Validation of a commercial human fibronectin assay for use in dogs and cats.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
J Hirschberger
Publications and source records attributed to J Hirschberger.
[Cordylobia anthropophaga as a cause of cutaneous myiasis in a dog in Germany].
This paper reports on a case of cutaneous myiasis due to Cordylobia anthropophaga in a dog imported from Cameroon to Germany. An account is given of the biology and ecology of this skin maggot fly as well as the clinics, diagnosis and treatment of the cutaneous myiasis are reviewed.
Animals↗
Validation of the determination of the activity of adenosine deaminase in the body effusions of cats.
In order to identify parameters differentiating exudative from transudative effusions, it was postulated that the activity of adenosine deaminase (AD) (EC 3.5.4.4) might be highly correlated with granulomatous inflammatory processes of the serosa, and the activity of the enzyme in body effusions and serum from cats was examined. The method of Slaats et al (1985) for the determination of the enzyme was evaluated by using an Hitachi 705 autoanalyser, and its activity was measured in body cavity effusions of 174 cats. The activity of AD was high in effusions from cats with infectious serositis and bacterial or feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). In cases of FIP the activity of AD was very significantly different from all other cases of thoracic (P = 0.004) and abdominal (P < 0.0001) effusions. The determination of AD in the serum of cats did not contribute to the aetiological differentiation of hydrops. The increases in the activity of AD appeared to originate from the body effusion, because the ratio of the activity of the enzyme in the effusion to its activity in serum was relatively high in cases of FIP.
Adenosine Deaminase↗
[Cytology of body cavity effusions].
The cytological examination of body cavity effusions is a fast and technically simple procedure. The specificity of the method to diagnose a malignoma is high, and the sensitivity is sufficient. Round cell sarcomas and carcinomas exfoliate well, but other sarcomas can rarely be diagnosed cytologically in the body effusion. Inflammation and bacterial or mycotic infection of the hydrops are evident. Cytological examinations of body effusions of other etiologies are not so specific.
Animals↗
[Clinical symptoms and diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis].
Body effusions from 197 cats and blood serum samples from 252 cats, where Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) was part of the differential diagnosis, were analysed. The diagnoses were confirmed by clinical follow up or histopathology. The final diagnosis FIP was always confirmed by histopathology. The median age of cats with FIP was 1.6 years. FIP was responsible for 41% of the body effusions, whereas malignomas caused 24%, cardial insufficiencies 14% and purulent serositis 12% of the body effusions. The rivalta test was highly sensitive for FIP. Predictive value of a negative result was 100%, predictive value of a positive result was 84%. In half of the cases with purulent serositis and in 20% of malignomas rivalta reacted positive. The cardial insufficiencies were negative for rivalta. Coronavirus antigen could be demonstrated by immunofluorescence in 34 of 49 body effusions caused by FIP, whereas in the 50 body effusions caused by other diseases no coronavirus antigen was detected. An albumin globulin ratio of < 0.6 was highly diagnostic for an inflammatory process, nearly exclusively for FIP. An albumin globulin ratio of > or = 0.8 almost excluded FIP. Only a negative or very high (1:1600) FIP titer could contribute to confirm diagnosis. Low and medium titers, however, should not be interpreted.
Aging↗
[Lymph node cytology].
The cytological preparation of a lymph node is a relatively simple technique. A fine needle aspirate is smeared as a blood sample and stained with a hematological method, Wright-stain or Diff-Quik. The microscopical examination can be completed in a few minutes. The cytology of a lymph node is a valuable diagnostical step for the classification of a lymphadenopathy. Reactive hyperplasia, forms of lymphadenitis, primary or metastatic neoplasias, microorganisms and parasites can be diagnosed.
Animals↗
Glutamine and glutamate in ascitic fluid of dogs.
The amino acid pattern in the ascites of 79 dogs was examined. The concentration of glutamine in neoplastic ascites is significantly lower than in cardial effusions. In contrast, glutamate is significantly higher in neoplastic ascites than in cardial ascites. Using an arbitrary discrimination value of 0.28 for the glutamate/glutamine ratio, purulent or cardial ascites are easily differentiated, with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 94%. The differentiation is very distinct, with no overlap between the group of patients with liver cirrhosis on the one hand and the groups of patients with purulent peritonitis, heart failure, or malignant ascites on the other hand. There was no diagnostically unsable correlation between the concentrations of the other 20 amino acids and the underlying causes of ascites formation.
Amino Acids↗
[Cellulose acetate electrophoresis, radial immunodiffusion and nephelometry--comparative methods for the determination of albumin].
