[Motor neuropathy associated with autoantibodies].
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Autoantibodies↗
Biomedical subjects
J Ikeda
Publications and source records attributed to J Ikeda.
[Motor neuron disease with autoantibodies].
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Autoantibodies↗
Differential expression of alpha 1, alpha 3 and alpha 5 integrin subunits in acute and chronic stages of myocardial infarction in rats.
OBJECTIVE: Anchoring cardiac myocytes to extracellular matrix, which is mediated mainly by integrins on their surfaces, is important for maintaining the architecture of myocardial tissues and transmitting mechanical force. We evaluated the expression of alpha integrin subunits on myocytes and the accumulation of interstitial collagen and fibronectin at acute and chronic stages after myocardial infarction. METHODS: Myocardial infarction was induced by ligation of left coronary arteries in rats. The expression of alpha 1, alpha 3 and alpha 5 integrin subunits, and accumulation of collagen and fibronectin were analyzed with immunohistochemistry or sirius-red staining. RESULTS: In hearts without infarction, moderate expression of the alpha 3 subunit and only slight expression of the alpha 5 subunit were observed on myocytes. In the first week after infarction, the alpha 1 subunit, collagen and fibronectin were increased only in the peri-infarcted area, while the alpha 5 subunit was increased both in peri-infarcted and non-infarcted areas. At day 42, the expression of the alpha 1 subunit and collagen were still increased, although the alpha 5 subunit and fibronectin were decreased. The expression of the alpha 3 subunit was not altered throughout the experimental period. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that integrin subunits play an important role in healing and remodeling processes after myocardial infarction.
Animals↗
Preirradiation evaluation and technical assessment of involved-field radiotherapy using computed tomographic (CT) simulation and neoadjuvant chemotherapy for intracranial germinoma.
PURPOSE: To investigate the importance of preirradiation mental and endocrinological evaluation, and the effectiveness of involved-field radiotherapy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Following etoposide and cisplatin with or without ifosfamide, 13 patients with nondisseminated disease received involved-field irradiation of 24 Gy in 12 fractions within 3 weeks and 2 patients with disseminated germinoma received 24 Gy craniospinal irradiation (CSI). CT simulation was used to cover the tumor bed. RESULTS: Full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ) tests given at the time of the initial radiotherapy showed less than 90 in 7 of 11 patients who had tumors involving the neurohypophyseal region, but the 4 patients who had solitary pineal tumors showed higher scores. Panhypopituitarism was observed in 9 patients with tumors involving the neurohypophyseal region. All patients are alive without disease, with a median follow-up period of 40 months. No in-field relapse was noted after the involved-field radiotherapy. One patient experienced a recurrence outside of the planning target volume. CONCLUSION: Decline of neurocognitive and endocrine functions were often seen in patients with tumors involving the hypophyseal region, but not in patients with solitary pineal germinoma before radiotherapy. Involved-field radiotherapy using 24 Gy is effective with the help of CT simulation and neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Adolescent↗
CC chemokine receptors, CCR-1 and CCR-3, are potentially involved in antigen-presenting cell function of human peripheral blood monocyte-derived dendritic cells.
We examined the potential involvement of two CC chemokine receptors (CCRs), CCR-1 and CCR-3, in the functional activation of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plus interleukin-4 (IL-4)-generated human peripheral blood monocyte-derived immature dendritic cells (DCs). Flow cytometric analysis showed that CCR-1, CCR-3, CCR-5, and CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR)-4 were expressed on the cell surface of monocyte-derived DCs. Treatment with a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) to either CCR-1 or CCR-3 but not MoAbs to CCR-5 and CXCR-4 abolished chemotactic migration of monocyte-derived DCs. The DCs treated with either the anti-CCR-1 MoAb or anti-CCR-3 MoAb were less efficient than untreated DCs in proliferation of allogeneic T cells (TCs) and TC-derived secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). The homotypic aggregation of DCs and heterotypic aggregation of DCs with TCs were suppressed by the anti-CCR-1 MoAb or anti-CCR-3 MoAb. These results indicate that CCR-1 and CCR-3 specifically regulate interaction of TCs and DCs in the process of antigen presentation.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Effects of a new 12-lipoxygenase inhibitor, daphnodorin A, on angiotensin II-induced vascular contraction in hamster.
