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J Hoeffel

Publications and source records attributed to J Hoeffel.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

Effect of different levels of positive end-expiratory pressure on lung water content.

To compare the effects of 2-, 5-, and 10-cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on pulmonary extravascular water volume (PEWV), pulmonary blood volume (PBV), pulmonary dry weight (PDW), and distensibility, we separately ventilated perfused dogs' lungs in situ and produced pulmonary edema with oleic acid (0.06 ml/kg). Three groups were studied: I, PEEP, 5 cmH2O in both lung; II, PEEP, 2 cmH2O in one lung and 10 cmH2O in the other; and III, PEEP, same as II, but the chest was rotated to compensate for differences in heights. The PEWV and distensibility were less (P less than 0.05) in lungs exposed to 10-cmH2O than to either 2- or 5-cmH2O PEEP. After chest rotation, the difference between 10- and 2-cmH2O PEEP on PEWV was eliminated but that on distensibility was not. We conclude that 10-cmH2O PEEP 1) decreased water content because of lung volume-induced effects on intravascular hydrostatic pressure and 2) improved distensibility by recruitment of alveoli, irrespective of PEWV.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Effect of major burns on alveolar-epithelial permeability in rabbits.

To evaluate the effect of major surface burns on pulmonary epithelial permeability, the authors studied 8 rabbits. After a 60-min baseline period, a 40% body surface area burn was inflicted. Permeability was assessed by following the rate of passage of 2 radiolabeled tracers from alveoli to arterial blood (125I antipyrene, 51Cr EDTA) and correlated with dynamic compliance, airflow resistance, blood pressure, heart rate, and arterial blood gases. Although dynamic compliance and the pH declined and airflow resistance increased (p less than 0.05), there was no significant change in permeability or P(A-a)O2. The authors conclude that extensive surface burns produce alterations in pulmonary mechanics and arterial pH which are not associated with increased alveolar epithelial permeability.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Carbon monoxide effect on alveolar epithelial permeability.

A carbon monoxide (CO)-intoxicated patient developed increased permeability-type pulmonary edema demonstrated by a normal capillary wedge pressure and production of protein-rich edema fluid. To investigate the effect of CO on alveolar-epithelial permeability, a radio-active labelled isotope, 51Cr-EDTA (MW 377), was instilled into the airways of rabbits. Subsequent egress of the marker from the lungs into arterial blood was determined in serial arterial blood samples. The 51Cr-EDTA counts increased significantly within 15 minutes in the CO-exposed animals, compared with the control animals, while dynamic lung compliance fell, airways resistance rose, and arterial blood pressure decreased. Ultrastructural study of the lungs of CO-exposed animals revealed epithelial and endothelial cell swelling, in terstitial edema, and alveolar type II cells depleted of lamellar bodies. These findings support the possibility that carbon monoxide intoxication is associated with increased alveolar-epithelial permeability.

Adult↗