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Biomedical subjects

J J Feldman

Publications and source records attributed to J J Feldman.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

The effects of changes in smoking habits on coronary heart disease mortality.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality declined by about 20 per cent between 1965 and 1976. During the same period there were substantial decreases in the proportion of adults who smoked based on data from the National Health Interview Survey (HIS). This study examines the extent to which changes in smoking can account for the decrease in CHD mortality for men and women aged 35-64 years. By applying US smoking levels (estimated from HIS) to data from four epidemiologic studies on the relative risk of CHD death by amount smoked, we obtain estimates of the portion of the decline in CHD mortality attributable to changes in smoking. Smoking changes among women were not generally consistent with declines in CHD mortality. For men, the estimated impact of smoking on CHD mortality varied considerably depending upon which study was used to estimate the relative risk by amount smoked.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Utilization of services for preventable disease: a case study of dental care in a southern rural area of the United States.

The use made of dental services, both preventive and symptomatic, was explored in a small rural southern community in North Carolina as part of a case study illustrative of southern rural patterns of utilization of elective health services. The target population of 1689 persons in 545 households was interviewed in a household survey and in each of four follow-up panel visits over a period of one year--1974--75. Though overall utilization of dental services was low and preventive dental services even lower in both blacks and whites, blacks were at a considerable disadvantage. Unlike whites, increasing education did not increase use of services in blacks; also, unlike whites, black mothers' preventive behaviour was not associated with increased dental preventive behaviour in their children. In addition to barriers to care suffered by the poor, blacks in the south still have additional barriers to overcome: Established patterns of practice are slow to change even when legal and financial barriers are lowered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

A comparison of 1960 and 1973--1974 early neonatal mortality in selected states.

Linked birth and infant death records from six states provided the opportunity for comparison of 1960 and 1973--1974 early neonatal mortality rates by weight, maternal age and live birth order. The data were analyzed by fitting linear models to the logarithm of the ratio of 1960 to 1973--1974 early neonatal mortality rates. Although there was substantial variability in these ratios by maternal age and birth order, the ratios were nearly constant for birth weights between 1001 and 4500 gm. The decline in mortality among low birth weight infants (2500 gm or less) accounted for over half of the overall decline in early neonatal mortality. The results obtained here are compared with earlier national studies and possible explanations for the decline are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Distribution of illnesses and its implications in a rural community.

This study is a continuation of a series of reports on the utilization of health care services in a southern rural community. In this investigation the distribution of the utilization of medical care services is assessed with respect to reported illnesses and related disabilities. It is found that whites report significantly more illnesses, disabilities and physicians visits than blacks. Furthermore, even when controlling for disability and illness, whites use more physician services than blacks. The differential in utilization may be due to varying interpretations of the survey questions possibly reflecting different cultures and lifestyles and/or dissimilar expectations of the health care system in blacks having experienced greater barriers to access in the past.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The medial gastrocnemius myocutaneous flap.

Our experience with the medial gastrocnemius myocutaneous flap is presented. We have found it to be a reliable flap which can be transferred in one stage to solve difficult coverage problems about the knee and upper leg.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Access to health care in a southern rural community.

This case study of utilization of health care services in a rural southern community is the first of a series of reports dealing with access to care in this community. The most striking findings were the low utilization of physician and dental services compared with national standards (particularly by the black population) and the infrequent use of private physicians by blacks. Possible explanations for these findings are the short time interval since integration of services after Medicare and Medicaid legislation, the short supply of primary care physicians, especially black, in this community, and the reluctance of white physicians to accept Medicaid patients. We postulate that while employment and social mobility have improved greatly for blacks, established methods of medical and dental practice have changed slowly.

Adolescent↗