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Biomedical subjects

J J Sheppard

Publications and source records attributed to J J Sheppard.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Managing dysphagia in mentally retarded adults.

Mentally retarded adults with dysphagia are a chronically disabled population with high incidence of co-occurring gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders. Their ability to achieve and maintain optimal functional adequacy of swallow is dependent on medical and nutritional management of the disorder, as well as on improving the swallow itself. This paper presents a dysphagia management protocol for this population, which includes screening to identify at risk individuals, diagnostic evaluation of dysphagia, daily management to promote optimal mealtime function, and dysphagia therapy to improve underlying neuromotor competency and eating skills.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Dysphagia in infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey's disease): a case study.

A four-month-old infant was treated for dysphagia associated with infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey's disease). Prolonged nutritional support was by nasal or gastrostoma intubation; therapeutic oral feeding was continued. This approach encouraged the development of oral feeding skills, infant-parent bonding and experience of oral satisfactions. The facial skeleton is the most frequent site of involvement in hyperostosis, and dysphagia is a typical component, usually signaled by refusal of food and failure to thrive.

Deglutition Disorders↗
PubMed1984

Ontogeny of infantile oral reflexes and emerging chewing.

The ontogeny of rooting, lip, lateral tongue, mouth opening, biting, and Babkin reflexes and emerging chewing behaviors were observed in 2 normal infants from 1 week to 35 weeks of age. These behaviors were videotaped at 9 monthly test sessions, and their movement patterns analyzed during slow-motion playback. The reflex responses were elicited in both infants through 35 weeks of age. They consisted of those characteristic movements described in the literature plus additional movements that elaborated the characteristic pattern. The complexity of the reflexes and the quality of movement changed with age. Components of chewing, which emerged sequentially from 1 week of age, were cyclical mandibular elevation and depression, lateral tongue movements, transport of the bolus from lateral to medial oral position, mandible retrusion, lateralization and protrusion movements in association with mandibular elevation and depression, increase in speed of rhythmical chewing movements to the mature speed of 1 cycle per second, and mastication. Chewing and oral reflexes contained similar movements but differed in the relative frequency of certain characteristic movements and in the stimulus response relationship.

Child Development↗
PubMed1975

Effect of papaverine hydrochloride on cerebral blood flow as measured by forehead thermograms.

Using the atraumatic diagnostic technique of forehead thermography to indirectly evaluate cerebral arterial circulation, nine patients with vascular disease in the extracranial or intracranial carotid arterial system were given 300 mg. papaverine hydrochloride. All patients demonstrated some degree of improvement after the drug was administered as determined by comparing control thermograms to thermograms obtained 1, 4 and 8 hours after administration of the drug. Improvement was attributed to increased cerebral blood flow due to the direct vasodilating effect of papaverine hydrochloride. In conclusion, this study suggests that if potential stroke victims can be detected at an early stage with thermography (and/or with other atraumatic diagnostic techniques), drug therapy may prove to be of immediate therapeutic value. The response of any given patient to drug therapy may be determined simply and atraumatically by thermographic examinations in which each patient is used as his own control.

Aged↗