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Biomedical subjects

J Hashimoto

Publications and source records attributed to J Hashimoto.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Assessment of age-dependent changes in circadian blood pressure rhythm in patients with essential hypertension.

The effects of age on the circadian blood pressure rhythm of patients with untreated essential hypertension (n = 133, World Health Organization stage I or II) were compared with those of normotensive subjects (n = 91). Subjects were classified into three groups by age: young (less than 40 years old), adult (40-59 years old) and old (greater than or equal to 60 years old). Blood pressure was monitored every 5 min for 24 h, using a finger volume oscillometric device under fixed external conditions. The single cosinor method was used to evaluate circadian rhythm. There was no difference in the amplitude of circadian systolic or diastolic blood pressure rhythm among the different normotensive and essentially hypertensive age groups although a wide distribution of amplitude was noted within each group. The distribution of amplitude was wider in the hypertensive than in the normotensive groups. The amplitude of circadian blood pressure rhythm was independent of the mesor level. On the other hand, the amplitude of circadian heart rate rhythm decreased with increasing age both in normotensive subjects (P less than 0.05, young versus adult or old) and hypertensive patients (P less than 0.01, young and old versus adult). The acrophase of circadian systolic blood pressure rhythm in young hypertensives was greater than that in adult or old hypertensives (P less than 0.05, for both). Such age-dependent changes were not observed in the normotensive groups. Consequently, the acrophase of circadian systolic or diastolic blood pressure rhythm in young hypertensives was larger than that in young normotensives (P less than 0.05, for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Identification of collagens in the human testis.

SDS-PAGE of pepsin-solubilized collagens obtained from testes of elderly men revealed types I, III, V, and VI but not type IV. The total collagen content was 21.3 +/- 1.96% (mean +/- SD) as determined by hydroxyproline assay. The ratio for the pepsin-soluble fraction was 7.98 +/- 3.27%, i.e. very low as compared with other tissues. Type I collagen was determined by SDS-PAGE of cyanogen bromide cleavage of the pepsin-insoluble residue.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Ultramicroscopic aspects of the conversion of fibroblasts to chondrocytes in the mouse dorsal subfascia induced by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP).

Direct conversion of typical fibroblasts to chondrocytes in the mouse fibrous connective tissue induced by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) was observed by light as well as electron microscopy. A pellet containing BMP obtained from a murine osteosarcoma was transplanted into the dorsal subfascia of 5 week-old mice. Until 3 days after implantation of BMP, all the connective tissue cells in the pellet region of the dorsal subfascia showed the fine structural features of typical fibroblasts. The cells in the pellet region changed their shape from spindle-like to polygonal by 5 days after implantation. At this time, small vacuoles 150-450 nm and vesicles 40-60 nm in diameter, containing a homogeneous substance of low electron density, appeared in the cytoplasm of the cells. A small amount of extracellular substance, showing metachromasia by toluidine blue staining, was seen around the cells. Moreover, autoradiography of 35S revealed the uptake of sulfur by the cells and its accumulation in the extracellular substance around the cells in the pellet region at 5 days. The rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus increasingly developed with time and after 7 days both elements were distributed throughout the cytoplasm. The cytoplasmic small vacuoles and vesicles also increased in number with time, and the metachromatic extracellular substance containing fine filamentous meshwork and many tiny particles, which was regarded as the matrix of cartilage, also increased rapidly in amount. By 9 days, the cells in the pellet region became oval or round in shape, showing many short cytoplasmic processes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The evaluation of cystoscopy in the screening of asymptomatic microhematuria].

As a prospective study on asymptomatic microhematuria, complete urological examinations including cystoscopy, IVP, ultrasound and urinary cytology were performed on 422 patients over 40 years old between January 1987 and December 1988 (group A). The results of group A was compared with that of retrospective study on 266 patients, who had incomplete urological examination between January 1984 and December 1985 (group B). Cystoscopy was performed on 321 patients (87.2%) in group A and on 108 patients (40.6%) in group B. Bladder tumor was found in 10 cases (2.4%) in group A, including 7 cases of male patients (5.7%), but in only 1 case (0.4%) in group B. Since the negative rate of abnormal urinary cytology was 50% and that of abnormal IVP was 90% in 10 cases of bladder tumor in group A, cystoscopy was considered to be an essential examination for the screening of patients with asymptomatic microhematuria over 40 years old patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Immunoscintigraphy of colorectal cancer with 111In labeled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody (ZCE-025)].