We studied whether lipoxygenase inhibition suppressed angiotensin II-induced vascular contraction. In the present study, we used a new 12-lipoxygenase inhibitor, daphnodorin A, and an analogue of daphnodorin A, daphnodorin B, which has no inhibitory effects on 12-lipoxygenase. Daphnodorin A at 30 microM and 100 microM significantly suppressed the contractile responses induced by angiotensin 11 (3 x 10(-8) M) in isolated hamster aorta, while daphnodorin B up to 100 microM did not affect the responses. These results suggest that daphnodorin A, but not daphnodorin B, may suppress angiotensin II-induced vascular contractile responses through the inhibition of 12-lipoxygenase.
Angiotensin II↗
Overexpression of insulin-like growth factor-I in hearts of rats with isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy.
Increased levels of plasma catecholamine lead to cardiac hypertrophy via the alpha-, beta-adrenergic receptors, and partially, type 1 angiotensin II (AT1) receptor. However, it remains unclear whether other factors are involved in catecholamine-induced cardiac hypertrophy. We investigated the expression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in hearts of male Wistar rats infused with a beta-adrenergic agent, isoproterenol (ISO) (3 mg/kg/day), with or without an AT1-receptor antagonist, TCV-116 (10 mg/kg/day). Cardiac myocytes became hypertrophied 1 day after the beginning of ISO administration. ISO induced a biphasic increase of cardiac myocytes positive for IGF-I protein in the early and late phases of the study period, whereas IGF-I gene expression was upregulated only in the late phase by ISO. TCV- 116 abolished the upregulation of IGF-I gene and protein expression in the late phase in association with the regression of cardiac hypertrophy. These results suggest that ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy is mediated, at least in part, by IGF-I, the expression of which is upregulated through the activation of AT1 receptor.
Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
Prevalence and risks of dementia in the Japanese population: RERF's adult health study Hiroshima subjects. Radiation Effects Research Foundation.
OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence rate of dementia and its subtypes in Japan and to investigate the relationship of risk factors, such as demographic features and disease history, to the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia. DESIGN: A prevalence study within a longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: The original Adult Health Study (AHS) cohort consisted of atomic-bomb survivors and their controls selected from residents in Hiroshima and Nagasaki using the 1950 national census supplementary schedules and the Atomic Bomb Survivors Survey. Since 1958, the AHS subjects have been followed through biennial medical examinations. PARTICIPANTS: Subjects were 637 men and 1585 women aged 60 years or older in the AHS cohort. Forty-eight subjects resided in hospitals and institutions. MEASUREMENTS: In addition to the biennial medical examinations ongoing since 1958, a screening test for cognitive impairment (CASI) was conducted by trained nurses between September 1992 and September 1996. The prevalence of dementia and its subtypes was assessed in 343 subjects suspected to have dementia and in 272 subjects with high CASI scores who were selected randomly. RESULTS: The prevalence of dementia based on DSM III/R criteria, using neurological examination, the IQCODE, and CDR > or = 1, was 7.2%. The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease was 2.0% in men and 3.8% in women, and the prevalence of vascular dementia was 2.0% in men and 1.8% in women. The relationship of risk factors to Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia was investigated by the multivariate logistic linear regression analysis. Odds ratios of Alzheimer's disease for age (in 10-year increments), attained education (in 3-year increments), history of head trauma, and history of cancer are 6.3, 0.6, 7.4, and 0.3, respectively. Odds ratios of vascular dementia for age, history of stroke, and history of hypertension are 2.0, 35.7, and 4.0, respectively. Neither type of dementia showed any significant effect of sex or radiation exposure. CONCLUSION: This study is the first study of Japanese dementia rates carried out with a protocol similar enough to that of a US study to allow meaningful comparisons. The prevalence rates demonstrated are more similar to US rates than were found in many previous reports in Japan.
Aged↗
Effects of a lipoxygenase inhibitor, panaxynol, on vascular contraction induced by angiotensin II.
We investigated whether a lipoxygenase inhibitor, panaxynol, affected the vascular contraction induced by angiotensin (Ang) II and the mean arterial pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Panaxynol suppressed dose-dependently the contractile responses induced by 30 nM Ang II in isolated intact and endothelial cell-denuded aorta in the hamster. IC50 values in the intact and endothelial cell-denuded aorta were 23 and 20 microM, respectively. In SHR, the mean arterial pressure after injection of 30 and 60 mg/kg panaxynol was reduced, and the maximum hypotensive values were 23 and 48 mmHg, respectively. Thus, lipoxygenase products may affect the renin-angiotensin system.
Alkynes↗
[CT diagnosis of hyperdense intracranial neoplasms: review of the literature].
