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Biomedical subjects

J I James

Publications and source records attributed to J I James.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

The rib-vertebra angles on the convexity and concavity of the spinal curve in infantile idiopathic scoliosis.

The components of Mehta's empirical rib-vertebra angle difference (RVAD) were observed as indicators of the prognosis in infantile idiopathic scoliosis (IIS). The following components were investigated in a retrospective study of 169 children with IIS: (1) convex rib-vertebra angle (RVA); (2) concave RVA; (3) RVAD; (4) initial spinal curve angle; and (5) age at diagnosis. The convex RVA, but not the concave RVA, was found to correlate significantly with the initial spinal curve angle. This is consistent with the hypothesis that factors that determine spinal curve progression in IIS are related to those that lead to drooping of the ribs on the convexity of the thoracic spinal curve. In terms of prognosis, the convex RVA, which entailed one measurement, was as accurate as the RVAD, which entailed two measurements and a calculation. A convex RVA of less than 68 degrees on the initial radiograph usually indicates that a spinal curve will progress.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1981

Juvenile idiopathic scoliosis.

A series of 98 patients with juvenile idiopathic scoliosis have been analysed. This showed that between the ages of four and six there was a higher incidence in boys whereas between seven and nine years of age, the proportion of girls was higher. Regardless of sex and age the majority of the curves were convex to the right and the single thoracic curve was the commonest pattern. Spontaneous resolution occurred in seven patients: in four the curves resolved within two years; in the three others the curves resolved in three, four and five years respectively. Forty-four per cent of all patients were managed conservatively and in 56 per cent spinal fusion was carried out.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Pseudoarthrosis after spinal fusion for scoliosis.

A series of 246 patients with scoliosis and attempted fusion had exploration performed six months later in order to detect and treat any pseudarthrosis at an early stage and so prevent subsequent loss of correction. Bilateral or unilateral pseudarthroses occurred in 25 per cent and were of three types--definite, hairline and doubtful. Single unilateral pseudarthroses accounted for 6 per cent and were of little if any clinical significance. The hairline pseudarthroses could not be seen radiologically and were easily missed at exploration. In general the pseudarthroses were least common in the more rigid parts of the spine and in curves which by nature of their aetiology or long duration had become most rigid. Neither the initial severity of the curve nor the degree of correction obtained before the initial attempted fusion had any apparent effect on the incidence. Follow-up for an average of four years has shown that a pseudarthrosis is of little significance with regard to the ultimate result provided it is recognised early and repaired.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Surgical training.

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Education, Medical, Graduate↗
PubMed1975

The management of infants with scoliosis.

This is a study of children who first attended as infants with either progressive infantile idiopathic scoliosis or congenital scoliosis. All had a pattern of scoliosis in which early and damaging deterioration is inevitable. The infants were treated from before the age of three, initially by plaster casts and then a Milwaukee brace, followed at about the age of ten by correction and fusion. The cases were then observed to the end of growth or near that point. In the main study there were twelve cases, six of progressive infantile idiopathic scoliosis and six of congenital scoliosis, which were followed through this long period. Only one of the twelve had a curve worse at the end of growth compared with the initial radiograph as an infant; this one curve had increased only 16 degrees in almost as many years. Although small, the series does show that it is nearly always possible to control even the most serious scoliosis in an infant, if it is tackled early and unremittingly. There are supportive studies of children who have partially completed this regime, and interim results in a newer group of children with spina bifida and scoliosis.

Braces↗