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Biomedical subjects

J Hirai

Publications and source records attributed to J Hirai.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of furosemide in anesthetized dogs with normal and experimentally decreased renal function.

The pharmacokinetics and the biliary and urinary excretions following intravenous administration of furosemide (5 mg/kg) were investigated in the anesthetized dogs with normal and experimentally reduced renal function. After the administration, furosemide caused diuretic and choleretic response, and was excreted into urine and bile at almost similar rate to plasma concentration decay in normal dogs. Half maximum diuretic response was obtained at 1.5 micrograms/ml of plasma concentration and 100 micrograms/min of urinary excretion rate of furosemide. Acute renal failure was produced in dogs by the intravenous administration of mercuric chloride (HgCl2, 2 mg/kg). In HgCl2-treated dogs, the prolongation of half life (T1/2 beta) and the decrease in plasma clearance were noted with the decreased diuretic response. These changes in parameters appeared to be associated with the decrease in excretion of furosemide into the urine, but not into the bile. Plasma level-diuretic response relationship was extensively shifted to the right in HgCl2-treated dogs, while urinary dose-response relationship did not change significantly between two groups. These results suggest that the decreased response to furosemide in HgCl2-treated dogs seems to be due to the decreased renal clearance rather than to the subsensitivity to furosemide on the site of action.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1989

Fascicular parasystole associated with tachycardia-dependent right bundle branch block.

A 43-year-old female with a chief complaint of palpitation was subjected to clinical electrophysiological studies. Initial standard 12-lead ECG revealed that her palpitation was caused by fascicular parasystole firing at the basic cycle length of 1.25-1.40 seconds, and that both sinus and parasystolic beats were associated with left anterior fascicular block and tachycardia-dependent RBBB. His-bundle electrocardiogram suggested that the parasystolic focus was located in the proximal portion of the anterior fascicle of the left bundle branch and that the site of tachycardia-dependent conduction block was located in the main right bundle branch. These findings suggest that diffuse pathological changes in the intraventricular conducting system were responsible for both the conduction block and automatic impulse formation in the present case.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Stimulation and suppression of the mineralocorticoid hormones in normal subjects and adrenocortical disorders.

In summary, maneuvers that affect the RAS stimulate or suppress solely aldosterone and 18-OHB and have little, if any, effect on DOC, 18-OHDOC, B, or cortisol. The magnitude of aldosterone response seems to be of equal magnitude for all stimulatory or suppressive maneuvers as used in the present protocols. Although primarily originating in the ZG, some secretion of 18-OHB from the ZF is evident by its disproportionate responses (in relation to aldosterone) to maneuvers challenging ACTH. The prompt and marked increases the 18-OHDOC and B after ACTH make them the most sensitive "markers" of the ZF steroid activity. The application of those maneuvers and MCH measurements to adrenal disorders should help to further characterize their pathophysiology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Urban-rural difference in the acceptance of mass health examination in north-eastern Japan.

Over 40,000 residents (less than or equal to 40 years of age) in a city (Sendai; the city group), a town (Shiroishi; the town group) and two villages (Wakuya and Tajiri; the village group) in Miyagi prefecture in north-eastern Japan responded in a questionnaire survey on their attitude towards mass health examinations (i.e., whether they underwent in the previous year and if so where) on 4 items of blood pressure measurement, chest x-ray examination and screening tests for stomach and cervical cancer. The coverage rates were about 70% on an average both for blood pressure measurement and for chest x-ray examination, whereas the rates for cancer screening were between 30-40%. As for the opportunity of the former two examinations, the workplace mass examination played a large role in the case of the city and town groups (especially among men but not women) in addition to visit to clinics, in contrast to the case of the village group in which people depended much on regional mass examination service. The trend was essentially reproducible in stomach cancer screening although the over-all coverage rate was low, whereas women in the three groups almost exclusively utilized clinics for cervical cancer screening with one exception that the mobile unit service appeared to be equally accepted in the village group.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Relation between plasma Ara-C and intracellular Ara-CTP levels by intermediate dose and high dose Ara-C administration in the treatment of AML].

Plasma level of cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) and intracellular cytosine arabinoside triphosphate (Ara-CTP) in peripheral blood and bone marrow were measured in 8 patients with non treated acute myelogenous leukemia. Ara-C was administered by 1 hr infusion (3 g/m2 and 500 mg/m2) and was followed for 12 hrs. The AUC of Ara-C in plasma following 3 g/m2 infusion were greater than the 500 mg/m2 (p less than 0.05). Intracellular Ara-CTP in peripheral blood following 3 g/m2 and 500 mg/m2 infusions were on the same level, after 1 hr. But AUC of intracellular Ara-CTP following 3 g/m2 infusion was greater than 500 mg/m2. There was a correlation between AUC of Ara-C in the peripheral blood (p less than 0.01). Intracellular Ara-CTP in the bone marrow and peripheral blood showed a similar level. Intracellular Ara-CTP in bone marrow was lower than in peripheral blood, however, there was no correlation between intracellular Ara-CTP in bone marrow and in peripheral blood.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical and pharmacokinetic studies of high dose N4-behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine].

Effect of high dose of N4-behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (BH-AC) was studied clinically and pharmacologically in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and acute leukemia. The schedule of drug administration consisted of daily i.v. infusion for 5 consecutive days. The daily close was initiated with 500 mg/m2 which was escalated up to 1300 mg/m2. Eruption was found to be dose-limiting toxicity and there was no myelosuppression. The plasma concentration curve of BH-AC showed a biphasic curve. The half-lives of the initial phase (t1/2 alpha) and the second phase (t1/2 beta) by the administration (1 hr iv infusion) of 700 mg/m2 were 1.08 and 3.65 h respectively. The plasma 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine was detected for 12-24 hr after infusion (Cmax: 0.26 microgram/ml).

Antineoplastic Agents↗