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Biomedical subjects

J Hubert

Publications and source records attributed to J Hubert.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A microlarval development assay for the detection of anthelmintic resistance in sheep nematodes.

A microlarval development test for the detection of anthelmintic resistance in nematodes is described. Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis eggs were cultured to third stage larvae in the presence of Earle's balanced salt solution, yeast extract and bacteria in a total volume of 150 microliters. Good dose-response data were obtained with thiabendazole, levamisole, pyrantel tartrate and ivermectin allowing the determination of the 50 per cent lethal concentration and of resistance factors when resistant strains were available. The test was found to be accurate, sensitive, easy to carry out and applicable to the routine detection of resistance.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Evidence for the presence of complex high-molecular mass N-linked oligosaccharides in intranuclear glycoproteins from HeLa cells.

Nonhistone proteins were extracted in 0.4 M NaCl from membrane-depleted nuclei of HeLa cells grown in the presence or the absence of [5,6-3H]fucose. Control experiments strongly suggest that most extracted proteins were indeed nuclear components. Several proteins, present in the 0.4 M NaCl nuclear extract, with M(r) ranging from 35,000 to 115,000 were identified on Western blots as fucosylated glycoproteins owing to their binding to the fucose-specific lectin, Ulex europeus agglutinin I. Results of experiments involving mild alkaline treatment and peptide N-glycosidase F digestion showed that the carbohydrate moieties of these fucosylated nuclear glycoproteins were N-linked to the polypeptide backbone. Analysis of the N-glycans revealed the presence of two populations of sialylated oligosaccharides on the basis of their relative molecular masses. The sensitivity of the high-M(r) oligosaccharides to endo-beta-galactosidase and their incorporation of [3H]glucosamine suggest that they could contain repeating N-acetyllactosamine units. [3H]Fucose incorporated into nuclei was confined to the nucleoli, as judged by autoradiography of sections cut through cells grown in the presence of [3H]fucose. Electron microscopy autoradiography showed that the fibrillar centers were never labeled, while silver grains were observed on the dense and the granular components of nucleoli. Taking into account of these data most nuclear fucosylated glycoproteins extracted in 0.4 M NaCl might be nucleolar ribonucleoproteins.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1992

Stable inheritance of shuttle vectors based on plasmid pIM13 in a mutant strain of Clostridium acetobutylicum.

New shuttle vectors for Clostridium acetobutylicum were constructed, using as replicons the Gram-positive plasmid pIM13, and derivatives of the Gram-negative plasmid pBR322, including pUC19. These vectors transformed C. acetobutylicum at a high frequency (up to 10(6) transformants per microgram DNA) by PEG-mediated protoplast transformation. A mutant host strain, NI-4082, was isolated on the basis of its ability to maintain plasmid pIM13 stably in the absence of selection pressure. The shuttle vectors showed no segregational or structural instability in this mutant strain. Moreover, the results suggested a relationship between segregational instability and the multimerization of pIM13 in C. acetobutylicum. The host/vector system described possessed all the properties required for efficient gene cloning in this species.

Cloning, Molecular↗
PubMed1992

[Urinary tract infections during the 1st month after kidney transplantation].

The incidence and the predisposal factors of urinary tract infections (UTI) in the first month post-transplant were studied in 255 kidney transplantations (252 patients). UTI episodes were demonstrated in 73.7% of the grafts. The most common organisms were: Escherichia coli (35.8%), Staphylococcus (33.6%), Streptococcus D (11.2%), Klebsiella (5.3%). The infectious episodes were recurrent in 39% of the cases. The majority of the UTIs were asymptomatic but 7% of the infections led to septicaemia. Etiology of end-stage renal disease, pre-graft binephrectomy, asymptomatic vesicoureteral reflux into the patient's own kidneys, type of immunosuppressive treatment, acute tubular necrosis, rejection episodes, urological complications, coexistent other infections were not predisposal factors. Bacteriuria was more frequent in female than in male patients. The incidence of UTI was found to be statistically increased with history of UTI preoperatively (p = 0.039) and the use of ureteral catheter (p = 0.018). Occurrence of UTI was less common when the donor was treated by antibiotics before brain death (p-0.025). These results provide additional support for regular monitoring of urine cultures in the first month post-transplant. They should help to identify means of reduction of this infectious risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Analysis of nuclear sugar-binding components in undifferentiated and in vitro differentiated human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL60).

