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Biomedical subjects

J Jaroszewski

Publications and source records attributed to J Jaroszewski.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

The usefulness of CD4/CD8 ratio evaluation in monitoring of ovarian cancer patients.

Twenty-seven ovarian cancer patients were observed for twenty-four months. The patients were grouped as follows: Group I-with complete (CR) or partial remission (PR), Group II-with stable disease (SD), Group III-with progression (PD) of the disease. In all patients, T lymphocyte phenotypes were estimated in peritoneal fluid (PF) and in peripheral blood (PB). No differences were observed in either PF and PBT (CD3+) cell percentages among the examined groups of patients. A slight increase was noted in the percentage of CD4+ cells upon transition from the remission group to the groups with less favourable outcome of treatment. The increase was observed both in PB and in PF but only the latter showed statistically significant changes. On the contrary, percentage of T-cytotoxic/suppressor (CD8+) lymphocytes decreased upon transition from patients with the remission to those with stable disease and those with progression. These changes strongly affected the CD4/CD8 ratio. In PF, CD4/CD8 ratios were 2.13 +/- 0.9 and 4.18 +/- 1.6 in Group II and III, respectively (p < 0.01). In PB, the ratios were 1.88 +/- 1.1, 1.75 +/- 0.6, and 4.32 +/- 1.5 in Groups I, II and III respectively (Group I vs. Group III p < 0.01, Group II vs. Group III p < 0.01). During the study, five patients died due to ovarian cancer. In retrospective analysis, these patients showed progressive increase in CD4/CD8 ratio of PFT cells. Just before death, the ratio demonstrated an abrupt increase. In conclusion, the estimation of CD4+ and CD8+ cells as well as calculation of CD4/CD8 ratio for lymphocytes of peripheral blood and peritoneal fluid seems helpful in monitoring disease progression in ovarian cancer patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Lack of effect of oxytocin given into the aorta abdominalis on corpus luteum function in cattle.

The aim of present study was to infuse moderate doses of oxytocin into the aorta abdominalis at different stages of the oestrous cycle in cattle to investigate its effect on the secretory function of the corpus luteum (CL). Mature heifers (n = 12) were synchronized with a luteolytic dose of Oestrophan. One day before the experiments the animals had cannulae inserted into the aorta abdominalis through the coccygeal artery, with the tip placed cranial to the origin of the ovarian artery. This allowed direct application of the drug into the reproductive tract. In a preliminary experiment (n = 4) we found that 40 IU of oxytocin given for 5 h would be a more suitable dose to enhance the peripheral concentration of this peptide slightly over its physiological pulses. This dose of oxytocin was infused in Experiment 1 (n = 4) once daily for 5 h on days 10, 11 and 12 of the oestrous cycle and in the same way on days 4, 8, 12 and 16 in Experiment 2. In all of these trials oxytocin affected progesterone or testosterone secretion measured in the peripheral blood. Oxytocin given into the aorta abdominalis acts not only on the CL but also on the uterus, oviduct, blood vessels in the reproductive tract etc. Hence the response of CL can be masked by the effect of oxytocin on these tissues. It is, therefore, assumed that oxytocin acts on the bovine CL inside the ovary but not as a systemic hormone.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Three dimensional analysis of thymic medulla.

In consecutive serial paraffin sections centers of gravity were defined for individual cross-sections of thymic medulla of the rat. Coordinates of the centers provided grounds for a three-dimensional reconstruction of thymic medulla using for the purpose computer techniques. In all cases the medulla exhibited continuity throughout the organ and showed dendritic character with up to IVth order branching. Moreover, analysis of thymic medulla structure allowed to exclude existence of a structure which would correspond to thymic lobuli. Apart from volume and area of the cortex and the medulla, lengths of the medulla and of its branches were determined. Statistical analysis of the results demonstrated that length of individual types of medulla branches was the least variable character of the thymus while the most variable one included area of the cortex and the medulla and their volume. All parameters describing volume and area of the thymic cortex/thymic medulla were found to correlate with each other. No significant relation was observed between the parameters on one hand and length of the medulla on the other.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Three-dimensional reconstruction and stereometric analysis of Langerhans cells in mouse epidermis.

In the presented studies stereometric analysis and spatial reconstruction was performed on two Langerhans cell (LC) types. One was free of LC-I and the other contained LC-II Birbeck granules in the perinuclear space. The presented stereometric analysis demonstrated significant differences between the so-distinguished two cell types. Differences were observed not only in the number and distribution of Birbeck's granules but also in the areas of smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, in the area of vesicles surrounding Golgi apparatus, in the volume of cisterns of the apparatus, and in the ratio of cell nucleus area to its volume. Differences noted between the two cell types were of quantitative character. They might result from different stages of differentiation of the cells from their precursors in the epidermis or from distinct functional stages of the cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Analysis of spatial structure of thymocytes and of their contacts with thymic non-lymphoid cells.

The study aimed et determining morphological relations between thymic cells and thymocytes. The studies were performed on 16 days old rats of Wistar strain. The material was processed for ultrastructural studies in a routine manner. For 50 thymocytes computer reconstruction was performed which allowed to define cell volume, volume of cell nucleus and of condensed chromatin. The value characterizing three-dimensional morphology of thymocytes provided grounds for analysis using graph theory. The stereological methods allowed to examine microarchitecture of individual thymic zones. Thymocytes in contact with dendritic cells or with macrophages were found to differ in morphology from thymocytes with no such contacts. The results indicated direct effect of dendritic cells and of macrophages on thymocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Analysis of thymocytes contacts with other thymic cells.

