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Biomedical subjects

J Iida

Publications and source records attributed to J Iida.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Prophylactic activity against Sendai virus infection and macrophage activation with lipophilic derivatives of N-acetylglucosaminylmuramyl tri- or tetrapeptides.

The efficacy of N-acetylglucosaminyl-beta (1----4)-N-acetylmuramyl tri- or tetrapeptides (GM) and the lipophilic derivatives for host augmentation against Sendai virus infection and for macrophage activation in vitro was examined. The anti-infectious activities of GM derivatives were shown to increase with the chain length of the fatty acid combined with the diaminopimelyl group. When the macrophages were activated with 1 U ml-1 murine interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) and 0.001 microgram ml-1 GM derivatives, the cytocidal ability of macrophages depended on the length of the side chain, and exhibited a positive relationship with the anti-infectious activity of GM derivatives against Sendai virus infection. These results indicated that the increment of lipophilicity of GM derivatives would play an important role in the anti-infectious activity and macrophage activation in vitro.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

Protective activity of recombinant cytokines against Sendai virus and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections in mice.

The efficacy of recombinant cytokines such as murine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), mouse granulocytic-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and human interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) has been examined for augmentation of host resistance against Sendai virus and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. All four cytokines were found to protect mice against Sendai virus infection. IFN-gamma afforded protection when administered intranasally but not intravenously several days before the infection. Intranasal administration of G-CSF one day before the infection was the most effective administration route and timing. Intranasal administration of GM-CSF was found to afford protection 1 or 3 days before the infection. IL-1 beta demonstrated therapeutic activity against Sendai virus infection after intranasal administration on the same day as the infection. When each of the cytokines was administered subcutaneously four times daily into cyclophosphamide-treated mice before intravenous infection with HSV, only GM-CSF revealed any protective activity.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1989

Antimetastatic effects of synthetic polypeptides containing repeated structures of the cell adhesive Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) and Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg (YIGSR) sequences.

We have investigated the inhibitory effect on experimental or spontaneous lung metastases of polypeptides which contain repetitive structures of the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) or Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg (YIGSR) sequence derived from adhesion molecules, and studied their biological characterisation after administration. In the spontaneous metastasis model, multiple intravenous (i.v.) administrations of poly (RGD) and poly (YIGSR) resulted in a reduction of lung tumour colonies, although the monomer peptides, RGD or YIGSR, had no effect under these conditions. The treatment with poly(RGD) substantially prolonged the survival time for mice injected i.v. with B16-BL6 cells as compared to the treatment with RGD and random poly(R, G, D). Tumour cell adhesion to the fibronectin-substrates was remarkably inhibited by adding poly(RGD) freely in solution. Poly(RGD) was found to inhibit completely the ability of platelets to enhance tumour cell adhesion to fibronectin-substrate and tumour cell-elicited platelet aggregation in vitro, but poly(R, G, D) had no such effect. We also found that poly(RGD) led to a decrease in the arrest and retention of tumour cells after its co-injection with radiolabelled tumour cells and that the radiolabelled polypeptide can be at least decomposed into small fragments during circulation. Poly(RGD) was found to be still active in inhibiting experimental lung metastasis even when the contributions of NK cells or macrophages were removed from this system after pretreatment with anti-asialo GM1 serum, 2-chloroadenosine or carrageenan. The results indicate that the poly(RGD)-mediated inhibition of tumour metastasis may be due to the interference of the adhesive interaction of tumour cells with a specific site in the target organs. Derivatives of polypeptides which contain RGD and/or YIGSR sequences derived from cell adhesion proteins may thus provide a promising approach for the control and prevention of cancer metastasis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

The current situation in regard to the delusion of possession in Japan.

A study of possession was made on 1,029 inpatients (male 562, female 467) in Japanese mental hospitals. The results were: (1) The incidence of delusion of possession in the sample was 20.7% for the sample as a whole. (2) As to the contents of delusion of possession, possession by a god was most common. In regard to the difference between the sexes, females were significantly more likely to be possessed by a god than were males. (3) As to the difference between the possession group and the non-possession group, religion, fortuneteller contact, age and diagnosis were significant. (4) As to the characteristics by district in regard to the incidence of delusion of possession, cases of possession were very few in Tokyo and many in Okinawa.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Retinotectal and tectopontine projection in the guinea pig: experimental, anatomical and electrophysiological study].

