not contained, will hinder the process of learning from and through experience. More rigorous attempts by those conducting such groups may be required, to maintain the boundary and thus the safety of the group, and to obtain supervision, in order to deal more effectively with problems arising.

Education, Nursing, Continuing↗
PubMed1997

The role of the nurse in health promotion: an evaluation of a smoking cessation programme in surgical pre-admission clinics.

This paper presents a pilot study evaluating a smoking cessation programme, implemented by a nurse, in surgical pre-admission clinics at The Chesterfield and North Derbyshire Royal Hospital NHS Trust, Chesterfield, England. Using a quasi-experimental design, a convenience sample of 60 subjects who smoked were randomized, 30 to a control and 30 to a treatment group. Those in the treatment group received a variety of educational interventions and self-assessment questionnaires relating to smoking cessation, when attending the clinic. The control group received routine information. Data were collected using the combined interview and questionnaire method. There was a significant increase in positive behaviour on admission to hospital in the treatment group (80% stopped or reduced smoking), compared to a control group (50% stopped or reduced smoking), particularly in subjects who did not intend to reduce or stop before admission. The level of satisfaction with the service and information relating to smoking cessation was also significantly higher in the treatment group. Subjects described the approach of the nurse and a leaflet devised for the study, as the most helpful aspects of the programme. The study highlights how the nurse, using appropriate theory to underpin such a programme, can facilitate smokers' intention to stop or reduce tobacco consumption prior to hospital admission, and help them to prepare for their surgery, anaesthesia, and the hospital's no smoking policy.

England↗
PubMed1996

Towards further clarification of the concept 'dignity'.

The word dignity is used frequently in nursing and is deemed important to maintain or promote in patients. Its meaning, however, remains unclear. This paper uses the model of concept analysis described by Chinn and Kramer to further clarify the concept and develop the ideas of Mairis. A tentative definition and indicators are suggested to ascertain if dignity is present in a given interaction and context. Dignity is found to be connected to the shared humanity of patient and nurse, whilst acknowledging the uniqueness of individuals. It emerges through the analysis that, in order to effectively promote the dignity of patients, the nurse should also possess dignity.

Communication↗
PubMed1989

Duodenal pseudotumour: a silent impacted common bile duct calculus.

We report the case of a man with mild dyspeptic symptoms referred for barium meal, who was initially thought to have a duodenal tumour. Subsequent investigation showed this to be a pseudotumour caused by impaction of a gallstone in the distal common bile duct, and endoscopic sphincterotomy effected a cure. This readily treatable condition should be remembered when filling defects are demonstrated in the duodenal loop.

Ampulla of Vater↗
PubMed1984

Fate of anthracene in an artificial stream: a case study.

The fate of anthracene, a representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, was followed in a large outdoor stream microcosm . The major nonadvective route for the removal of anthracene was photolytic degradation to anthraquinone (half-life 43 min). The anthraquinone also photolyzed rapidly in this shallow stream system. Excluding the plastic channel liner, the sediment acts as the major sink for anthracene, absorbing 0.2% of the 14-day input dose. The periphyton community was the second most important sink, absorbing 0.04% of the input dose. All other compartments were of significantly less importance on a mass basis. Anthracene (11 micrograms liter-1) caused photo-induced 100% mortality of the bluegill sunfish in 9 hr in the upstream reach. Fish at the downstream station survived for approximately 26 hr and all died within 1 hr of each other. Other organisms, clams and dragonfly larvae, started to die off toward the end of the 14-day input period.

Animals↗
PubMed1971

Mitochondrial development in liver of foetal and newborn rats.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INNER MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE IN FOETAL AND NEONATAL RAT LIVER WAS STUDIED BY FOLLOWING THREE PARAMETERS: (1) the activity of several respiratory enzymes in homogenates and purified mitochondria, (2) the spectrophotometric determination of cytochrome content in the mitochondria and (3) the cardiolipin content in both homogenates and purified mitochondria. Respiratory-enzyme activities of homogenates of foetal liver were one-quarter to one-twentieth of those of homogenates of adult liver, and the enzyme specific activities in purified mitochondria from foetal liver were one-half to one-eighth of those in mitochondria from adult liver. The cardiolipin content of liver homogenates increased approximately twofold during the development period, but there was no significant change in the cardiolipin content of purified mitochondria. It is concluded that cell mitochondrial content approximately doubles in the immediate postnatal period. There was no evidence for an increase in the relative amount of cristae protein in mitochondria during this period to account for increases in mitochondrial enzyme specific activity, since cardiolipin and cytochrome concentrations remained unchanged and electron micrographs revealed no differences. The cause of the lower respiratory-enzyme specific activity in foetal liver mitochondria is unclear. Qualitative differences in respiratory units in foetal and mature animals are suggested.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evidence-based health care: its place within clinical governance.

This article explores the principles of evidence-based practice and its role in achieving quality improvements within the clinical governance framework advocated by the recent White Papers 'The New NHS: Modern, Dependable' (Department of Health (DoH), 1997) and 'A First Class Service: Quality in the New NHS' (DoH, 1998a). Within these White Papers there is an emphasis on improving quality of care, treatment and services through employing the principles of clinical governance. A major feature of clinical governance is guaranteeing quality to the public and the NHS, and ensuring that clinical, managerial and educational practice is based on scientific evidence. This article also examines what evidence-based practice is and what processes are required to promote effective healthcare interventions. The authors also look at how clinical governance relates to other methods/systems involved in clinical effectiveness. Finally, the importance for nurses and other healthcare professionals of familiarizing themselves with the development of critical appraisal skills, and their implications for developing evidence-based practice, is emphasized.

Decision Making, Organizational↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reducing the effects of noise in hospital.

This article identifies noise as a factor in disturbing patients' sleep in hospital and discusses the usefulness of earplugs as a method of reducing perceptions of noise and enhancing sleep. A pilot study, comparing the quality and quantity of sleep in patients who used earplugs, with those who did not, showed them to be an acceptable and effective method of facilitating sleep.

Clinical Nursing Research↗