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Biomedical subjects

J Hardman

Publications and source records attributed to J Hardman.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

The later growth of children who were preterm and small for gestational age.

The four-year-old growth status of 56 preterm, 35 small for gestational age, and 111 randomly selected appropriate weight for gestational age children who were born at the Queen Mary Hospital (Dunedin) in 1968, is described. Children who were preterm but were greater than 2500g at birth were significantly heavier, taller and had larger head circumference measures than the control group. Preterm children who had weighed less than 2500g at birth were significantly lighter than the controls. Children who were smaller for gestational age were significantly shorter and lighter than the control group. Other results were reported on relationships between gestational age and birth weight and the later growth status of children, and some implications were discussed.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1975

Multicentric and isolated multifocal glioblastoma multiforme simulating metastatic disease.

Single case reports of multicentric glioblastoma multiforme and multifocal glioblastoma multiforme tumours are presented. Multicentric glioblastoma multiforme tumours are those which have no macroscopic or microscopic connection. Multifocal gliomatous tumours, on the other hand, are those with either gross or microsopic continuity or evidence of cerebral spinal fluid spread and/or local metastases. The cerebral scintigram findings, cerebral angiogram studies and pathological description of these entities are presented. These lesions may be mistaken for metastases. In patients with multiple cerebral lesions multiple primary malignancies of brain should be considered when there is no clinical or radiographical evidence for extracranial primary neoplasms.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Midlife blood pressure and neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and brain weight at death: the HAAS. Honolulu-Asia aging Study.

Midlife hypertension is associated with later development of cognitive impairment, vascular dementia (VsD), and possibly Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuropathic cerebrovascular lesions and brain atrophy have been associated with elevated blood pressure (BP), however, to our knowledge there have been no prospective investigations of an association of blood pressure levels measured in midlife with the microscopic lesions of AD. We investigated the relationship of BP level in midlife to development of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), neuritic plaques (NP), and low brain weight at autopsy among Japanese-American men who were members of the Honolulu Heart Program/Honolulu-Asia aging Study (HHP/HAAS) cohort. The HHP/HAAS is a population-based, longitudinal study of cognitive function and dementia with 36 years of follow-up. Neocortical and hippocampal NFT and NP were counted per mm(2), and fixed brain weight was measured for 243 decedents. Elevated systolic BP, (> or =160 mm Hg) in midlife was associated with low brain weight and greater numbers of NP in both neocortex and hippocampus. Diastolic BP elevation, (> or =95 mm Hg) was associated with greater numbers of NFT in hippocampus. Results indicate that in addition to the accepted association of high BP with neuropathic cerebrovascular lesions, there is a direct relationship with brain atrophy, NP and NFT.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis of mouse renin as a 2-5-33-5 kilodalton pre-pro-two-chain molecule and use of its cDNA to identify the human gene.

A DNA coding for mouse submandibular gland (MSG) renin was used in studies of the biosynthesis and processing of MSG renin and precursors and as a probe for identification of the human renin gene. A 2 kilodalton signal peptide was demonstrated by cleavage of preprorenin (45 kilodaltons) in the presence of microsomal membranes from dog pancreas. Prior selection of renin mRNA by hybridization with its cDNA obviated the possibility that a protease translated from total MSG mRNA could be activated by the microsomal membranes and then act on the primary translation product. In vitro labelling experiments with female MSG demonstrated that prorenin (43 kilodaltons) is rapidly converted to renin (38 kilodaltons) and that testosterone stimulated synthesis by increasing transcription of renin mRNA. Electrophoresis under non-reducing conditions demonstrated 38 kilodalton renin which when reduced ran as two bands of 33 and 5 kilodaltons. Thus, native MSG renin has two chains linked by disulphide bonding. Hydrolysis of the 38 kilodalton single chain occurred only slowly during in vitro labelling. Prorenin bound only weakly to a pepstatin affinity column and could be activated by adding trypsin to column fractions. Both 38 kilodalton single and two chain renin bound strongly however, suggesting that both are active. Base sequencing of MSG renin cDNA indicated an Arg-Arg residue additional to the published amino acid sequence of the heavy chain. This may account for the two forms seen on isoelectric focusing. Mouse renin cDNA was used as a hybridization probe in screening a human genomic library in order to identify the human renin gene. The DNA in positive colonies had overlapping restriction maps and the coding region was found.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Structure of human renin and expression of the renin gene.

The amino acid sequence of human renin was identified for the first time. This was determined from the nucleotide sequence of exons in the human renin gene identified in a genomic library by recombinant DNA techniques. Examination of amino acid residues involved in the enzymatic hydrolysis by human renin of the unique Leu10-Val11 bond of human angiotensinogen revealed features peculiar to this highly specialized aspartyl protease. The expression of the renin gene was examined with a hybridization probe for renin mRNA in sections and extracts of tissues. In the submandibular gland of mice renin mRNA, like renin, increased during development and in response to testosterone in females; sodium depletion increased renin mRNA in kidney.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transcutaneous oxygen tension monitoring during vascular reconstruction.

Transcutaneous oxygen tension (TsPO2) was measured in the foot and chest of 39 patients with severe peripheral vascular disease and the Regional Perfusion Index (RPI) calculated (RPI = Foot TcPO2 divided by Chest TcPO2). TcPO2 was equivalent to RPI as a measure of ischaemia and furthermore RPI did not alter significantly when re-assessed under anaesthesia. Successful vascular reconstruction brought about an ontable rise in RPI which rose further but not significantly post-operatively. Continuous monitoring of RPI allowed intra-operative identification of 20 of 22 successful reconstructions and there were no false positive results.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