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Biomedical subjects

J Jenny

Publications and source records attributed to J Jenny.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Comparing perceptions of dental aesthetics in the USA with those in eleven ethnic groups.

The Standard DAI is an orthodontic index based on perceptions of dental aesthetics in the USA. The Standard DAI is a regression equation linking perceptions of the social acceptability of dental aesthetics with the objective intraoral measurements of ten occlusal traits. Since the Standard DAI is based on perceptions of dental aesthetics in the USA it can be used without modification only where perceptions of dental aesthetics are similar to those in the USA. This study was designed to determine whether perceptions of dental aesthetics of students in eleven diverse ethnic groups are similar to those of students in the USA. The same 25 stimuli (photographs of dental configurations, a subset of the 200 stimuli used in deriving the Standard DAI equation) were rated for dental aesthetics by Australian, Chinese, German, Japanese, Korean, Latvian, Native American, Singaporean Chinese, Singaporean Indian, Singaporean Malay, and Thai students. Their ratings were compared with the ratings of the same 25 stimuli by students in the USA. Spearman rank-order correlations ranged from 0.84 to 0.94. These correlations are sufficiently high to show that perceptions of dental aesthetics in all eleven ethnic groups are very similar to the perceptions of USA students. Therefore the Standard DAI can be used without modification in all eleven ethnic groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Comparing perceptions of dental aesthetics in the USA with those in eleven ethnic groups.

The Standard DAI is an orthodontic index based on perceptions of dental aesthetics in the USA. The Standard DAI is a regression equation linking perceptions of the social acceptability of dental aesthetics with the objective intraoral measurements of ten occlusal traits. Since the Standard DAI is based on perceptions of dental aesthetics in the USA it can be used without modification only where perceptions of dental aesthetics are similar to those in the USA. This study was designed to determine whether perceptions of dental aesthetics of students in eleven diverse ethnic groups are similar to those of students in the USA. The same 25 stimuli (photographs of dental configurations, a subset of the 200 stimuli used in deriving the Standard DAI equation) were rated for dental aesthetics by Australian, Chinese, German, Japanese, Korean, Latvian, Native American, Singaporean Chinese, Singaporean Indian, Singaporean Malay, and Thai students. Their ratings were compared with the ratings of the same 25 stimuli by students in the USA. Spearman rank-order correlations ranged from 0.84 to 0.94. These correlations are sufficiently high to show that perceptions of dental aesthetics in all eleven ethnic groups are very similar to the perceptions of USA students. Therefore the Standard DAI can be used without modification in all eleven ethnic groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Knowing the patient: one aspect of clinical knowledge.

This paper analyzes the concept "knowing the patient" which was identified in a qualitative study of expert nursing practice during ventilator weaning of adult patients. The concept signified a cognitive and relational process by which the study participants determined salient aspects of a particular patient situation, while at the same time demonstrating their credibility and eliciting patient trust. The paper describes the clinical judgments, decisions, actions and patient outcomes that ensue from knowing the patient. This analysis offers a contextually specific description of nurses' clinical reasoning that illustrates a dimension of expert clinical practice from actual rather than simulated clinical content.

Cognition↗
PubMed1991

Differences in need for orthodontic treatment between Native Americans and the general population based on DAI scores.

Clinical impressions by Indian Health Service (IHS) dentists of a greater frequency of severe dental malrelations among Native Americans than in the general US population have never been objectively confirmed. This study uses the DAI as the standard to determine whether there is a greater prevalence of severe malocclusions among Native Americans. Four hundred eighty-five Native American students in grades 7-12 from two remote sites--Pine Ridge, SD, and Many Farms, AZ--and one nonremote site--Lapwai, ID--were scored for the DAI. The mean scores from each reservation, as well as the mean score from the three reservations combined, were significantly higher, indicating poorer aesthetics, than the mean DAI score from a large sample of the general US population. These data confirm the clinical impressions of IHS dentists that Native Americans residing on reservations have significantly poorer dental aesthetics than the aesthetics found in the general US population; therefore, Native Americans have greater needs for orthodontic treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Self-care deficit theory and nursing diagnosis: a test of conceptual fit.

