J J López Tiro | PubMed Health

PubMedDate not supplied

[Hypersensitivity to medications].

drug hypersensitivity is an adverse reaction provoked by an immunologic response due to the consumption of a drug, or else, by reaction to one of their metaboliteS. Currently, it is considered that 10% of general population has susceptibility to a drug hypersensitivity to a drug or biological product. These reactions obey a pattern of factors of the individual and the medicine, that define the degree of sensitivity to the drug, and according to their characteristics it is possible to develop any type of immunologic reaction (Gel & Coombs), Nevertheless, it should be established that still there are mechanisms of drug hypersensitivity of drugs that have not been totally known, so they are not integrated to this classification and they are catalogued as an undefined type of reaction. On the other hand, there are drugs that provoke drugs reactions by non-immunologic mechanisms corresponding to the drug's different aggressive effects. According to the indicated concepts, we will show some basic concepts of the diverse mechanisms of drug hypersensitivity immunologic and non-immunological, thus as some therapeutic and diagnostic concepts needed for the management of drug hypersensitivity.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Skin tests with high and minor determinants in patients with doubtful allergy to penicillin].

BACKGROUND: Currently, the skin tests are the most accepted methods for the diagnosis of allergy to penicillin. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and diagnosis security of the skin tests with high and minor determinants of penicillin, crystalline and penicillin, in patients with hypersensitivity reaction to penicillin. METHODS: Patients with doubtful antecedents of reaction to penicillin (problem group) and healthy patients (control group) were included. Both groups were submitted at the following tests: 1) Skin tests with high and minor determinants of penicillin, and crystalline penicillin, by prick and intradermoreaction methods. 2) In case of negativity, tests of direct challenge with penicillin were practiced. The formation of wheal with or without erythema 3 mm related to the negative control or systemic reaction, was considered positive test. RESULTS: 47 patients were included (24 for problem group, and 23 for control group), 50% of the group problem showed positive reactions with the method of prick, none patient of the control group (p < 0.001); with the intradermoreaction method, 79% in the problem group and only 13.4% in the control group showed positive reaction (p < 0.001). Cutaneous tests showed local adverse effects. Clinical history showed a sensitivity or 88%, method of prick, 50%, and intradermoreaction method, 95%.

Adolescent↗