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Biomedical subjects

J Jaillard

Publications and source records attributed to J Jaillard.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Primary mycotic aneurysm of the abdominal aorta from salmonella injection. A new case successfully operated upon (author's transl)].

A double aneurism, located in the abdominal aorta and left common iliac was found complicating a salmonella typhimurium infection which had been present for 7 months. A by-pass operation between the inaffected iliac arteries was followed by resection of the two aneurisms. Cultures taken from the walls of the aneurisms showed the presence of salmonella typhimurium. The authors stress the particular seriousness of the spontaneous evolution of such mycotic aneurisms.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1978

Changes in fatty acid composition of cardiac mitochondrial phospholipids in rats fed rapeseed oil.

Male Wistar rats were fed rapeseed oil containing high or low levels or erucic acid for 20 weeks, and changes in the fatty acid composition of cardiac mitochondrial phospholipids were studied. Treatment with rapeseed oil containing 46.2% erucic acid showed incorporation of 22:1 (5.6%) into isolated cardiolipin from heart mitochondria. After high or low (3.7%) erucic rapeseed oil feeding, linolenic acid was slightly incorporated into cardiolipin. Moreover, both of these rapeseed oils induced a significant increase of linoleate-arachidonate ratio in phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. This ratio was also significantly increased in fatty acids esterified to the beta-position of these phospholipids. On the basis of such results, we have to consider the role of linolenic acid which is present at a high level in the different rapeseed oils used, as a possible inhibitor of heart microsomal enzymes involved in linoleate arachidonate conversion. Such alterations might account for mitochondrial fragility and myocardial lesions obtained in long term rapeseed oil feeding experiments.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Inhibition enzyme immunoassay, application to human apolipoprotein B.

Inhibition enzyme immunoassay was applied to human apolipoprotein B (apo-B) from plasma. The technical conditions of the assay were determined. The detection limits of the assay were 200 ng to 10 microgram/ml. Correlation coefficients obtained between enzymoassay and rocket immunoelectrophoresis on one hand and radial immunodiffusion on the other were respectively 0.84 and 0.80. The inhibition enzymoassay provides a specific and highly sensitive method for the quantitation of apo-B.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1978

Enzyme immunoassay for human apolipoprotein B, the major protein moiety in low-density- and very-low-density lipoproteins.

We used enzyme immunoassay to measure apolipoprotein B concentration in human plasma. Pure lipoprotein B was isolated from serum samples of fasting normolipidemic subjects by sequential preparative ultracentrifugation and coated to a polystyrene tube surface by adsorption. Human serum samples and rabbit antiserum to human apolipoprotein B were incubated with the solid-phase lipoprotein B. Soluble antigen competed with solid-phase antigen for binding to antibodies. After washing, peroxidase-labeled sheep antibodies against rabbit immunoglobulins were added, and after further washing the bound label was assayed. This provided a direct measurement of the soluble antigen. The best technical conditions for the assay were determined. The minimum detectable concentration was 1 microgram per assay. The enzyme immunoassay yielded values that compare favorably with those obtained by radial immunodiffusion (r = 0.84) and by rocket immunoelectrophoresis (r = 0.80). The assay offers several advantages over existing techniques: sensitivity, specificity, simplicity, ane non-use of radioisotopes.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1978

[Adipocyte size in primary hypertriglyceridemia with and without obesity (author's transl)].

Adipose tissue cellularity of patients with endogenous hypertriglyceridemia whether associated with obesity or not has been studied by means of a semiautomatic method of counting and sizing osmium tetroxide fixed adipocytes. Cell population distributions were analyzed by mathematical computation. The Coulter Counter system was able to determine mean diameter (or volume) and cell size dispersion which defined adipocyte population. An overall shift of cell population size has been found to characterize adipose tissue cellularity of the different groups examined. Adipocyte population in the obese was defined by increased fat cell size with overlapping distributions between both groups of same weight. Nevertheless normolipemic obese patients were characterized by larger cell size than hypertriglyceridemic subjects matched for adiposity index. The results are discussed in relation to the removal defect found in endogenous hypertriglyceridemia.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1977

Changes in rat heart phospholipid composition after rapeseed oil feeding.

The influence of long duration rapeseed oil feeding with high or low levels of erucic acid has been investigated on rat heart phospholipids. The rats treated for 20 wk with rapeseed oil containing 46.2% erucic acid showed a twofold increase in the sphingomyelin content of the heart. Treatment with primor rapeseed oil (3.7% erucic acid) for 20 wk did not modify phospholipid composition of rat heart. The fatty acid patterns of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine were slightly influenced by the high erucic rapeseed oil; eicosenoic acid was incorporated preferentially into position one, but erucic acid showed a random distribution in both. After high erucic rapeseed oil feeding, 22:1 was incorporated into cardiolipin (5.6%) and sphingomyelin (10.5%). The incorporation of 22:1 into sphingomyelin was associated with an increase of the percentage of 24:1 (14.6%) and a decrease of saturated long chain fatty acid (22:0, 24:0) percentages. Primor rapeseed oil caused a slight increase of 24:1 and a decrease of 22:0 and 24:0 in rat heart sphingomyelin. As cardiolipin is localized in the inner membrane of mitochondria and sphingomyelin in plasma and microsomal membranes, the acyl-moiety alterations of both phospholipids might be correlated to the pathological lesions of rat heart after a long duration of rapeseed oil feeding.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Lipid composition of circulating lipoproteins in various types of hyperlipoproteinemia (author's transl)].

By means of simple and selective precipitation methods with polyanions, three lipoprotein fractions rich in HDL (F1), LDL (F2) and VLDL (F3) were isolated from serum of normal subjects, of normolipemic patients with atherosclerotic disease and of patients with type IIA, IIB or IV hyperlipoproteinemia. Cholesterol content was used to quantify lipoprotein fractions and to measure relative triglycerides abundance (cholesterol/triglyceride ratio and regression coefficients). Findings in the atheroscerotic patients without hyperlipoproteinemia resembled those of the controls. No correlation between cholesterol and triglycerides was obtained in F1 of the various groups. However, a significant relation was established in F2 and the relative content of triglycerides was increased progressively from type IIA, through type IIB to type IV. In all types of hyperlipoproteinemia comparable relationships were found in F3 mainly containing VLDL, the precursor of LDL. In fractions F2 and F3, types IIB and IV were clearly distinguishable from type IIA.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Detection of a new lipoprotein: Lp(a). Its occurrence in atherosclerosis with or without hyperlipemia].

Detected using a method involving gradient electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel, the presence of a high level of an Lp(a) was demonstrated in 17% of control subjects and 39% oh hyperlipidaemic subjects explored. The difference appeared to be particularly significant in subjects with a pure hypercholesterolaemia (type IIA) or dominant hypercholesterolaemia (type IIB), which may be accounted for by the antigenic communities and related substances in the lipid composition uniting Lp(a) to LDL. The association of frank atherosclerosis with the hyperlipidaemia substantially increased the frequency of high levels of circulating Lp(a). A combined elevation of levels of Lp(a) and LDL would seem to be associated with a particular atherogenic power.

Arteriosclerosis↗