The nuclear sugar-binding components (i.e., lectin-like molecules) were analyzed using isolated and membrane-depleted nuclei after incubation in the presence of fluorescein-labeled neoglycoproteins. This analysis was performed before and during the in vitro differentiation of HL60 cells into monocytes by PMA treatment and into granulocytes by DMSO treatment. The nucleoli of undifferentiated and differentiated HL60 cells were not labeled, unlike the nucleoli of other mammalian cells studied so far. This peculiarity allowed us to quantitatively analyze by flow cytometry the changes in the lectin activity associated with the extranucleolar territories enriched in ribonucleoprotein complexes. The neoglycoprotein binding was found to be significantly lower in differentiated than in undifferentiated cells. The decrease in neoglycoprotein binding was observed within the first 24 h of DMSO or PMA treatment, just before the arrest of DNA synthesis. Taking into account that the granulocytic differentiation required 72 h of chemical treatment, the extra-nucleolar lectins might be involved in modulation of the DNA synthesis rather than in phenotypic differentiation. These data are discussed in an attempt to reconcile the association of lectins with RNP complexes and their possible involvement in modulation of HL60 cell proliferation.

Carrier Proteins↗
PubMed1990

[The value of mobilization of the prostatic region via perineal approach in the treatment of ruptures and stenoses of the posterior urethra].

UNLABELLED: 11 cases of end to end anastomosis associated with the mobilization of the prostate is reported. The authors use only the perineal access. The operation is utilised in two circumstances: injuries or traumatic strictures to the membranous urethra. 4 ruptured prostato-membranous urethras with 4 good results. 7 stenosis with 5 good results. 2 recurrences which one of them had a good result with a simple urethrotomy. Complication: no incontinence. 2 cases of impotence are noted. One of them had recovered, the other is secondary of the pelvic fracture. Follow up: mean 3 years (6 months-5 years). CONCLUSION: our experience suggest that the mobilization of the prostate is an excellent aid to end to end anastomosis. This technique permits the only perineal access.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The Devine urethroplasty. Our experiences apropos of 18 cases].

Our experience with a 1-stage procedure using free patch graft for correction or urethral stricture is reported. Eighteen cases of urethral stricture have been treated. Fourteen of the 18 cases (77%) had a good result. The follow up is more than 5 years. This procedure is recommended with considerable enthusiasm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Value of arterioscopy in the prevention of renal artery stenosis after transplantation].

Renal artery stenosis is frequent after transplantation. The systematic pre-operative search for arterial injuries by angioscopy allows a reduction in their incidence. The authors report a series of 60 transplantations with pre-operative angioscopy, which revealed benign injuries and two major injuries which were successfully treated surgically. This prevention allows a reduction in the incidence of stenosis from 12 to 6.6% according to a previous series of 210 transplantations without angioscopy.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1990

[Revascularization of the penis in arteriogenic impotence. 10 years' experience].

From 1978 to 1987, various techniques have been used by the authors ECA (epigastrico-cavernous anastomosis) and its variants saphene ECA (prolonged by a vein), ECA + DDVL (used with ligature of the deep dorsal vein of the penis), finally FCA (femoro-cavernous anastomosis). According to the method of selection mode, "traditional" using arteriography and nocturnal erectometer; or "dynamic", completed with a flow-rate measurement, used with or without the papaverine test. Three groups of patients emerge corresponding to three periods: empirical surgery then functional surgery (+ flow-rate measurement), then improved (+ flow-rate measurement coupled with the papaverine test). The surgical sequelae are evaluated according to the level of success (G) total erections with normal relations improved (QG) reappearance of erections allowing relations; failure (B) relations impossible. The study concerns 91 patients with 83 experiencing long term success (92%) after more than one year. According to the techniques used the overall results (in improved patients) are: for FCA, 77% after three months (7/9 = 7 G) and 42 long term (3/7 = 3 G) for ECA 82% after three months (68/82 = 54 G + 14 QG) and 74% long term (49/76 = 40 G + 9 QG). According to the type of surgery, the results in improved patients are, all techniques combined: for empirical surgery (36 patients of which, 32 ACA, 2 saphene ECA and 2 FCA) 70% at three months and 48% long term, for improved functional surgery (22 patients with 12 ECA, 2 saphene ECA, 6 ECA + DDVL and 2 arteriolisations of the deep dorsal vein) 100% after three months and 72% long term.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Erectile Dysfunction↗
PubMed1990

[Junctional syndrome responsible for prostatic urethral dilatation: a new pathological entity?].

