Biomedical subjects

J J Lévy

Publications and source records attributed to J J Lévy.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1995

Validation of an in vivo wound healing model for the quantification of pharmacological effects on epidermal regeneration.

BACKGROUND: Non-invasive assessment methods such as measurement of the transepidermal water loss (TEWL) allow a continuous follow-up of cutaneous processes with impairment of the epidermal barrier function. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the trial was to establish an in vivo model for the assessment of drug effects on epidermal regeneration. METHODS: Twenty healthy volunteers were included in this double-blind randomized trial. After setting four suction blisters on the volar aspect of the forearm, the epidermis was removed to create a standardized subepidermal wound. Thereafter the wounds were treated topically for 6 h daily during 14 days. The following treatments were to be compared: a clobetasol 17-propionate preparation under occlusion, a corticoid-free cream under occlusion, no treatment and occlusion (aluminium chamber), no treatment and no occlusion. Daily measurement of TEWL above the wounds was performed. RESULTS: The 0.05% clobetasol 17-propionate preparation caused a dramatic delay in TEWL decrease, whereby the untreated unoccluded field showed a continuous decrease over the observed period of 14 days. Occlusion and corticoid-free treatment led to a weak but significant delay of TEWL decrease when compared to the untreated unoccluded test field. CONCLUSION: This model seems to describe re-epithelialization in a reliable manner and can be used for in vivo assessment of drug effects on migrating and proliferating epithelial cells.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Predictors of sexual behavior in a group of heterosexual university students at risk for AIDS in Montreal].

In order to evaluate the predictors of risky sexual behavior and AIDS, 573 male and female college students enrolled in French speaking universities in Montreal answered a questionnaire dealing with their sexual behaviors, from which an index of risks was computed (CASH). The analyses show that the best predictors of the CASH for men are associated to their sexual partner taking the pill, peer attitudes toward sexuality and individual sensation-seeking index. For women the best predictors of risky sexual behaviors are the perception of chances to catch AIDS, use of drugs or alcohol during coital behavior, peer group attitudes, personal sexual attitudes and using the pill as a contraceptive. These results suggest that risky sexual behaviors depend on complex processes associated to lifestyle and personality structures.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1993

[Sexual attitudes and scenarios among students in France, Quebec, and Spain].

Sexual behaviors and attitudes were surveyed among 787, 17-21 years-old students in Lyon (France), Montreal (Quebec) and Salamanque and Madrid (Spain). Near 55% have had intercourse and oral sex in France, while this was the case of almost 80% in Quebec and only about 30% in Spain. Students from France and Quebec were younger at first intercourse, have had more sexual partners, and higher frequencies of intercourse and oral sex than those from Spain. Girls from Quebec have shown higher sexual permissiveness than other girls. Spanish students, particularly girls, consider their parents' sexual attitudes as far less permissive. Religiosity and church attendance seem to still put a strong damper, in Spain, on young people's sexual behaviors.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

[Risky sex and contraception in students in France, Quebec and Spain].

In the context of a transational study, 404 sexual active 17-21 years-old students living in Lyon (France), Montreal (Quebec) and Salamanque and Madrid (Spain) have answered a questionnaire dealing with their contraceptive patterns, their perceptions of AIDS and their risky sexual behaviors. Results show that each group uses a different contraceptive strategy. In France and in Quebec those who had their first intercourse before 17 years of age used oral contraceptive rather than the condom. As for AIDS girls from Quebec had a higher index of risky sexual behaviors (CASH) than French, but the opposite was true among boys, while both girls and boys from Spain adopted safer sexual behaviors. Multiple regression analysis shows that the CASH rests on different predictors according to each national context.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1993

[Imaging subcutaneous atrophy in circumscribed scleroderma with 20 MHz B-scan ultrasound].

The technique of 20-MHz B-scan sonography is non-invasive and allows quantification of the different compartments of the skin. Seven patients with atrophic linear circumscribed scleroderma and one patient with guttate circumscribed scleroderma were examined by ultrasound. All patients were found to have a total or subtotal loss of subcutaneous fatty tissue, whereas the thickness of the dermis remained almost unchanged. These findings should lead to further investigation of the pathophysiological mechanism involved in subcutaneous atrophy in circumscribed scleroderma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1982

[Not Available].

The results of a poll on the attitudes towards death of a representative sample of the Quebec population are presented. The Templer Scale on death anxiety was employed. These results indicate that death is not a preoccupation which triggers a high degree of tension in Quebec society. However, education level, salary, religions belief, age and sex influence the distribution of responses. Moreover, this anxiety is tied to the non-permissiveness in relation to sexuality as well as to sexism.

English Abstract↗