The collicular organization of mammals such as the rabbit, cat, and monkey have been well studied. However, little anatomical or physiological information about the guinea pig has been available. Consequently, the author studied the descending and ascending projections of the superior colliculus in the guinea pig by using both anterograde horseradish peroxidase conjugated with wheatgerm agglutinin (WGA-HRP) tracing and electrophysiological techniques, and the following results were obtained. 1. Evoked potentials were recorded from the superior colliculus contralateral to the site of photic stimulation of the retina. Recordings from the superficial layer of the superior colliculus displayed negative waves, whereas recording from the deeper layer displayed positive waves. 2. After intraocular injection of WGA-HRP, anterograde labels were observed in the stratum griseum superficiale and stratum opticum of the superior colliculus contralateral to the injection site. 3. Eye movements with deviation toward the upward or contralateral side were elicited by electrical stimulation in the intermediate layer of the superior colliculus. 4. After injection of WGA-HRP into the superior colliculus, transported labels were observed in the dorsolateral basilar pons ipsilateral to the injection site, and the paramedian pontine reticular formation contralateral to the injection site. These studies suggested that the pathway through the superior colliculus observed in the guinea pig is similar to that in other mammals. However, some differences may exist with respect to the processing of light signals and the mechanism causing eye movement.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1988

Immunological activities of multiprenylacetyl derivatives of muramyldipeptides.

The immunological properties of six kinds of multiprenylacetic acids and six kinds of multiprenylacetyl muramyldipeptide (MDP) derivatives were examined by using experimental models in mice and guinea-pigs. All the multiprenylacetyl MDP derivatives, particularly TMD-232, showed potent adjuvant activity on the circulating antibody formation against bacterial alpha-amylase in mice, and induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity to monoazobenzenearsonate N-acetyl-L-tyrosine in guinea-pigs. All multiprenylacetic acid preparations tested in this study, however, showed no adjuvant activity in these immune systems. Both TMD-17 and TMD-232 entrapped into multilamellar vesicles showed potent host stimulation activity against Sendai virus infection in mice.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1988

Induction of tumoricidal macrophages and production of cytokines by synthetic muramyl dipeptide analogues.

The ability of various synthetic muramyl dipeptide (MDP) derivatives to induce the production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and colony stimulating factor (CSF) in vitro and in vivo and to induce cytotoxic macrophages was studied. 6-O-L18-MDP(Me) and MDP-Lys(L18), which were potent inducers of IL-1 and CSF production and of cytotoxic macrophages, had protective activity against Sendai virus infection in mice. In contrast, 1-O-L18-(6-O-P)-MDP(Me) and 2-N-L18-MDP exhibited weak or no ability to induce IL-1 and CSF production and no induction of tumoricidal macrophages, and did not protect against infection of Sendai virus. MDP derivatives, except 2-N-L18-MDP, efficiently rendered macrophages cytotoxic against target cells in the presence of murine recombinant interferon-gamma in vitro. The derivatives that induced cytokines and cytotoxic macrophages appeared to produce anti-viral activity.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1987

Stimulation of non-specific host resistance against Sendai virus and Escherichia coli infections by chitin derivatives in mice.

The efficacy of chitin derivatives on non-specific host resistance to Sendai virus and Escherichia coli infections was studied in mice. Seventy percent deacetylated chitin (DAC-70) and N-trimethylated DAC-70 [DAC-70(Me)3] showed protective activity against Sendai virus infection; however, carboxymethyl-chitin (CM-chitin) did not. DAC-70 also showed protective activity against E. coli infection.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1987

Suppression of Sendai virus growth by treatment with N alpha-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl-N epsilon-stearoyl-L-lysine in mice.

Mice that received N alpha-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl-N epsilon-stearoyl-L-lysine [MDP-Lys (L18)] were resistant to Sendai virus infection. In these protected mice, a significant growth inhibition of the virus was confirmed repeatedly at 10(0.2) to 10(0.4) of haemadsorbing units at an early non-specific phase but not at a late virus-eliminating phase of the infection. Virus growth was enhanced by treatment with silica but not by treatment with anti-asialo GM1 serum in MDP-Lys (L18)-treated mice. Peritoneal adherent cells activated by MDP-Lys(L18) showed an enhanced uptake and ability to inactivate Sendai virus in vitro. Excess interferon production in MDP-Lys (L18)-treated mice was seen on day 1 but not on days 2 to 7 of the infection. The possible role of macrophages and interferon in providing non-specific protection against Sendai virus in the MDP-Lys (L18)-treated mice is discussed.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1986

Adjuvant and antitumour activities of synthetic lipid A analogues.

The biological activities of synthetic glycolipids, which were chemically synthesized and based on the structure of lipid A of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli, were examined with special reference to their adjuvant activity on the induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity, activity on the induction of tumour necrotic factor (TNF) and tumour regressive activity on line 10 hepatoma in strain 2 guinea pigs. Among them, a compound structurally corresponding to free E. coli lipid A (compound 506) as well as LPS exhibited potent adjuvant activity in the induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity in guinea pigs and TNF inducing activity in the sera of mice which were presensitized with Propionibacterium acnes. Compound 506 showed potent lethal toxicity in the intravenous administration of BALB/c mice presensitized with P. acnes. The regressive activity on line 10 hepatoma was observed by the multiple intralesional injection of squalane-treated compounds 504 and 505 in strain 2 guinea pigs.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1985

Structural studies on the linkage unit between poly(N-acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate) and peptidoglycan in cell walls of Bacillus pumilus AHU 1650.