Different methods for the determination of albumin in dogs and cats are compared. Nephelometry was found to be the method of choice, due to its excellent precision, the immediate test results and the wide measuring range. The advantage of the radial immunodiffusion method is that expensive equipment need not be acquired, which makes the test profitable for small amounts of samples. At the expense of accuracy, electrophoresis enables the simultaneous evaluation of all protein fractions.
Albumins↗
[Clinico-chemical study of body cavity effusions].
The differential diagnosis of ascites is discussed. 107 dogs with ascites were examined. The mean age of the dogs was relatively high. Therefore many dogs were multimorbid. The classification of ascites into transudate and exudate was of limited value. The activity of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the ascitic fluid was a potent parameter in differentiating cardiac, neoplastic and infectious ascites. For the diagnosis of a neoplastic cause of the ascites, a LDH activity range from 200-1600 U/l was useful. The predictive value of the positive result was 87%, and the predictive value of the negative result was 88%.
Animals↗
[The determination of creatinine in blood and plasma of small animals using the dry chemical system Reflotron].
The reagent carrier Reflotron-Creatinine was tested for its suitability for whole blood and plasma samples of dogs and cats. It showed a very good correlation between the results of Reflotron-Creatinine and the reference method. Using plasma the results of both methods were extremely close. Using whole blood with a hematocrit of up to 50% good results could be achieved. If the hematocrit exceeded 50% large deviations could result.
Animals↗
[The test of a centrifugal hematology system for use in clinical practice].
The QBC is a centrifugal haematology system. Modified haematocrit capillaries are measured optically. The parameters haematocrit, total leukocyte count, relative and absolute values of granulocyte and lympho-/monocyte fractions, and total thrombocyte count are stated. The microhaematocrit method, the counting chamber, and the differential blood count are reference methods. Blood samples of the dog, cat and horse were used for the study. As a screening method the QBC analysis meets all requirements for the veterinary practice.
Animals↗
[The dry chemical system Kodak Ectachem DT 60. Working methods, performance and suitability for laboratory diagnosis in dogs and cats].
The Kodak Ektachem DT 60 Analyzer, a compact tabletop analyzer, which is based on the multilayer film technology, has been evaluated to assess its suitability for veterinary use. For a period of 6 months more than 400 serum samples from dogs and cats were analyzed for the following 11 analytes: ALT, CK, AP, alpha-amylase, total bilirubin, glucose, urea, total protein, creatinine, sodium, and potassium. Results obtained with the DT 60 Analyzer were compared with those gained from a Hitachi 705 autoanalyzer and from an Eppendorf flame photometer. Precision study results (within-run precision and between-run precision) were generally very good. Comparisons with other methods were quite satisfactory. Good to very good correlation was found for nearly all the parameters. The analyzer is easy to use and has proved to be reliable. It can be used successfully in the determination of serum-analytes in dogs and cats.
Animals↗
[Administration of acyclovir (virustatic) to cats].
Herpes felis infections belong to the feline viral rhinotracheitis complex. Acyclovir, a virustatic of the nucleoside-analogue-group, inhibits the in vitro replication of herpesvirus felis. Acyclovir (0.1% in isotonic saline solution) is well tolerated by cats when applied t.i.d. subcutaneously and has a high and long lasting plasma level. The treatment is not too expensive.
Acyclovir↗
[Clinical testing of a dry chemistry working laboratory apparatus, the "Reflotron"].
The veterinary range of application of the laboratory unit "Reflotron" (Boehringer Mannheim) was tested. This laboratory unit is able to measure the parameters glucose, urea, hemoglobin, GGT, cholesterol, triglyceride and in forthcoming future uric acid, AST, ALT and creatinine out of whole blood. It is easy to operate this apparatus. The "Reflotron" gives reliable results.
Animals↗
Fibronectin concentrations in pleural and abdominal effusions in dogs and cats.
A commercial nephelometric test kit for human fibronectin (FN) was found suitable for the estimation of fibronectin concentration in body effusions of cats and dogs. The FN measurements were set in relation to the FN concentration of plasma pools in cats and dogs. A discrimination line of 31.5% completely separated malignant from cardiogenic pleural effusions in cats. For the diagnosis of a malignant pleural effusion, sensitivity was 100% and specificity was 57%. Pleuritis also resulted in high FN concentrations. The FN concentration in malignant pleural effusions in dogs differed significantly (P < .02) from that in cardiogenic effusions. There were no clinically useful differences in the FN concentration in peritoneal effusions in cats and dogs. The FN/albumin ratio was significantly higher (P < .02) in dogs with neoplastic abdominal effusion than in those with congestive heart failure.
Animals↗