In contrast to typical astrocytic tumors that show hypodense areas on computed tomographic images, some intracranial tumors show hyperdense areas on CT images. The major reasons for hyperdensity on CT images are hypercellular lesions, intratumoral calcification, and intratumoral hemorrhage. Malignant lymphomas, germinomas, and medulloblastomas show homogeneous hyperdensity on CT images because of their hypercellularity. Tumorous lesions such as subependymal giant cell astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, ependymomas, central neurocytomas, craniopharyngiomas, and meningiomas often present with hyperdense calcified lesions on CT images. Intratumoral hemorrhage also causes hyperdensity on CT images, and is often associated with metastatic brain tumors, glioblastomas, pituitary adenomas, and rarely with any of the other intracranial tumors. Although magnetic resonance imaging is now the major diagnostic tool for diseases of the central nervous system, the first imaging studies for patients with neurologic symptoms are still CT scans. Hyperdense areas on CT images are a clue to making an accurate diagnosis of intracranial neoplasms.
Adult↗
[A patient of myasthenia gravis complicated by lichen planus 9 years after thymectomy].
We report a 39-year-old woman with myasthenia gravis (MG) complicated by lichen planus, elevated liver enzymes of unknown cause and mucosal lesions of the colon and anus. Although the etiology of lichen planus is uncertain, an autoimmune abnormality is considered to be a possible cause. Lichen planus is sometimes associated with thymoma. This patient had hyperplasia of the thymus which was surgically removed nine years prior to lichen planus development. Myasthenic symptoms worsened when the lichen planus appeared and the liver enzymes were elevated. Steroid therapy was effective for the above symptoms. The clinical course suggests that MG, lichen planus and elevated liver enzymes in this patient results from common underlying autoimmune abnormality.
Adult↗
[The relation of consciousness of bone mineral density to the changes in daily dietary habits and daily behaviors].
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Adult↗
Nitric oxide modulates sympathetic control of left ventricular contraction in vivo in the dog.
Recently, evidence has been presented that nitric oxide (NO) modulates myocardial contraction induced by beta-adrenergic stimulation in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we investigated whether inhibition of the L-arginine NO system augments the positive inotropic response of the left ventricle to direct stimulation of the sympathetic nerves in vivo in the dog. Electrical stimulation was applied to the left stellate ganglion (LSG) for 1 min at submaximal (5 V, 2.5, 5 and 10 Hz) and supramaximal intensities (10 V, 10 Hz) in twelve anesthetized and vagotomized dogs. Next, in the same dogs, N(omega)-nitro L-arginine methylester (L-NAME) was infused into the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery, and LSG stimulation repeated using the same protocol. Finally, L-arginine was infused into the LAD artery, and LSG stimulation repeated. We used the maximum of the first derivative of left ventricular pressure (LV max d P/dt) as an index of the myocardial contractility. Plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations were measured in the coronary sinus at 5 V, 2.5 Hz before and after L-NAME treatment in five of twelve dogs. L-NAME treatment significantly augmented the inotropic response of the left ventricle (percent change in the LV max dP/dt) to LSG submaximal stimulation trains from 164 +/- 13 to.212 +/- 21 (P < 0.03), from 187 +/- 15 to 234 +/- 25 (P < 0.05) and from 220 +/- 19 to 280 +/- 33% (P < 0.05), respectively. This response was reversed by L-arginine treatment. However, the inotropic response to the supramaximal stimulation train did not change after L-NAME and L-arginine treatment. L-NAME significantly increased plasma norepinephrine concentration from 0.69 +/- 0.41 to 1.00 +/- 0.52 ng/ml without changing plasma epinephrine concentration in the coronary sinus. It is concluded that the inhibition of the L-arginine NO system augmented the positive inotropic effect on the left ventricle during sympathetic nerve stimulation in normal dogs in vivo.
Animals↗
Metachronous neurohypophyseal germinoma occurring 8 years after total resection of pineal mature teratoma.
BACKGROUND: Metachronous germ cell tumor in the central nervous system is extremely rare. To our knowledge, only one patient presenting conceivable metachronous intracranial germ cell tumor has been reported. CASE REPORT: A neurohypophyseal germinoma occurring 8 years after total resection of a pineal mature teratoma is presented. The patient underwent total resection of a large pineal mass in 1987. Histologic investigation revealed a mature teratoma without any immature or germinomatous components. In 1995, he developed diabetes insipidus. Magnetic resonance imaging depicted an intrasellar mass extending to the floor of the third ventricle. A transsphenoidal biopsy revealed histologically pure germinoma. CONCLUSION: The second neurohypophyseal germinoma was considered to be a de novo metachronous neoplasm rather than a recurrence of the original mature teratoma.
