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Biomedical subjects

J J Godfrey

Publications and source records attributed to J J Godfrey.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Injuries of the spine sustained during gymnastic activities.

Between 1954 and 1984, 38 patients were seen as a result of gymnastic activities. Thirty three were men, five were women, and their ages ranged from 12 to 54, the mean age being 20. Thirty one had spinal injuries (28 in the cervical region, three in the thoracolumbar region), two no definite injury, and for five the information was incomplete. The accidents occurred largely because gymnasts landed on their heads, the force being transmitted to the cervical spine. Most took place in gymnasiums and were caused by a failure of supervision.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1986

Trampolining injuries of the spine.

Between 1963 and 1978 16 patients were seen as a result of trampolining accidents; 15 had spinal injuries in the lower cervical region, resulting in severe paralysis. Their ages ranged from 10 to 43; 13 were male and the mean age was 21. There were six schoolboys. The factors causing the injuries were analysed. In almost all cases injury was due to failure of supervision and it was not recognized initially that the trampoline is an extremely dangerous piece of equipment that can project people up to 9 m (30 ft) in the air. The accidents occurred as a result of people landing on their heads. The recommendations to make this sport safer are discussed.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1981

Discrimination of the "tempo of frequency change" cue.

The results of identification and two oddity discrimination tests with a stop versus glide continuum are presented. When the oddity method is combined with "Facilitation," i.e., by repeating one of the stimulus tokens ten times before each oddity triad, discrimination is considerably improved. The shape of the resulting discrimination function suggests a possible psychoacoustic basis in terms of relative duration differences.

Cues↗
PubMed1980

Perception of synthetic speech sounds by hearing-impaired listeners.

Volunteers (7 men, 8 women) with mild to severe hearing losses listened by monaural earphone to 5 series of computer-synthesized speech syllables, and identified each token. Presentation level 30 db SL. The 5 series consisted of (a, b) steady-state vowels varying from to [o] and from [o] to [a], (c,d) CV syllables varying from [ba] to [wa], and from [da] to [ya], differing in the rate of formant transitions at onset, and (e) CV syllables varying from [ba] to [da] differing in both direction and extent of formant transitions from locus to vowel. All hearing-impaired Ss categorized the vowels essentially the same as normal control Ss; some had difficulty identifying the stop vs glide series, and all but 2 were unable to identify the [b-d] series normally. A few impaired Ss improved at a presentation level close to tolerable limits. Results imply a "hierarchy of difficulty" based on the nature of the spectral cue in different speech sound types.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Reliability of performance for dichotic listening using two response modes.

Stop consonant-vowel syllables were presented dichotically to eight normal-hearing adult females over eight weekly sessions under two response conditions: a two-choice forced mode and a one-choice preferred mode. Total number of correct responses and right-ear advantage did not vary significantly across sessions for either response mode. Ear laterality, measured using percent of error, did not vary between response modes. Substantial differences were found between subjects in accuracy and ear laterality, but individuals tended to perform consistently across sessions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparative trial of co-trimoxazole and chloramphenicol in thyphoid and paratyphoid fever.

A comparative trial of co-trimoxazole and chloramphenicol was carried out on 91 patients, 57 having typhoid fever and 34 cases having paratyphoid fever. Co-trimoxazole is an effective drug in the treatment of enteric fevers with respect to clinical cure, absence of relapses and the mild nature of short term toxic drug effects. Unlike some of the earlier reports, treatment failure or non-responsiveness to the drug occurred in just under 10 per cent of the cases and would constitute a drawback of therapy with co-trimoxazole. This feature was not observed in the patients receiving chloramphenicol. The excretion of Salmonellae after drug therapy was more common with chloramphenicol than with co-trimoxazole, again indicating the value of the latter drug in the treatment of enteric fevers.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Perception of rapid spectral change in speech by listeners with mild and moderate sensorineural hearing loss.

An experimental method is described for assessing the effect of sensorineural hearing impairment on the perception of particular speech cues. Stimuli consisted of synthetic consonant-vowel syllables, varying along a continuum in the duration of initial formant transitions, such that the shorter stimuli sounded like [bepsilon], and the longer ones sounded like [Wepsilon]. Subjects with mild and moderate hearing losses were asked to identify the stimuli, and their performance was compared to that of normal-hearing listeners. Observed differences suggest that categorizing these sounds as stops versus glides is especially difficult for some impaired listeners. This difficulty is shown to be specific to the "rapid spectral change" cue, independent of frequency content or intensity level. The importance of this finding with respect to categorical perception and the implications for further tests of impairment for speech are discussed briefly.

Acoustics↗