Clinical trials with 111In labeled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody (ZCE-025) was initiated. Five patients with colorectal cancer suspected were given an intravenous injection of 1 mg of 111In labeled ZCE-025. Planar and SPECT images were obtained 24 and 72 hours after injection. Surgical operation was performed on all patients between 7 and 10 days post injection. Of 4 primary sites, all were clearly visualized. Intrahepatic metastasis was visualized as higher activity than normal liver in one of two patients. In one patient whose imaging was negative, no residual cancer was found at surgery. Persistent accumulation of 111In in the lymph nodes was also observed in one patient. Surgical exploration of these lymph nodes showed no gross or microscopic evidence of metastases of colon cancer. No side effects were encountered, although HAMA were detected in all 5 patients by 4 weeks after the administration of ZCE-025. Immunoscintigraphy appears useful in distinguishing recurrent tumor from postoperative granuloma. Further investigation directed to the causes of 111In accumulation in tumor-free lymph nodes is required.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Cardiovascular depression and stabilization by central vasopressin in rats.

The role of endogenous vasopressin in cardiovascular homeostasis was examined using vasopressin-deficient rats (Brattleboro) (n = 194) and their parent strain, Long-Evans rats (n = 181). Mean arterial pressure (blood pressure) and heart rate were measured every 4 seconds with or without infusion of drug solution for 21 hours, and mean values and their standard deviations (lability) were calculated. Blood pressure in Brattleboro rats (116 +/- 1.1 mm Hg, mean +/- SEM) was significantly higher than that in Long-Evans rats (96 +/- 0.7 mm Hg, p less than 0.001), whereas heart rates (381 +/- 3.3 and 375 +/- 2.9 beats/min, respectively) were similar. The lability of blood pressure and heart rate in Brattleboro rats (9.2 +/- 0.1 mm Hg and 42.3 +/- 0.7 beats/min) was also greater than that in Long-Evans rats (6.7 +/- 0.1 mm Hg, p less than 0.001 and 38.4 +/- 0.8 beats/min, p less than 0.01, respectively). In Brattleboro rats, intravenous vasopressin (0.1 ng/kg/min or 0.6 ng/kg/min) did not affect blood pressure, although it did reduce heart rate and decreased lability of blood pressure and heart rate. Intracerebroventricular (central) infusion of vasopressin (2 pg/kg/min) in Brattleboro rats induced initial hypertension and tachycardia followed by long-lasting hypotension and bradycardia, whereas in Long-Evans rats it induced only hypertension and tachycardia. In both strains, central vasopressin dramatically decreased the lability of blood pressure and heart rate. Neither intravenous (0.2 ng/kg/min) nor central desmopressin (2 pg/kg/min or 0.2 ng/kg/min), a V2 renal receptor agonist, changed any of these parameters in Brattleboro rats, although both diminished urinary volume. Neither intravenous (50 ng/kg/min) nor central (3.3 pg/kg/min) d(CH2)5-Tyr(Me)-arginine vasopressin, a vasopressin V1 receptor antagonist, modulated any of these parameters in Long-Evans rats. These results suggest that endogenous as well as exogenous vasopressin acts centrally as a cardiovascular inhibitor and stabilizer through a receptor mechanism other than V1 or V2 receptor mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Influence of age on the nocturnal fall of blood pressure and its modulation by long-acting calcium antagonists.

