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Biomedical subjects

J Idiaquez

Publications and source records attributed to J Idiaquez.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Postprandial hypotension in Alzheimer's disease.

The degree of postprandial hypotension in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not known. We therefore studied ten AD patients and 23 controls before and after a meal. Seven AD patients but only six controls showed a fall in blood pressure (BP) of 20 mmHg or more. Maximum BP fall in AD patients was observed between 20 and 120 min after food ingestion. This differed from the time course in other groups with primary chronic autonomic failure. Postural hypotension occurred in two controls, but not in AD patients. Abnormalities in cardiac vasomotor regulation, gut peptide liberation or both could be responsible for postprandial hypotension in AD.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Parasympathetic denervation of the iris in Chagas' disease.

The parasympathetic innervation of the iris along with cardiovascular reflexes involving parasympathetic and sympathetic function were studied in 45 patients with Chagas's disease and in 36 controls. The autonomic features in Chagas' disease included 15 with cardiomyopathy, three with megaoesophagus and five with megacolon. None of the patients had orthostatic hypotension. Parasympathetic cardiac reflexes (deep breathing 30:15 ratio, Valsalva) were abnormal. There were exaggerated pupillary responses to dilute pilocarpine. These studies suggest iris parasympathetic denervation and favour more widespread cholinergic involvement in patients with Chagas' disease, than previously recognized.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Autonomic dysfunction in diphtheritic neuropathy.

Sympathetic and parasympathetic function and somatic nerve conduction were assessed in ten patients with diphtheritic neuropathy and 28 controls. None of the patients had postural hypotension. The Valsalva ratio was abnormal in two patients who also had myocarditis, but it was normal in five cases. Cardiac vagal dysfunction was found in five patients. One case showed cardiac parasympathetic denervation despite normal conduction velocity in the limbs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Differences in postural hypotension and ankle jerks in the elderly from two contrasting socio-economic levels.

Subjects in low socio-economic strata in underdeveloped countries are subjected to considerable adverse influences which may enhance age-related changes in the nervous system. We therefore assessed the presence of ankle jerks and the degree of postural hypotension in two groups, one from the upper socio-economic level (58 subjects) and the other from the lower socio-economic level (56 subjects). All subjects were over 65 years of age. Only 6% had bilateral loss of ankle jerks, with no difference between the groups. Postural hypotension of 30 mmHg or greater was more frequent in the upper socio-economic group, nine out of 58 versus two out of 56 in the lower group. We conclude that there is no relationship in the elderly between social deprivation and certain markers of neurological dysfunction, such as the absence of ankle jerks and postural hypotension. The reasons for a greater frequency of postural hypotension in the higher socio-economic group are unclear.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Type of diabetic sensory neuropathy and autonomic involvement.

Thirty controls and 39 diabetic patients were studied by means of nerve conduction and autonomic tests. Standing by lying (S/L) heart rate ratio was done to test cardiac vagal function. The fall of systolic blood pressure (BP) from lying to standing (greater than or equal to 30 mmHg) was done to test sympathetic function. In 30 controls the S/L ratio was 1.28 (SD 0.1), and none of them had BP fall. In 10 diabetic patients without clinical neuropathy, S/L ratio was 1.28 (SD 0.01) and BP fall was not present. In 8 diabetic patients (with predominantly large fibre type), S/L ratio was 1.0 (SD 0.0) and the BP fall was not present. In 7 diabetic patients (with predominantly small fibre type), S/L ratio was 1.07 (SD 0.05) and 2 patients had BP fall. In 14 diabetic patients with mixed large and small fibre type, S/L ratio was 1.02 (SD 0.04) and 8 patients had BP fall. Sympathetic dysfunction is related to the type of sensory neuropathy. Vagal function is not related to any specific type, but it is related to the presence of polyneuropathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nutritional status and autonomic nervous system function.

Autonomic function was studied in 20 undernourished subjects without medical or neurologic disease (aged 20 to 66 years, mean age 36) and compared to 30 well nourished subjects (age 20 to 65 years, mean age 40). Anthropometric measurements were performed (height, weight, triceps skinfold thickness, arm muscle circumference). The Valsalva manoeuvre and the immediate heart rate response to lying down test (S/L) were performed to study autonomic functions. The Valsalva ratio was 1.56 +/- 0.29 for controls and 1.66 +/- 0.34 for undernourished subjects (p greater than 0.1). The S/L ratio showed a significant difference (p less than 0.001) between controls (1.278 +/- 0.13) and undernourished subjects (1.06 +/- 0.07).

Adult↗