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Biomedical subjects

J J Hollerman

Publications and source records attributed to J J Hollerman.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Gunshot wounds: 1. Bullets, ballistics, and mechanisms of injury.

The nature and severity of a bullet wound depend on the characteristics of the bullet and of the tissues through which it travels. In addition to the mass and velocity of the bullet, its orientation and whether it fragments or deforms affect the nature of the wound. Two major mechanisms of wounding are described: crushing and stretching of tissue. Understanding the mechanisms by which bullets disrupt tissue can help physicians to evaluate and treat wounds.

Firearms↗
PubMed1990

Gunshot wounds: 2. Radiology.

Radiologists can contribute substantially to the evaluation and treatment of the patient with a gunshot wound. Plain films, CT, angiography, and sometimes MR imaging are used to localize the missile, determine what path it followed in the body, assess missile and bone fragmentation, and identify missile emboli. If the peritoneal cavity was entered by a bullet, a laparotomy is required. Missiles subject to magnetic forces can complicate MR imaging. Certain locations of missile fragments predispose to lead poisoning or lead arthropathy. Angiography is useful for both diagnosis and treatment. Both angiographic hemostasis and percutaneous foreign body removal may be used.

Angiography↗
PubMed1989

Incidence and diagnosis of C7-T1 fractures and subluxations in multiple-trauma patients: evaluation of the advanced trauma life support guidelines.

A 5-year retrospective review was done to evaluate C-7 and C7-T1 cervical spine injuries and to assess the advanced trauma life support guidelines for cervical spine evaluation. Eighteen fractures of C-7 and four fracture-dislocation at C7-T1 were identified. Nineteen of the patients had neck pain, tenderness, or neurologic findings on initial examination. Three patients were awake and asymptomatic. The initial diagnosis could be made from lateral cervical spine x-ray film in only three of the 22 patients. In the remaining patients, the diagnosis was made by either swimmer's view (7 of 8 positive), oblique views (1 of 1 positive), flexion-extension views (2 of 3 positive), or computed tomography (CT) scan (7 of 7 positive). In two patients, the diagnosis was not made in the first 24 hours. Follow-up x-ray films were positive in 3 of 22 lateral cervical spine films, 10 of 14 swimmer's views, 2 of 3 oblique views, 2 of 3 flexion-extension views, and 14 of 20 CT scans. The data support the advanced trauma life support recommendation for liberal use of cervical spine radiologic screening. We recommend that the screening examination consist of a lateral cervical spine film, and a swimmer's view, if necessary, to visualize C-7 and the C7-T1 interspace. We further recommend that strong consideration be given to the use of a five-view trauma series. CT scan should be viewed as complementary to conventional film techniques.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Acute recurrent appendicitis with appendicolith.

Appendiceal disease can be acute, acute recurrent, or chronic. Acute appendicitis is the most common form. Acute recurrent appendicitis is more common than chronic appendicitis. In children the clinical manifestations of appendicitis are variable. Patients who have an appendicolith usually develop appendicitis, often with perforation. A case is presented of 3-year follow-up of a patient with an appendicolith and acute recurrent appendicitis. The literature about appendicoliths is reviewed. In the appropriate clinical setting, a history of prior episodes of similar right lower quadrant pain does not preclude the diagnosis of appendiceal disease. Awareness of the less common forms of appendicitis is important so that appropriate treatment is not delayed.

Appendectomy↗
PubMed1988

Gunshot wounds.

Wounds caused by high-velocity projectiles are different from those caused by low-velocity projectiles. High-velocity bullets, such as those fired from deer-hunting rifles, cause large temporary cavities as they pass through tissue, producing extensive damage to adjacent structures that were not touched by the bullet. Essentially all of the damage caused by low-velocity bullets, such as those fired from most handguns, occurs in structures touched by the bullet.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Thoracic manifestations of AIDS.

Of 67 hospitalized AIDS patients, 39 had pulmonary pathology. More than half of these patients died of pulmonary disease. Pneumocystis carinii, cytomegalovirus, Cryptococcus neoformans and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare were the most common pulmonary pathogens, and Kaposi's sarcoma was the most common neoplasm. Infections and neoplasms frequently coexist in the thorax of an AIDS patient. The chest radiograph may be normal in an AIDS patient with active Pneumocystis pneumonia.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

The contralateral decubitus chest film.

The radiology and emergency medicine literature have emphasized the value of the cross-table decubitus chest film taken with the hemithorax containing the suspected pathology in the dependent position. When used in conjunction with the upright chest film, the contralateral decubitus film (with the side of interest up) often reveals more information than does the film with the side of interest dependent. The unsuspected bilaterality of pleural effusion, especially when subpulmonic, often is revealed, as is pathology in the lung base that is obscured by large effusion or cardiomegaly. Masses, cavities, and areas of consolidation may become apparent. Especially important in pediatric patients, vascular structures can be distinguished from infiltrate. The contralateral decubitus film should be obtained when examinations in other positions have yielded equivocal results, rather than repeating an examination. This avoids unnecessary radiation exposure and is cost effective. Because of their complementary nature, in many cases both decubitus views should be obtained.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Detection of hemangiomas using whole-body imaging with technetium-99m labeled RBCs.

Hemangiomas are easily, quickly and relatively noninvasively detected using whole-body imaging with Tc-99m labeled RBCs. A case in which this method was used to confirm known lesions and detect additional unsuspected lesions is described. This method can also be useful in the detection and evaluation of other types of vascular malformations, such as arteriovenous communications. The lesions must be of sufficient size and flow to be seen. Applications include the examination of patients known to have one vascular malformation in a search for additional lesions and the screening of relatives of patients with familial conditions that include hemangiomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Adenocarcinoma of the renal parenchyma.

The classic triad of hematuria, flank pain and abdominal mass is present in only 15 percent of patients with adenocarcinoma of the kidney. In one-third of patients, metastases are present at the time the tumor is discovered. Contour abnormalities of the kidney, displacement of portions of the collecting system and altered axis of the kidney may be seen on intravenous pyelogram. The presence of calcification within a renal mass should increase the index of suspicion for malignancy.

Adult↗