The clinical significance of the nocturnal fall of blood pressure (BP) was examined. BP was monitored every 5 min for 24 hrs by means of a finger volume oscillometric device. The nocturnal fall was observed in all age groups (young: less than 40, n = 49; adult: 40 less than or equal to less than 60, n = 110; old: 60 less than or equal to, n = 33). The amplitude of nocturnal fall of BP (averaged daytime blood pressure--averaged nighttime blood pressure) in old patients (systolic = 13 +/- 11, diastolic = 10 +/- 8 mmHg, mean +/- SD) was similar to that in the young patients (systolic = 11 +/- 8, diastolic = 10 +/- 8 mmHg). These 192 subjects were also classified according to mean BP level (MBP) averaged for daytime in the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring records [MBP less than 85 (mmHg), n = 31; 85 less than or equal to MBP less than 100, n = 72; 100 less than or equal to MBP less than 115, n = 49; 115 less than or equal to MBP, n = 25]. BP level did not affect the pattern of circadian variation in the normal subjects or in the essential hypertensive patients at WHO stage I or II. The amplitude of the nocturnal fall in systolic BP increased with the increase in BP level, but this was not the case with diastolic BP (mean daytime BP less than 85 mmHg: systolic = 11 +/- 8, diastolic = 8 +/- 6 mmHg; 85 less than or equal to less than 100: systolic = 14 +/- 8, diastolic = 11 +/- 6 mmHg; 100 less than or equal to less than 115: systolic = 17 +/- 9, diastolic = 11 +/- 8; 115 less than or equal to: systolic 17 +/- 8, diastolic = 11 +/- 6 mmHg). Nitrendipine (8.6 +/- 5.6 mg, 22.5 +/- 11.4 days, n = 14) and nisoldipine (9.3 +/- 6.2 mg, 21.5 +/- 11.4 days, n = 15) administered once daily in the morning or nifedipine slow release tablet, 20 mg twice daily (n = 15, 17.7 +/- 5.2 days) induced a significant downward shift in the circadian BP pattern, in other words, the hypotensive effect was also observed during the night when the BP had already been low. Taken together, the information on the nocturnal behavior of BP would be valuable, especially in treating aged patients with essential hypertension with a long-acting antihypertensive drug.

Aging↗
PubMed1990

A cross-sectional survey of home blood pressure in a rural community in northern Japan.

A cross-sectional survey was performed on home blood pressure recordings (home BP) in a rural community in northern Japan. In total, 1190 participants (495 men and 695 women which consist 61.5% of the greater than or equal to 15 year-old regional population, n = 1933) were asked to measure home BP every morning for a month, using a semiautomatic BP measuring device. The actual measurements were done 16.8 +/- 10.2 times (mean +/- SD) for men and 19.0 +/- 9.4 times for women. Home systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) was elevated gradually with age in both sexes, although DBP tended to fall after reaching 70 years old in men. SBP and DBP thus measured were significantly lower than those of casual BP of ordinary Japanese people reported by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Japan, by 11.4 +/- 4.3 mmHg SBP (mean +/- SD) and 5.9 +/- 1.6 mmHg DBP in men, and 12.7 +/- 5.1 mmHg SBP and 8.1 +/- 2.5 mmHg DBP in women. When WHO criteria were applied to the home BP, 2.8% of men and 0.6% of women were considered to be definitely hypertensive, and 7.9% of men and 6.4% of women as of borderline cases, indicating the underestimation of hypertensive population by means of home BP. Based on these data, we demonstrated the values equal to 1SD or 2SDs above the mean in each age group to tentatively determine biological normalcy. It is necessary to define the relationship between home BP and target organ disease or hypertensive complications. A long-term prospective study is also necessary to define the relationship between home BP and long-term morbidity or mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Percutaneous endoscopic surgery for obstructive diseases in the upper urinary tract--preliminary report].

Fifty-two patients with obstructive diseases of the upper urinary tract were treated by percutaneous endoscopic surgery between May, 1986 and July, 1989. Fifty-nine procedures consisting of endopyelotomy (24 procedures), endopyeloureterotomy (29) and balloon dilation under direct vision (6) were performed in 54 units of the urinary drainage system. Causative diseases were congenital in 24 units, scar due to calculi in 17, scar due to previous surgery in 11 and tuberculous ureteritis in 2. The postoperative follow-up periods ranged from 3-41 months, mean +/- S.D.; 12.2 +/- 7.3 months. Of the 59 procedures, 49 (83.1%) achieved improvement but 10 could not on the postoperative excretory pyelogram and/or TcDTPA renogram. Three procedures (5.5%) required blood transfusion. Retroperitoneal leakage of the perfusate was observed in 3 procedures (5.0%). No other severe complications were observed. These results indicate that this procedure may be used for the reconstructive surgery in obstructive diseases of the upper urinary tract such as the ureteropelvic junction and the proximal 1/3 ureter.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Thoracic duct drainage pretreatment and low dose cyclosporine and low dose steroid immunosuppressive treatment in living related kidney transplantation].

