Biomedical subjects

J J Canik

Publications and source records attributed to J J Canik.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1993

Mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis of human skeletal remains: identification of remains from the Vietnam War.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence analysis of the control region of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome was used to identify human skeletal remains returned to the United States government by the Vietnamese government in 1984. The postmortem interval was thought to be 24 years at the time of testing, and the remains presumed to be an American service member. DNA typing methods using nuclear genomic DNA, HLA-DQ alpha and the variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) locus D1S80, were unsuccessful using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Amplification of a portion of the mtDNA control region was performed, and the resulting PCR product subjected to DNA sequence analysis. The DNA sequence generated from the skeletal remains was identical to the maternal reference sequence, as well as the sequence generated from two siblings (sisters). The sequence was unique when compared to more than 650 DNA sequences found both in the literature and provided by personal communications. The individual sequence polymorphisms were present in only 23 of the more than 1300 nucleotide positions analyzed. These results support the observation that in cases where conventional DNA typing is unavailable, mtDNA sequencing can be used for human remains identification.

Anthropology, Physical↗

PubMed1988

The medical investigation of airship accidents.

A review of the autopsy reports for 18 of 21 victims in 3 of the 4 nonrigid Navy airship accidents during the period 1955 to 1966 revealed that the patterns of injury, complicated by postcrash entrapment, immersion, or fire, are similar to the injuries observed in the low-speed, low-altitude crashes of rigid airships and of light aircraft. With the renewed interest in the development of airships for military purposes, there is a need for improved design related to crashworthiness and to aircrew habitability, safety, restraint, and egress in order to enhance the chance for survival in the event of an accident.

Accidents, Aviation↗

PubMed1987

Pulmonary function in sickle cell trait.

Pulmonary function abnormalities, which have been reported to occur in persons with sickle cell trait (hemoglobin AS), could intensify the hypoxic stimulus for the systemic formation of sickle cells at high altitude. We sought to determine whether pulmonary function abnormalities occur as a result of exposure to high altitudes in persons with hemoglobin AS. In a prospective study, 13 men with hemoglobin AS ("cases") and 13 controls (hemoglobin AA) matched by age, sex, and race were exposed to five to seven altitude simulations (ranging from 1524 to 7620 m [5000 to 25,000 ft]) in a hypobaric chamber. Measurements of diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco), forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, and forced midexpiratory flow were obtained before and after each exposure. Data before exposures did not differ statistically between cases and controls. Altitude had no systematic effect on DLco or spirometric values in cases compared with values in controls (p greater than 0.05). Individual declines in forced vital capacity or DLco of more than 10% occurred with similar frequency in both groups. Measurements made after the series of exposures showed no change from those made before. We conclude that short serial exposures to hypoxia at high altitudes does not acutely or cumulatively alter DLco or spirometric values in healthy, nonexercising persons with sickle cell trait.

Adult↗