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Biomedical subjects

J J Sheldon

Publications and source records attributed to J J Sheldon.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Multiple sclerosis: correlation of magnetic resonance imaging with cerebrospinal fluid findings.

MRI examination of 41 patients with clinical definite multiple sclerosis showed white matter lesions of high proton T2 signal consistent with demyelination in 76% and CSF abnormalities present in 76%. Of patients with CSF abnormalities, 26% had normal MRI scans; conversely 26% of patients with MRI abnormalities had negative CSF studies. Thus a significant number of multiple sclerosis patients had negative results on either MRI or CSF examination, while only 5% had normal results on both tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging of pelvic masses.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a complementary imaging modality to ultrasound in the evaluation of pelvic masses. Indications for MRI include differentiating a uterine from an adnexal mass when the ultrasound is inconclusive, establishing the presence of blood in a "simple" appearing cyst and demonstrating fat within a mass that is sonographically suspicious of a benign cystic teratoma.

Adnexal Diseases↗
PubMed1986

Central nervous system disease in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: prospective correlation using CT, MR imaging, and pathologic studies.

A prospective study compared the abilities of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in detection and evaluation of central nervous system disease in neurologically symptomatic patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Eighteen CT scans and 19 MR images in 14 patients were compared. HRCT images with contrast material enhancement were superior to unenhanced 0.35-T MR images for differentiating a lesion from surrounding edema, discriminating between lesions in close proximity, locating lesions for biopsy, judging lesion activity, detecting small cortical lesions with minimal edema, and spatial resolution. MR imaging was superior to CT scanning in evaluation of white-matter lesions and detection of small lesions surrounded by edema. MR imaging exhibited higher contrast resolution and greater sensitivity. Complementary uses of MR and CT imaging are suggested.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

MRI of the chronically injured cervical spinal cord.

Thirteen patients with prior cervical spinal cord injury resulting in quadriplegia were evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) long after their initial injury, either because of the relatively recent onset of new and worsening neurologic symptoms or to rule our residual compression on the spinal cord or nerve roots. The results of MRI were compared with delayed metrizamide computed tomography (CT) in 10 cases, and in five of those the results were also compared with intraoperative spinal sonography. It was found that MRI more accurately demonstrated the intramedullary abnormalities in the injured spinal cord than did delayed metrizamide CT because the former could separate myelomalacia from a posttraumatic spinal cord cyst, a differentiation that was frequently difficult with delayed metrizamide CT. T2-weighted spin-echo pulsing sequences with long echo times were particularly useful in evaluating these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Sensitivity of MRI in metastatic neoplasia: a case report.

Serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) were performed on a patient with metastatic lung cancer to brain. Magnetic resonance (MR) visualized two foci of intracerebral metastasis six weeks prior to CT.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Carotid artery and aortic arch imaging with ECG gating in DSA.

New computer software for gated digital subtraction angiography imaging was used to study 57 patients over 3 months. Better mask registration on isolated sets of systolic and diastolic images improved image quality. Detail of vessel outline and lesion was better than that seen on non-gated images.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1985

Pulse selection chart for brain MR imaging sequences.

A chart for organizing, teaching, and recording the magnetic resonance (MR) pulse sequences used for brain and cervical spine imaging is described. The chart helps document workable sequences and facilitates comparisons between different sequences. It has also been helpful in instructing residents and fellows how to approach an MR examination logically.