The results of 20 HLA 1-haploidentical donor kidney transplant patients treated with preoperative lymphocyte deletion through thoracic duct drainage and low dose of cyclosporine and steroid immunosuppressive therapy, were presented. The number of removed lymphocytes was 114 +/- 36 X 10(9) (mean +/- SD) and the duration of thoracic duct drainage was 35 +/- 7 days. Graft survival was 100% at 3-9 months and 89% at 1-2 years after transplantation. Patient survival was 100% at 3-9 months and 89% at 1-2 years. A patient died from lung cancer (adenocarcinoma) in the 9th posttransplant month. Acute rejection was not seen in 20 patients during the first 3 months. Life-threatening infectious disease was never seen either. Diabetes mellitus was observed in 1 patient. No other complications were observed. These results indicated that thoracic duct drainage and low dose cyclosporine and steroid postoperative immunosuppressive treatment might yield complete success in HLA 1-haploidentical kidney transplant patients.

Cyclosporins↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical experience with ESWL with new Dornier lithotripter MPL 9000].

In June 1988, the new type of the lithotripter MPL 9000 (Dornier), which was the first interdisciplinary lithotripter for treatment of urinary and biliary calculi, was installed at the Shakai Hoken Chukyo Hospital. MPL 9000 has some features which enable one to treat with low range of shock wave energy and without anesthesia due to the enlarged aperture of the ellipsoid (210 mm), and locate the stone by computerized two ultrasound probes (coaxial, lateral). Unlike HM-3, the water bath is not used: shock wave is shot through the water cushion. From June to November 1988, 35 patients suffering from 64 urinary calculi were treated. The majority represented caliceal (75%) and pelvic (17%) stones, whereas 5 calculi were treated in the upper and lower ureter. Twenty-four patients were treated in one session and 11 patients needed additional sessions. The given number of shock waves was between 1337 and 3050 per one session and averaged 2403 with low generator voltage (15-18 kv). Twenty sessions (42%) were given without any medication and other 28 sessions (58%) were under analgesia (Pentazocine, i.v.) for the pain complained during the treatment. The rate of successful disintegration (less than 5 mm) was 88%. After the 1-month followup, 47.1% were free of stone, and 62.1% were free after the 3-month. Four patients had arrhythmia and one patient was with a subcapsular renal hematoma. We have concluded that this lithotripter is useful to treat upper and lower urinary tract calculi, in particular radiolucent ones in high risk patients because it is applicable without anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical importance of microhematuria as an initial sign of bladder tumor].

To investigate the role of microhematuria for the diagnosis of bladder tumor, the retrospective study of 156 patients with bladder tumor was done. Among the 156 cases, asymptomatic microhematuria was observed in 15 cases (9.6%) as an initial sign of the disease. According to the process to the final diagnosis, these 15 cases were classified into 4 groups; the Group 1 comprised 4 patients who consulted the urologist just after health examination; the Group 2 comprised 6 patients who consulted the urologist by the introduction of the general practitioner; the Group 3 comprised 2 patients who disregarded the sign and consulted the urologist after the appearance of symptoms; the Group 4 comprised 3 patients whose general practitioner overlooked the sign and who consulted the urologist after the appearance of the symptoms. The mean duration between the initial sign and the final diagnosis of each group was 2, 2, 8 and 62 months, respectively. Three of the 5 patients (60%) in groups 3 and 4 were treated by total cystectomy, while only 2 of the 10 patients (20%) in groups 1 and 2 totally cystectomized. High grade tumor was observed more frequently in groups 3 and 4 than in groups 1 and 2. Since the negative rate of urinary cytologic examinations of these 15 cases was 33.3%, cystoscopic examination was necessary for screening of bladder tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case report of testicular tumor in a dialysis patient].

A hemodialysis patient suffering from testicular tumor is reported. The patient was a 43-year-old man who had been receiving hemodialysis for 1 year. The patient consulted our hospital complaining of left testicular swelling and mild pain. Because of hen-egg-size enlargement and irregular surface of the left testis, high orchiectomy was performed under the diagnosis of testicular neoplasm. The diagnosis made after the microscopic examination was seminoma with a portion suspected as choriocarcinoma. No metastasis was revealed by computer tomography and chest X-ray photography. Considering that the patient was on dialysis and clinical diagnosis was stage 1, we did not perform radiation therapy nor lymph node dissection and the patient has been under careful observation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Does ambulatory blood pressure monitoring improve the diagnosis of secondary hypertension?