The authors report two observations of monstrous ectasia of the prostatic urethra, in boys age 12, without any previous pathological history; discovered on at the time of major dysuria previous urinary troubles with chronic retention of 500 cl and 1.250 l respectively. In the absence of any organic obstacle, etiology relieves functional troubles. If functional explorations show a normal or hypertensive detrusor, then they discuss the possibility of vesico-sphincter dyssynergia or an obvious hypertension of the striated sphincter. From this moment onwards, purely intrinsic urethral functional trouble is plausible, all the more because the recovery was assured by treatments directed only at the urinary canal. In the first case, after surgical treatment owing to complex lesions (plastic reduction of the urethral ectasia preserving the posterior wall and respecting the striated sphincter) combined with diverticulectomies with urethral reimplantations), the patient recovered complete vesical waste removal at once, with normalisation of the flowmeter in six months. In the second case, a simpler treatment (sub-montanal urethrotomy of the principle) allowed a normalisation period of 10 months with complete vesical waste removal. The functional results are maintained after a period of nine and two years respectively. The integrity of the striated sphincter controlled post-operatively by the operatory gesture on the urinary canal and confronts the authors in the idea of intrinsic urethral pathology, although electronic microscopic examination may not have shown achalasia.

Child↗
PubMed1979

[Ribosomal crystallization and hibernation in a viviparous lizard].

Part of the ribosomes crystallize in the ovarian follicles during hibernation. The association between ribosomes crystals and endoplasmic reticulum membranes depends on the cell types of the follicle. The cytoplasm of oocytes with a nucleolus shows ribosome crystals. In larger oocytes, without nucleolus, there is no ribosome crystallization. The ribosomes which crystallize would be newly synthesized.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Study of gastro-intestinal stronglyosis in a sheep flock on permanent pasture. 1. Sheep parasitism in 1977.

An epidemiological study aimed at defining gastro-intestinal parasitism in sheep qualitatively and quantitatively was carried out in the Limousin area in France. Five lambs were sacrificed regularly every 4 weeks from May till January of the following year. Complete parasite counts were performed on these animals as well as measurements of the plasma level of pepsinogen. In order to define the influence of parasitism on the growth of the animals, the weight gains of lambs treated regularly and untreated lambs were compared. The results of post-mortem examination show that parasitism is mainly linked to the incidence of strongyles. Other observations in the flock have shown that Moniezosis may also play a non-negligeable part. The parasitic level, already high after one month at pasture, reached its maximum in July-August 1977 and was marked by a very high level of parasitism. Among these species found, two played an essential part: Ostertagia circumcincta and Haemonchus contortus. A study of the growth of the lambs showed that within 6 months, the weight gain of the treated animals was twice that of the untreated animals. The effects of parasitism were worsened by the low fodder value of the pasture and the occurrence of overgrazing. The blood pepsinogen measurements confirmed the usefulness of this technique in establishing the mean level of infestation of a flock by parasites of the abomasum. It seems that in some cases it could help to define the succession of peaks of infestation by different species.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1978

[Ultrastructural identification of the nucleolus organizer by the silver staining technic].

The nucleolus organizer regions can be selectively stained in metaphase chromosome preparations by the Goodpasture and Bloom's technique which was adapted to electron microscopy analysis of cells during interphase. Using this technique, a selective accumulation of silver grains was observed over nucleolus light areas. This selective accumulation allows the identification of the interphase fibrillar centers as the nucleolus organizer regions. Ultrastructural relationships between fibrillar centers and dense fibrillar component are discussed.

Cell Nucleolus↗