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Biomedical subjects

J Hohenstein

Publications and source records attributed to J Hohenstein.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Causal status effect in children's categorization.

The current study examined the causal status effect (weighing cause features more than effect features in categorization) in children. Adults (Study 1) and 7-9-year-old children (Study 2) learned descriptions of novel animals, in which one feature caused two other features. When asked to determine which transfer item was more likely to be an example of the animal they had learned, both adults and children preferred an animal with a cause feature and an effect feature rather than an animal with two effect features. This study is the first direct demonstration of the causal status effect in children.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Cell-kinetic investigations in the operated rat stomach to show the influence of duodenogastric reflux. An experimental long-term study.

In has been proven in our own studies that the frequency of carcinoma is closely correlated with the varying intensity of duodenogastric reflux occurring as a result of surgery. Now it was our objective to provide information regarding the changes in cell proliferation kinetics in support of the already established relation, toward which end we conducted an additional autoradiographic study on the gastric mucosa of the same operated animals. Five different operative procedures were performed on the stomachs of 265 female Wistar rats. 3H-Thymidine was used for labeling. Comparison of the labeling rates with the type of operative procedure used revealed an average labeling value typical for each particular procedure. It became evident that increased reflux quite obviously leads to an increase in cell proliferation.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Gastric stump carcinoma--new aspects deduced from experimental results.

The actual influence of surgical technique on the pathogenesis of gastric stump carcinoma has not been fully explained, even under experimental conditions. We attempted to elucidate the problem by a series of experiments with Wistar rats assessing the postoperative consequences of Billroth I resection, B II resection with Roux-en-Y gastroenterostomy, B II resection with Braun's anastomosis, and plain gastroenterostomy without resection, and defining their influence on the development of carcinoma in the gastric remnant. Based on general clinical observations and randomized endoscopic and radiologic examinations, the date for killing and autopsy was fixed on the 56th after the surgical intervention. The number of malignant neoplasms was found to rise in proportion with the intensity of duodenogastric reflux resulting from the respective operative procedures: No tumors were found after B II resection with Roux-en-Y gastroenterostomy, but tumor incidence in the other groups rose from 10% in the animals subjected to B I resection, to 23.1% in those with B II resection plus Braun's anastomosis, and finally to 30% in animals with B II resection only, but no Braun's anastomosis. Gastroenterostomy without any resection even produced a tumors incidence of 70.8%. The present paper is presumably the first to report about gastric carcinomas that arose after surgery alone, without additional carcinogen exposure.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Operation-sequel carcinoma--an experimental study.

Gastric-stump carcinoma, a special form of gastric carcinoma, is seen as a late complication of gastric surgery performed on the carcinoma-free stomach. In the present experimental series a considerable number of carcinomas were observed, for the first time, in rats after gastric surgery without additional application of a carcinogen. The rate of malignancies arising in the gastric stump correlates closely with the intensity of the duodenogastric reflux provoked by different surgical procedures. The important role of duodenogastric reflux for the development and growth of gastric stump carcinoma is thus established beyond doubt. While bearing in mind the need for caution in translating experimental results to man, this study does suggest the value of reflux-preventing techniques in the surgical management of gastric diseases. Patients who have undergone an operation are at increased risk of developing carcinoma, and therefore require consequent and regular follow-up examination. The introduction of surgical prophylaxis and careful postoperative surveillance are the only effective methods for the prevention of gastric stump carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