Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J J Saurí.
Physicians of the XVI and XVII century investigate medical alteration using galileic-newtonean paradigm. When they considered objectivity the signs of mental alterations they were able to construct explicative theories. In order to hystery they adhered to the theory of "vapours" and "nervous malady". In the present publication we considered the point in order to construct the idea of "neurosis".
When glancing through the works of different authors, two different modes--related to a predominance of either the naturalistic believes, or the crisis thereof--can be detected. Of both modes, the former devised diagnosis as aimed at a cognitive goal yielding a kind of "photograph" of symptoms and signs that had been scrutinized. The latter devised diagnosis as a task that had to be undertaken. The main points of both trends are reviewed.
When one considers a text which deviates from the ordinary and logic rules of language and is pervaded by imagination, the intent of reasoning over its content impedes the adequate comprehension of the various significations born by the mentioned text. This difficulty of reasoning is due to the coexistence of significations incompatible among them. If we also take account the historic lag, the argumentation and the underestimation of the others by the author (they are only the 'redundant ones'), it becomes evident that we are to reconstruct a situation which is dangerously fragile. There is an added obstacle, the fact that the text has a significance in three levels - historic, fantastic and delusional-in which each message is decodified. The family, culture and belief contexts are the necessary material resources. The text becomes in this way, conventional, increasing its semantic credibility. The delusion, in spite of its appearing as a creation, is not more than a redundancy with which the author seeks a conciliation between incompatible ideas. Its significance changes, then, constantly and instead of informing, blocks its comprehension and frustrates the reader. To succeed in the recreation of a world in which the conditions mentioned be accomplished, it is necessary to persuade. That's way it is necessary for the author to legitimate the imaginary fillings of the text. The intent of symbolizing turns the deviation into distortion, second structural moment of delusion whose principal purpose is at the service of the new identity. The text is arranged as an inventio rethorica by means of the enthymem, procedure by which it becomes linked to the already mentioned semantic credibility. In this way the estimation of the other changes. They are taken into account according to their capacity of sending back what the deluded person wants to hear. The distortion is not limited to the text; it also reaches the appreciation of the others. All this ends in a complex rethoric development in which digressions, the slide of significations, and the anaphoras (repetions) abund. This repetition sends back to 'something-already-known', impossible of being symbolically expressed, but which constitutes the reference always present. We are again before an imaginary filling of the 'hole' of the text, where the delusional synecdoche places a part instead of the whole. A text construed in this way is never convincent nor conveys certitude. The delusional text needs to keep attached to the opinion of others. The author of a delusional text needs them as an essential public that may help him to convince himself of the text.
The "hole" in the text is filled again in a delusional imaginary way. This signifies that in this structural place interweaves a replacing texture to disemble the "hole" and reconstruct -in a symbolic way, of course--a new world. This texture has an especific structure. In the first place imaginary cluster in "themes" interconnected in a scheme -skema was in ancient grechian world the figure, the external way, the appearence--this is a kind of compromise between imaginary and speech, where the roles are binary distributed; but as both contradictory poles coexists, the resulta sunks in ambigüity. The scheme is, then, concealer and articulates incompatible poles in other different way. Ideological modifications articulate to at this same level. In the second place the "themes" suposse the existence of imaginary topics developed in the significant axis of antropological origin. In these "themes" the delusional imaginary material disposes in ciphered "thematic storings" and "structural knots". This cipher belongs to the legal area of personalization but as infraction. The delusional text never is transgresive and as it remains in the same legal area, it becomes prisoner of the symbolic network area which forbides to change and to expand. The speech now appears as the bolt of the imaginery area.
The delusional text organizes and disposes itself in a peculiar way. Certain organizators --in Eugenio's case there are five--conform to a distributive pattern charged of the distribution of the text sequences. But delusion is not disorder and Eugenio's text is organized in the axe "dependence-law" in its double meaning of "precept sanction vs. observance and infraction". This dualism is characteristic of the delusional text and its coherence depends on the articulation between sequences. This text is defined by these relations and does not constitute an "illness" as naturalism thought. It is an attempt to answer, though in a deviated and distorted way, questions that the world poses building, thus, a different world. The delusional polisemia grown out of this conective signification is, at the same time, metonimic. This last character is of great importance as it bears an influence on the signification and pushes it into a rational "restauration". This is the task of the argumentation. But the structure, which was conective at first, becomes afterwards implicative. The meaning becomes its opposite and changes its order. This process is not total and, on the text, there are intermediate meanings in coexistance. When the meaning inverts its order it results in the configuration of the special kind of negation which is proper of this delusional text.
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