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Biomedical subjects

J Higashi

Publications and source records attributed to J Higashi.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Occurrence of Erysipelothrix spp. in broiler chickens at an abattoir.

From September 1995 to August 1996, 750 chickens from 66 farms sent to an abattoir in Nagano Prefecture, Japan, were examined for the presence of Erysipelothrix spp. Erysipelothrix spp. were isolated from 118 (15.7%) of 750 skin samples, 27 (7.3%) of 372 hypoderm samples, 12 (1.9%) of 630 throat samples, 106 (59.2%) of 179 feather samples, and none of 257 spleen samples. Of 66 farms, 55 farms (83.3%) sent Erysipelothrix-positive chickens and 11 farms (16.7%) only negative ones. Of 297 Erysipelothrix isolates, 273 isolates were identified as Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and 24 as Erysipelothrix tonsillarum. E. rhusiopathiae isolates were serotyped into nine different serovars. Of the 273 E. rhusiopathiae isolates, 33 (11.1%) were serotyped to serovar 6; 22 (7.4%) were serovar 5; 19 (6.4%) were serovar 2; 15 (5.1%) were serovar 8; 2 (0.7%) were serovar 21; 4 each (1.3% each) were serovars 1b, 9, 12, and 19; and 178 (59.9%) were untypeable. Of 24 E. tonsillarum isolates, 15 (5.1%) were serotyped to serovar 3, and 9 (3.0%) were serovar 7. These findings indicate that chickens seem to be a potential reservoir of Erysipelothrix spp. in nature and to be a source of human Erysipelothrix infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Occurrence of Erysipelothrix spp. in chicken meat parts from a processing plant.

From March 1996 to March 1997, 153 domestic raw chicken meat samples, including 71 thigh, 50 outer breast muscle, and 32 white meat samples, from a processing plant located in a chicken abattoir in Nagano Prefecture, Japan, were examined for the presence of Erysipelothrix spp. Erysipelothrix spp. were isolated from 49 (30.0%) of the 153 chicken meat samples. Of 67 Erysipelothrix isolates, 65 and 2 isolates were identified as E rhusiopathiae and E. tonsillarum. E. rhusiopathiae and E. tonsillarum isolates were serotyped into 11 and 2 different serovars, respectively. These findings might indicate that domestic chicken meat is frequently contaminated with E. rhusiopathiae and seems to be a potential source of human Erysipelothrix infection.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1992

The presence of antibodies to purified p24gag protein of HTLV-I in sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were tested for their reactivity to HTLV-I by western blotting (WB). Seven (18%) of 40 SLE serum samples reacted to the p24gag protein of HTLV-I by WB using purified gag antigens. The specificity of anti-p24gag antibodies in the SLE sera was confirmed by competitive inhibition on WB. Two of the seven patients were shown to be HTLV-I carriers, because HTLV-I infected T cell lines were easily established from their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Except for these two carrier patients, the gag proteins were not detected in the lysates of PBMC by WB using anti-p24gag and anti-p19gag monoclonal antibodies. The gag and pX genes of HTLV-I were not detected by PCR in PBMC of the SLE patients, with the exception of the 2 HTLV-I carrier patients. These results show no direct involvement of HTLV-I in the etiology of SLE. However, the existence of a specific antibody to p24gag in the sera of some of the noncarrier SLE patients suggests a crossreactivity to either unknown viruses or some autoantigens.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1986

A possible contribution of phospholipids in tissue distribution of quinidine in rats.

The tissue distribution of quinidine was investigated at three different steady-state plasma concentrations of quinidine in rats. The tissue distribution of quinidine (tissue-to-plasma concentration ratio, Ct/Cp) was studied in the liver, lung, kidney and heart and the highest distribution was found in the lung. Tissue binding characteristics of quinidine was determined in normal tissue homogenates and lipid-depleted tissue homogenates in vitro. No correlation was observed between the tissue bindings (product of association constant (K1) and number of binding sites (n), nK1) estimated in each normal tissue homogenate and the values of Ct/Cp in vivo. However, a marked decrease in the tissue binding of quinidine was observed in all lipid-depleted tissue homogenates, and the largest decrease was observed in the lung tissue. This result suggested that lipid may have an important role in the tissue binding of quinidine. However, no good relationship was observed between the values of Ct/Cp and the phospholipid contents in each tissue. In order to investigate the role of lipid in the tissue binding of quinidine, phospholipids extracted from each tissue were used for binding study. The phospholipids binding of quinidine (nK2) increased in the following order; heart less than liver less than kidney less than lung, and the plots of the values of Ct/Cp obtained in vivo against the binding ability of phospholipids (product of nK2 and the content of phospholipid in each tissue) gave a good linear relationship. Based on these observations, it was concluded that some species of phospholipids had an important and determining role in the tissue distribution of quinidine in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Hypersensitivity to hydrogenated lanolin.

The number of patients with dermatitis from applied betamethasone-17-valerate ointment, which incorporated hydrogenated lanolin, rapidly increased in Japan after 1971. On patch testing, the incidence of hypersensitivity to hydrogenated lanolin is significantly higher than to anhydrous lanolin at the 1% level, that is 5.20% (26/502) with the former and 1.99% (10/502) with the latter, although sensitivity to both materials is significantly related at the 0.5% level. The possible explanations considered are that hydrogenated lanolin contains three main allergens: the first is a group of lanolin alcohols which are the common eczematogens in anhydrous lanolin; the second refers to the products of hydrogenation, composed of saturated, easily oxidized, organic substances of low molecular weight; and the third refers to traces of nickel, copper and chromium, as a result of contamination in the hydrogenation process.

Adult↗