Brain↗
PubMed1985

MR imaging of multiple sclerosis: comparison with clinical and CT examinations in 74 patients.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, the latest test for evaluation of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), was assessed against clinical evidence in 74 patients with definite or probable MS. MR imaging was positive in 55 (85%) of 65 patients with definite MS but in only one (11%) of nine patients with probable MS. The examination is most likely to be positive when the patient is classified clinically as having definite MS; when the disease is active and not in remission; and if the constellation of symptoms indicates a multiplicity of regions with neurologic dysfunction. The examination was most sensitive for detecting lesions in the cerebral hemispheres, the posterior fossa, and the cervical spinal cord, in that order; it did not detect any lesions in the optic nerves. The paraclinical tests and MR imaging were of equal sensitivity in detecting MS lesions, but the latter method was more specific in localization. Cerebrospinal fluid evaluation was slightly less sensitive than the other two tests. There was no correlation between MR imaging and these examinations. The authors conclude that MR imaging is more sensitive than computed tomography (CT), which was positive in 25% of 59 patients with definite MS; it is always positive when CT is positive; and it probably can replace CT in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with MS.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the orbit.

A recent review of orbital tumors at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology has shown that fibrous histiocytoma is the most common primary mesenchymal tumor of the orbit in adults. This surprising statistic is explained by the fact that the histologic classification of mesenchymal neoplasms has been revised extensively during the last two decades to include previously distinct tumors of fibrous tissue under the common histopathologic diagnosis of fibrous histiocytoma. We present the computed tomographic findings of a primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the orbit, along with a review of the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Intravenous DSA of extracranial carotid lesions: comparison with other techniques and specimens.

Intravenous digital subtraction arteriography (DSA) was performed in 306 patients with suspected ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Forty-eight carotid endarterectomies were performed in 43 of these patients. The percentage stenosis as determined on the intravenous DSA examination concurred (+/- 10%) with the surgical findings in 83.3%. There were 12.5% undercalls (false-negatives) and 4.3% overcalls (false-positives). Of the false-negative and false-positive examinations only three would have affected the clinical management of the patient, yielding an overall sensitivity of 93.7%. Nine surgical lesions had both intravenous DSA and conventional arteriography. Intravenous DSA was correct in six and arteriography in seven of these lesions. There were four surgically confirmed ulcerations. Two were evaluated by intravenous DSA alone. Two had intravenous DSA and arteriography. The latter showed both ulcers; the former, only one. Thirty-seven surgical lesions had both intravenous DSA and high-resolution real-time sonographic imaging. Sonography agreed in 67.5% and intravenous DSA in 83.7% of these lesions. When an abnormal supraorbital Doppler or an abnormal oculopneumoplethysmography/Gee examination is added to the sonographic examination, an overall sensitivity of 93% was obtained in detecting a surgical lesion (stenosis greater than 50%).

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Local effects of intrauterine contraceptives placed within the peritoneal cavities of rabbits.

Two studies were conducted to evaluate local surface tissue responses to seven different intrauterine contraceptive units placed within the peritoneal cavities of rabbits, either near the uterus or in contact with the hepatic capsule. One or six weeks after insertion, the animals were killed and tissue responses evaluated. All local tissue responses were inflammatory although in some animals tissue responses were also associated with a mechanical component related to pressure of the contraceptive units on the hepatic capsule. Control animals revealed no response. One-week tissue responses among the treated rabbits ranged from minimal to moderate for the Progestasert Intrauterine Progesterone Contraceptive System (IPCS), placebo (nonhormonal) IPCS, Lippes Loop and Saf-T-Coil; moderate for the Dalkon Shield; and severe for the Gyne-T and Cu-7. After six weeks the inflammatory responses to the IPCS, placebo (nonhormonal) IPCS, Lippes Loop and Saf-T-Coil consisted of well-organized fibrous tissue, while the responses to the Gyne-T and Cu-7 were aggressive, invasive and characterized by necrosis and fibroplasia.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Differential diagnosis between normal pressure hydrocephalus and cerebral atrophy on computed tomography.

A brain computed tomography--cisternographic correlation of 48 cases suspected of having normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) was undertaken, observing that the enlargement of temporal horns correlates with abnormal cisternograms compatible with NPH, and appears to be a reliable differential feature from cases of cerebral atrophy with "ex-vacuo hydrocephalus". The results of this correlation and typical images are presented.

Atrophy↗