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Biomedical subjects

J J Buchino

Publications and source records attributed to J J Buchino.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Orbital ganglioglioma arising from ectopic neural tissue.

PURPOSE: To report a case of neonatal orbital ganglioglioma originating from ectopic neural tissue. METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: An African-American male presented at birth with proptosis and expansion of the left orbit. A discrete soft-tissue mass was located inferolateral to the globe, which proved to be a ganglioglioma. CONCLUSION: The tumor is presumed to have originated from ectopic neural tissue in the orbit. Although infrequent, this tumor should be included in the differential diagnosis of neonatal orbital neoplasms.

Brain↗
PubMed1999

Pulmonary manifestations of rheumatic diseases.

The pulmonary manifestations of rheumatic diseases can vary substantially, both in severity and mechanism of injury. There is still relatively little experience with these conditions in the pediatric age group. Perhaps tissue diagnosis will help elucidate the pathophysiology involved and allow for the development of more specific treatment protocols.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1998

Thoracic splenosis.

Thoracic splenosis is rare, with fewer than two dozen reported cases. Patients uniformly have a history of splenectomy with combined abdominal and thoracic trauma. Clinical signs and symptoms are usually absent, and the condition is most often discovered on routine chest radiography. The interval between trauma and clinical discovery has ranged from 2.7 to 42 years. There is no documented benefit to removal of the splenic nodules unless the patient is symptomatic.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1998

Specimen collection and preparation in fine-needle aspirations in children.

Fine-needle aspiration is of proven benefit in the pediatric population. For the procedure to be of maximum benefit, several aspects unique to children and pediatric lesions must be taken into account. Based on the experience of approximately 2,500 fine-needle aspirations performed in children over a 17-year period, we discuss techniques pertaining to specimen collection and preparation, including adequate control of the patient and selective triage of aspirates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Sudden natural death in infants and young children.

This discussion will highlight common natural causes of sudden unexpected death in "healthy" infants and young children. Methods employed to render these diagnoses will be reviewed. Natural causes of sudden death found more commonly in adolescents and young adults will not be discussed.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1997

Wilms' tumor in an adult: a case report and review of the literature.

Wilms' tumor in an adult is extremely rare, with less than 250 cases reported in the world literature. Treatment guidelines for pediatric Wilms' tumor are well established; those for adults are not. This article presents the case of a 19-year-old male diagnosed with Wilms' tumor after complaints of hematuria. He was categorized as Stage IV after nephrectomy and received post-operative radiotherapy and chemotherapy consisting of Vincristine, Adriamycin, and Actinomycin-D. Two years later he was found to have metastases to brain and lungs. He was treated with radiotherapy and bone marrow transplantation, and died of septic shock. The literature regarding Wilms' tumor in adults is reviewed, and current therapy is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Open lung biopsy in pediatric patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Open lung biopsy has proven beneficial in the treatment of life-threatening pulmonary diseases. Its safety and efficacy in infants and children placed on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for severe respiratory failure is not known. The authors reviewed eight cases (4 neonates, 3 infants, 1 child) who underwent open lung biopsy while on ECMO. The primary diagnoses were pneumonia (4), lymphoma (1), primary pulmonary hypertension (1), and complex congenital heart disease (2). The patients underwent biopsy after they had been on ECMO an average of 9.6 days (range, 1 to 14 days). Biopsy results confirmed the clinical diagnosis in five patients, two of whom had irreversible alveolar destruction resulting in ECMO withdrawal. Three patients had pathological diagnoses, which resulted in major therapy revisions (1 fungal infection and 2 noninfectious lesions that required steroid treatment). The overall average duration of ECMO treatment was 16.3 days (range, 10 to 24 days). Three patients were weaned successfully from ECMO, but only one infant survived to discharge. One nonlethal bleeding complication occurred after biopsy. Open lung biopsy is well tolerated during ECMO. It accurately determines pulmonary pathology and provides valuable prognostic information. Earlier biopsy for patients whose diagnoses are uncertain or who are not responding to ECMO may improve the mortality rate for this high-risk group.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1996

A prototype Internet autopsy database. 1625 consecutive fetal and neonatal autopsy facesheets spanning 20 years.

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that cause-of-death statements can be generated by a computer algorithm from an autopsy database composed of diagnostic terms. DATA SOURCES: Over 49 000 autopsy facesheets contributed by over a dozen institutions were collected from a publicly accessible Internet autopsy database. This database is available at the following web site: http:@www.med.jhu.edu/pathology/iad.html STUDY SELECTION: To test the feasibility of creating and using a publicly available autopsy database, and to identify the technical and medicolegal problems that may arise with such a novel resource, a prototype study was designed by selecting autopsy facesheets from fetal and neonatal deaths. An algorithm was developed to determine the cause of death from the listing of anatomic diagnoses. DATA EXTRACTION: One thousand six hundred twenty-five fetal and neonatal autopsy facesheets were selected encompassing fetal and neonatal deaths occurring up to 28 days after birth. DATA SYNTHESIS: The algorithm determined causes of death from autopsy facesheet data in all cases. On review by an experienced pediatric pathologist, these automatically generated cause-of-death statements required no modification or only slight modification in over 90% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: A large multi-institutional autopsy database composed of demographic and diagnostic information has been deposited on the Internet. This information can be freely downloaded and used by any researcher without violating patient confidentiality. As a demonstration of one possible application of the database, fetal and neonatal autopsies generated cause-of-death statements using a computer algorithm. One can anticipate that the wealth of information contained in autopsy facesheets can be assembled into a database that will serve the public interest.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1994

Fine needle aspiration in the evaluation of children with lymphadenopathy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate fine needle aspiration of enlarged lymph nodes in children. DESIGN: Retrospective study of children who were referred for fine needle aspiration of a palpable lymph node that was of concern to their clinicians. SETTING: Large, urban, tertiary care pediatric hospital. SUBJECTS: One hundred nineteen patients (123 cases) aged 10 months through 21 years during the 30-month period from January 1990 to June 1992. RESULTS: Aspirated material in 13 cases (10.6%) was deemed inadequate for cytologic diagnosis. In the remaining 110 cases, five aspirates revealed malignancy: two patients had Hodgkin's disease, one had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, one had a leukemic infiltrate, and one had rhabdomyosarcoma. The findings in two cases were suspicious for malignancy, but the lymph nodes were found to be benign on excisional biopsy. No false-negative findings for malignancy were detected. The conditions of patients in the remaining 103 cases were diagnosed as a benign process, most commonly reactive lymphadenitis. Of 57 aspirates cultured, eight (14%) were positive for a microorganism. No significant complications were encountered in any of the 123 cases. CONCLUSION: Fine needle aspiration of enlarged lymph nodes in children is a safe, reliable (accuracy, 98%) procedure that often obviates the need for an excisional biopsy.

Adolescent↗