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring can determine the average blood pressure level and the short- and long-term blood pressure variability (circadian rhythm). The circadian blood pressure rhythm appears to be mediated mainly by the circadian rhythm of the sympathetic tone which is linked to changes in physical and mental activity, e.g. the waking-sleeping cycle. A statistically significant circadian blood pressure rhythm was observed in approximately 80% of mild to moderate essential hypertensive patients as well as in normal subjects. However, in patients with Cushing's syndrome, under glucocorticoid treatment, or with hyperthyroidism, central and/or peripheral autonomic dysfunction (Shy-Drager syndrome, spinal cord injury, brainstem lesions, diabetic neuropathy, uremic neuropathy, etc), chronic renal failure, eclampsia, malignant hypertension, sleep apnea syndrome or systemic atherosclerosis, the normal circadian blood pressure rhythm appears to be eliminated or reversed, while in those with primary aldosteronism, renovascular hypertension, pheochromocytoma without paroxysmal hypertension, diabetes insipidus, acromegaly, hyperparathyroidism or hyperprolactinemia, the nocturnal blood pressure fall has been observed as in normal subjects. The alteration in the circadian blood pressure rhythm was observed with different pathophysiological conditions, although no specific pattern was observed for any condition. A disturbance in any part of the hierarchy of factors that regulate the circadian rhythm of sympathetic neural tone seems to disturb the circadian blood pressure rhythm. We conclude that ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is not critically important in the diagnosis of secondary hypertension although it does help in screening for secondary hypertension.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1990

Circadian blood pressure variations under different pathophysiological conditions.

The daily variation in blood pressure (circadian blood pressure rhythm) is characterized by a nocturnal fall and a diurnal rise. The circadian blood pressure rhythm seems to be mediated mainly by the circadian rhythm of sympathetic tone, linked to changes in physical and mental activities, e.g. the waking-sleeping cycle. Statistically significant circadian blood pressure rhythms have been confirmed in approximately 80% of mild to moderate essential hypertensive patients as well as in normal subjects. However, the normal pattern of circadian blood pressure rhythm is reversed in elderly people and in those with Cushing's syndrome, those undergoing glucocorticoid treatment, and those with hyperthyroidism, central and/or peripheral autonomic dysfunction (Shy-Drager syndrome, tetraplegia, diabetic or uremic neuropathy, etc), chronic renal failure, renal or cardiac transplantation, congestive heart failure, eclampsia, sleep apnea syndrome, malignant hypertension, systemic atherosclerosis and accelerated hypertensive organ damage. However, in those with primary aldosteronism, renovascular hypertension, pheochromocytoma without paroxysmal hypertension, or those with cardiac pacing, a nocturnal blood pressure fall is ordinarily observed. It may be that a fall in cardiac output rather than in peripheral resistance may be mainly responsible for the nocturnal fall in blood pressure. It also seems that a nocturnal heart rate fall is not responsible for it, since the nocturnal blood pressure fall remained unchanged in patients undergoing cardiac pacing and was disturbed in patients with Cushing's syndrome or hyperthyroidism in whom the circadian heart rate rhythm remained unchanged.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1990

[A phase III multi-center clinical trial on 123I-orthoiodohippurate (123I-OIH)].

A multi-center clinical trial was performed to evaluate the clinical usefulness of 123I-orthoiodohippurate (123I-OIH) in patients with renal and urinary disorders. 123I-OIH was evaluated to be "safe" in all 259 cases it was injected. 123I-OIH was useful in all 248 cases analyzed for the overall clinical usefulness evaluated by the investigators. The clinical significance of the drug was also evaluated in terms of renal blood flow function, renal parenchymal function, urinary function and the ability to differentiate between renal and urinary disorders. In the comparison with 123I-OIH (90 cases), 123I-OIH was superior as evaluated by the investigators and the Committee both. In the comparison with 99mTc-DTPA (113 cases), 123I-OIH was evaluated as superior by the investigators, but no significant difference was found by the Committee. In image qualities, 123I-OIH was evaluated as superior to 131I-OIH and equal to 99mTc-DTPA by the Committee. In overall efficiency, 123I-OIH was evaluated as being more valuable than 131I-OIH in 92% of the 90 cases and more valuable than 99mTc-DTPA in 50% of the 113 cases. 123I-OIH was evaluated as being less valuable than 131I-OIH in no cases and less valuable than 99mTc-DTPA in 7% of the 113 cases. These results suggest that 123I-OIH is superior to 131I-OIH and equal or superior to 99mTc-DTPA as a radiopharmaceutical for gamma camera-renography.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