Structural studies were carried out on the polymer chains and their linkage regions in two kinds of teichoic acids, poly(N-acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate) [poly(GlcNAc-1-P)] and glycerol teichoic acid, bound to peptidoglycan in the cell walls of Bacillus pumilus AHU 1650. The poly(GlcNAc-1-P)-glycan complex isolated from lysozyme digests of the cell walls contained mannosamine and glycerol as minor components. On the basis of proton NMR spectroscopic data and isolation of N-acetylglucosamine 4-phosphate from acid hydrolysates, the poly(GlcNAc-1-P) was shown to be a polymer in which N-acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate units are joined at C-4 of the glucosamine residues. Mild alkaline hydrolysis of the poly(GlcNAc-1-P)-glycan complex gave a mannosamine-linked glycan fragment and the acidic polymer fraction that contained glycerol residues. Mild acid treatment of the mannosamine-linked glycan fragment gave the linkage disaccharide, ManNAc(beta 1----4)GlcNAc, whereas the acidic polymer fraction was degraded by this treatment into N-acetylglucosamine 4-phosphate and a glycerol-containing fragment characterized as P-(Gro-P)7 (Gro = glycerol). On the other hand, direct mild acid hydrolysis of the complex gave a fragment characterized as P-(Gro-P)7-ManNAc(beta 1----4)GlcNAc. These results lead to a conclusion that in the cell walls the poly(GlcNAc-1-P) chain is attached to peptidoglycan through a linkage unit, (Gro-P)7-ManNAc(beta 1----4)GlcNAc. By means of similar procedures, it was shown that the other cell wall polymer, glycerol teichoic acid, is also attached to peptidoglycan through the same disaccharide, ManNAc(beta 1----4)GlcNAc.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed1985

Effect of muramyl dipeptide and its stearoyl derivatives on resistance to Sendai virus infection in mice.

The efficacy of N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP), 6-O-stearoyl-MDP (L18-MDP), N alpha-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl-N epsilon-stearoyl-L-lysine (MDP-Lys-L18) and N-stearoylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (2N-L18-MDP) for augmenting host-resistance to viral infection was examined in Sendai virus infected mice. L18-MDP and MDP-Lys-L18 augmented the non-specific host-resistance to infection with Sendai virus. MDP showed a slight enhancement of host-resistance to this infection but 2N-L18-MDP was ineffective. The protective effect of MDP-Lys-L18 was seen only when the drug was administered a few days before the virus challenge. The intranasal administration of MDP-Lys-L18 was effective at 1 microgram but only slight activity was observed in mice treated intravenously or intraperitoneally even at the 100 microgram dose level. MDP-Lys-L18 treatment preceding infection augmented interferon production in the lung of the mice but MDP-Lys-L18 treatment alone induced no interferon.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1985

Macrophage activation with pantethine and pantetheine-4'-phosphate.

Adjuvant activities of pantethine (PaSS) and pantetheine-4'-phosphate (PSH-4'-P) were investigated in mice. By the multiple intraperitoneal administration, both PaSS and PSH-4'-P activated the functions of mouse peritoneal adherent cells and splenic natural killer cells. PSH-4'-P was also effective for the activation of natural killer cells by single injection. In in vitro, PaSS induced interleukin-1 (IL-1) secretion at a low concentration but PSH-4'-P did not. Both PaSS and PSH-4'-P could neither induce interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion, nor could enhance IL-2 secretion by Con A.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Decrease of ACh response in isolated duodenum from SART stressed (repeated cold stressed) mice (author's transl)].

ACh response in the isolated duodenum from SART stressed (repeated cold stressed) mice was remarkably decreased in comparison to normal mice 5 days after onset of loading SART stress, and maximal contraction in SART stress mice duodenum was about 37% of that in non-stressed mice. Pilocarpine and KCl responses were also considerably decreased, but BaCl2 response was much the same as in the controls. Thus, the contraction system of the muscle is apparently not damaged by SART stress. Though body weights decreased, the daily intake of food incressed in SART stressed mice. Length of small intestine from SART stressed mice was much the same as in controls, but wet weights of small intestines were larger than in controls. Autonomic agonists, antagonists, tranquilizers and other drugs were given intraperitoneally to mice once daily during SART stress, and the ACh responses in the isolated duodenum were investigated. Pretreatment with adrenergic and anticholinergic drugs inhibited the decrease of ACh response, but antiadrenergic and cholinergic drugs had no effects. Pretreatment with tranquilizers such as reserpine, chlorpromazine, carpipramine and imipramine inhibited the decrease of ACh response in the isolated duodenum, but diazepam, meprobamate and benadryl had no influence. Pretreatment of neurotropin, a neurosedative had good inhibitory effects. Our results suggest that SART stressed mice may be in a state of unbalance regarding sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, particularly with regard to abnormal tension in the parasympathetic nervous system, in part of duodenum. Pretreatment with most of the above drugs had no influence on loss of body weight in SART stressed mice while pretreatment with neurotropin inhibited body weight to a considerable extent.

Acetylcholine↗