The study aimed et defining morphological relationships between thymic stroma cells and thymocytes. The studies were conducted on 16-days old Wistar strain rats. The material was routinely processed for ultrastructural examination. On grounds of serial section analysis, types of contacts of 83 thymocytes were established, for each cell total area and areas of contact with other cells were estimated. Employing stereological techniques microarchitecture of individual thymic zones was studied. The results point to a direct influence of thymic stroma cells on thymocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The coccygeal artery as a route for the administration of drugs into the reproductive tract of cattle.

A simple procedure is described for cannulating the aorta abdominalis of cattle through the coccygeal artery, and for positioning the tip of the cannula close to the origin of the ovarian artery. When noradrenaline was infused through the cannula there was a rapid increase in the concentration of progesterone in the peripheral blood, whereas the intravenous infusion of the same dose of noradrenaline had little effect. The procedure can be used for endocrinological studies of the reproductive organs and avoids the more costly and potentially damaging procedure of implanting cannulae during a laparotomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The effect of stress induced experimental gastric ulcers on enterochromaffin cells and on serotonin and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid levels in stomach and duodenum of the white rat.

In rats subjected to acute or protracted stress of immobilization, gastric and duodenal mucosae were monitored for presence of ulcers and their enterochromaffin cells were examined, identifying them with the use of anti-serotonin antibodies and PAP technique. In parallel, serotonin and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid levels in the stomach and duodenum were estimated. Ulcers developed only in the stomach and exclusively in stress-unadapted animals. Development of ulcers was paralleled by enterochromaffin cell degranulation, decrease in serotonin levels, and increase in 5-hydroxyindolacetic levels in both the stomach and the duodenum. Significance of the findings for contemporary hypothesis of gastric ulcers' pathogenesis was discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

PHA responsiveness and adherent cell-lymphocyte interactions in patients with advanced malignant tumors of the ovary prior to treatment and during chemotherapy.

DNA synthesis in cultures of PHA-stimulated blood mononuclear cells from patients with advanced malignant tumors of the ovary before treatment was significantly reduced and responses of lymphocytes alone were, on an average, 40% lower than in control subjects. Adherent cells were found to suppress the PHA response of autologous lymphocytes from 6/12 patients before treatment, 4/18 patients during chemotherapy and only in 2/19 control subjects. The net effects of adherent cell-lymphocyte interactions in autogeneic vs. allogeneic combinations were frequently discordant, which suggests shifts in lymphocyte subpopulations responsive, respectively, to suppressor- and helper-type mediators released by monocytes in patients. PHA responses of mononuclear blood cells from patients after the 1st and 2nd round of chemotherapy were usually higher than the mean in untreated patients, but declined rapidly after subsequent rounds of cytostatic drug treatment and were deeply impaired in a few cured patients examined many months after therapy. Previous radiotherapy appeared to have little effect on the magnitude and patterns of changes of blood mononuclear response to PHA during subsequent chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Distribution of different cell types within the rat thymus in the neonatal period of life.

This study attempted to define reciprocal positions of cell types within the thymus. Random or non-random contacts between specific cell types were analyzed by means of graph theory. For analysis, thymus blocks were sectioned serially and, then, thymus cells were categorized into types, based on morphological criteria. The distribution of individual cell types within the cortex, cortico-medullary zone and medulla was presented in form of a map. In the analysis, three types of epithelial cell, characteristic of each thymus zone, macrophages, Langerhans-like cells and lymphocytes were found in non-random relations to one another. Moreover, characteristic groups of cells associated with one another were also demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Application of graph theory to analysis of Langerhans cell types on the basis of their cell nuclei ultrastructure.

Studies were performed aimed at estimating similarities and differences in ultrastructure of Langerhans cells of albino mouse epidermis. Graph theory-based analysis of surface and circumference of nucleus cross-section, heterochromatin and interchromatin area permitted to advance a view that Langerhans cells constitute a uniform cell population, as far as morphology of cell nucleus is concerned.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Cytotoxicity of human peripheral lymphocytes in cell-mediated lympholysis; antibody-dependent cell-mediated lympholysis and natural cytotoxicity assays after mixed lymphocyte culture.

Lymphocytes that have been purified by Ficoll-Hypaque centrifugation lose antibody-dependent and natural cytotoxic activities upon culture in tissue culture medium supplemented with human plasma. However, stimulation of peripheral lymphocytes in the mixed leukocyte culture (MLC) appears to enhance killer (K) and natural killer (NK) activities in addition to generating cytotoxic T ymphocytes. Enhancement of NK and antibody dependent activities appears to correlate with cell division as measured by 3H-thymidine uptake. However, elimination of dividing cells in the MLC by addition of 5-bromodeoxyuridine has no effect on NK and K cells activities. Since this treatment abolishes cell-mediated lympholysis mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, it is a useful probe for determining the relative activities of NK, K, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte effector cells after lymphocyte stimulation.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1978

Proliferation of human lymphocytes by mitogen stimulated cells.

Lymphocytes cultured for three days with PHA or Con A were capable of inducing vigorous proliferation of autologous or allogeneic lymphocytes. Kinetics of the response varied with mitogen dose used for obtaining stimulating cells and with the ratio of stimulating to responder cells. A requirement for viable, mitogen-reactive lymphocytes cultured for at least two days with the mitogen, for their contact with the reacting cells and an absence of significant quantities of mitogen on Con A lymphoblasts examined by electron microscopy demonstrated that a mitogen itself was not responsible for the stimulation. The PHA blast-stimulated lymphocytes were not cytotoxic to PHA blasts nor did they diminish lymphocyte stimulating abilities of PHA blasts in vitro cultures. This indicated that PHA did not induce proliferation of autologous lymphocytes by derivatization of lymphocyte surface.

Cell Cycle↗