Biomedical subjects
J Herman
Publications and source records attributed to J Herman.
The unifying diagnosis.
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[Verbal reflection in therapeutic discourse. On vertical co-occurrence analysis of a 28 session behavior therapy].
The purpose of computer-aided individual case analysis the examination of the frequency of mutual verbal referencing by the interlocutors during a series of 28 therapeutical conversations. The question is studied whether the number of transfers of identical words or words of the same family from one speechcontribution to the next (vertical text co-occurrences) corresponds with the evaluations of the sessions. Significant correlations have been established between single lexical units (in the emotional sphere) and single item groups (differentiated by cluster analysis) as determined in the Bernese hour sheets for clients.
Post-myocardial infarction survival: plus ça change ...
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Expression of an exogenous eukaryotic DNA methyltransferase gene induces transformation of NIH 3T3 cells.
Abnormal regional increases in DNA methylation, which have potential for causing gene inactivation and chromosomal instability, are consistently found in immortalized and tumorigenic cells. Increased DNA methyltransferase activity, which is also a characteristic of such cells, is a candidate to mediate these abnormal DNA methylation patterns. We now show that, in NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblasts, constitutive overexpression of an exogenous mouse DNA methyltransferase gene results in a marked increase in overall DNA methylation which is accompanied by tumorigenic transformation. These transformation changes can also be elicited by dexamethasone-inducible expression of an exogenous DNA methyltransferase gene. Our findings provide strong evidence that the increase in DNA methyltransferase activity associated with tumor progression could be a key step in carcinogenesis and provide a model system that can be used to further study this possibility.
Genes coding for antigens recognized on human tumors by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes.
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Gender differences in coronary artery disease. Bias, method, or fact of life?
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Marital status and timing of coronary artery surgery.
Women undergoing surgery for coronary artery disease are older and have greater impairment of functional status than their male counterparts, suggesting either gender differences or gender bias. Reduced willingness to accept risks of surgery and reduced reliability of non-invasive tests in women have been proposed as possible explanations of surgical intervention delay. Since women survive their husbands by 7 years, their role as a terminal caretaker may impede acceptance of recommended surgery. In a record review of 145 women who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery, widows, as compared with the general population, were over-represented in each of the 3 decades from age 45-74. A prospective study to assess the several variables contributing to poorer surgical outcome in women is warranted.
Quandaries.
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Thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction: some reservations.
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Pride and prejudice: the case of streptococcal pharyngitis and the WBC.
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Characterization of an unusual microaerophilic organism closely related to Bacteroides gracilis.
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Genes coding for tumor antigens recognized by human cytolytic T lymphocytes.
In order to define the antigens recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs) on autologous tumors, we derived tumor-specific CTL clones from autologous mixed lymphocyte tumor cell cultures. The gene coding for a tumor rejection antigen expressed on a melanoma was isolated by transfecting genomic DNA of the tumor into an antigen-loss variant of the melanoma. Transfectants were identified on the basis of their ability to stimulate tumor necrosis factor release by the CTL clone. The gene that transferred the expression of the antigen was named MAGE-1. It is a new gene, silent in normal tissues with the exception of testis, but expressed in several types of tumors. The antigen recognized by the CTL clone is a nonapeptide derived from the protein encoded by gene MAGE-1, and presented by the HLA class I molecule HLA-A1. Using two other antimelanoma CTL clones, we identified the tyrosinase gene as coding for an antigen presented by HLA-A2 on this type of tumors. The identification of these tumor rejection antigens open new possibilities for the specific immunotherapy of cancer.
Prejudices of a local medical doctor.
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Nonsurgical therapy of a splenic rupture in a hemophiliac.
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Beyond positivism: a metaphysical basis for clinical practice?
Medicine does not have its own unified body of scientific knowledge. Instead, physicians who are oriented to research make sporadic incursions into the basic sciences such as genetics, biochemistry, immunology, epidemiology, physiology, pharmacology and so on. These latter, taken together, comprise biomedicine which is said to have adopted the positivist epistemology or the Cartesian/Newtonian one that regards the scientist as an uninvolved observer of nature. In effect, medical science has come to rest on a theory of knowledge which links meaning to probability and considers prediction as the scientist's chief task. Like its predecessor, the probability theory of meaning rejects metaphysical speculation and remains connected to observations made, directly or indirectly, by means of the five senses. Despite some brilliant successes touching on relatively uncommon disorders, biomedicine cannot explain most day-to-day clinical activity. An understanding of what transpires between patient and doctor, of its diagnostic potential and therapeutic weight requires hermeneutic, or phenomenological, inquiry which brings about changes in both parties to it. Such a science, as ontological speculation has been called, cannot be deciphered by an epistemology couched in the imagery of physics and chemistry.