Adolescent↗
Germ cell tumours of the central nervous system: treatment consideration based on 111 cases and their long-term clinical outcomes.
Germ cell tumours (GCTs) of the central nervous system (CNS) encompass various histological subtypes, and their optimal management has been the subject of debate. To indicate a better management strategy for each subtype, we analysed the records of 111 patients (median age 14 years), who underwent treatment since 1970. With a median follow-up duration of 86 months, the probability of surviving 5 years was: 96% for pure germinoma patients, 100% for mature teratoma, 67% for immature teratoma and 69% immature teratoma mixed with germinoma. The probability of cause-specific progression of germinomas producing human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was higher than that of non-producing germinomas (P < 0.01). GCTs that included a highly malignant component, such as embryonal carcinoma or yolk sac tumour, exhibited a poor prognosis with 38% chance of 5-year survival. Late adverse effects of therapy included stroke, secondary malignancy and cognitive, endocrinological, auditory and visual dysfunctions. Of 85 survivors with a median follow-up period of 99 months, 58 patients needed hormone replacement therapy, 26 patients showed poor performance status and, to date, only 1 patient has fathered children. Because the outcomes varied widely for each subtype, the traditional categories, that is, germinoma and non-germinomatous GCT as an extrapolation from the gonadal GCTs, are not suitable for appropriately selecting therapeutic regimen for CNS GCTs.
Activities of Daily Living↗
Non-invasive estimation of human left ventricular end-diastolic pressure.
Sato et al. (Electronic Letters 32, 949-950, 1996) reported that one can obtain a non-invasive estimate of left ventricular (LV) pressure at around end-diastole in an isolated canine preparation. In this study we examined whether this method can be applied to humans. Using the method proposed by Kanai et al. (IEEE. Trans. UFFC, 43, 791-810,1996), we detected small amplitude LV vibration from an ultrasonic pulse Doppler signal reflected from the interventricular septum in five patients (44-63 y.o., male;4, female;1). We measured the oscillation frequency of the LV wall through the wavelet transform of small amplitude LV vibration, and calculated LV pressure at around end-diastole from the values of oscillation frequency, internal radius and wall thickness using Mirsky's equation. The estimated LV pressures at around end-diastole were similar to end-diastolic pressure measured directly by cardiac catheterization. These results show the possibility that this method allows for the non-invasive estimate of LV pressure at around end-diastole, and furthermore provides the basis for future clinical applicability of this technique.
Adult↗
Cisplatin/vincristine chemotherapy for hypothalamic/visual pathway astrocytomas in young children.
Hypothalamic/visual pathway astrocytomas in children are usually quiescent, but certain cases contain aggressive neoplasms that cause progressive neurological and visual deterioration. Radiotherapy is not recommended in young children because of its adverse effects later in life. This report describes the efficacy of a chemotherapeutic regimen. Four young children with hypothalamic/visual pathway astrocytoma, with a mean of 18 months of age at diagnosis, were treated with chemotherapy. Three patients had diencephalic syndrome at the disease's onset. Three patients with pilocytic astrocytoma were histologically verified, and another infant was clinically diagnosed. A combination chemotherapy using cisplatin and vincristine was administered in a total of 8 cycles in 3 children and 4 in one child. One patient who demonstrated renal insufficiency after 4 cycles of this regimen was treated with additional 4 cycles using carboplatin instead of cisplatin. The acute and subacute hematologic and otologic toxicities were mild, and a transient renal insufficiency in a child during chemotherapy improved. After chemotherapy, tumor regression was documented in 3 patients, and the disease was observed to be stable in one patient with an evidence of intratumoral necrosis on MRI. Three patients showed neurological and endocrinological improvements. These results suggest that this regimen is feasible in young children and may be useful as a first-line treatment for hypothalamic/visual pathway astrocytomas, which in turn may allow potentially deleterious irradiation on the maturing brain to be deferred until the disease progresses.
Antineoplastic Agents↗
Pineoblastoma presenting in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP): random association, FAP variant or Turcot syndrome?
Brain tumours which arise in combination with adenomatous polyposis are usually astrocytic tumours or medulloblastomas. An adult women with a pineoblastoma associated with familial adenomatous polyposis is presented. In regard to the neuro-epithelial origin of this tumour we propose that it should be included in the second category of brain tumour polyposis syndrome.
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