Conceptual frameworks and nursing diagnoses represent recent additions to nursing's theoretical base, but their relationship and potential to interface has not been explored. This study describes the results of 130 registered nurse baccalaureate students' integration of current North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) nursing diagnoses into major concepts of Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory (SCDT). It identifies areas of agreement and difficulty inherent in this challenge, and suggests directions for needed theoretical work.

Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate↗
PubMed1991

[Local administration of low-dose estriol and vital Lactobacillus acidophilus in postmenopause].

A randomized double-blind trial with 15 postmenopausal women led to a remarkable result. Local treatment with vaginal tablets just containing 0.03 mg estriol proved to be equivalent to the widely used dosage of 0.5 mg. The test drug Gynoflor E induced significant proliferation of the vaginal epithelium and thus offers the basis for a complete restoration of the vaginal environment. Simultaneously given Lactobacillus acidophilus can be implanted successfully and thus an acid vaginal milieu can be restored.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1990

Nursing patient education: a Canadian perspective.

The health care system in Canada is gradually shifting towards greater emphasis on patient involvement, health promotion and management of chronic illness. Nurses can play a key role in shaping these changes. This article provides an overview of several facets of the nurse's role in patient education: national policy guidelines, standards of care, research and exemplary patient education programs.

Canada↗
PubMed1989

Utility of the dental aesthetic index in industrialized and developing countries.

To be truly useful, an index must be applicable universally without modification. The data presented in this article support the use of the standard DAI without modification to assess need for orthodontic treatment in both developing and industrialized countries. When students from Thailand, Australia, the German Democratic Republic, and Native Americans residing on Indian reservations rated the same 25 occlusal stimuli (photographs of dental configurations) for dental aesthetics, their ratings of these stimuli when arranged in rank order were highly correlated with those of US students. These 25 occlusal stimuli were a subset of the original 200 occlusal stimuli used in deriving the standard DAI regression equation. This article presents data indicating that when a Native American DAI was derived based on Native American ratings of the same 200 occlusal stimuli used in deriving the standard DAI, the Native American DAI and the standard DAI had the same ten components (orthodontic measurements) and strikingly similar regression coefficients (weights). Further analysis indicated that the two equations were sufficiently similar to justify using the standard DAI to obtain DAI scores on Native Americans and to estimate the relative social acceptability of their dental aesthetics. If ratings for dental aesthetics for the full set of 200 stimuli were available for each of the countries where only 25 were rated, we expect that, as in the case of Native Americans, a country-specific DAI, if computed, would be sufficiently similar to the standard DAI that no modification would be needed to allow use of the standard DAI in that country.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of SASOC, a measure of dental aesthetics, with three orthodontic indices and orthodontist judgment.

Scores for three malocclusion indices (HLD, TPI and OI) and Orthodontist Judgment (OJ) were available for the 100 orthodontic study models utilized in the development of SASOC, the Social Acceptability Scale of Occlusal Conditions. The ability of SASOC to predict need for treatment using OJ as a standard was compared to the ability of HLD, TPI and OI to predict OJ's decisions. In addition, determinations of need for treatment of each of the 100 models using HLD, OI and OJ were compared to SASOC's rankings for the public's perceptions of aesthetic acceptability. Finally, the agreement of HLD, OI and OJ with each other in assessing need for treatment was compared. Results indicated: 1) that SASOC's, HLD's, TPI's and OI's "hit rate" in predicting OJ ranged between 73% and 81%; 2) HLD's, OI's and OJ's assessment of malocclusion paralleled lay perceptions of aesthetic acceptability (SASOC), and 3) there were differences of agreement among HLD, OI and OJ as to which cases had a definite need for treatment. There was more agreement on cases which did not have a definite need for treatment than on those which did. A tool which assesses only the aesthetic component of occlusal configurations was judged to be more suitable in the study of the social and psychological impact of malocclusion than indices and orthodontist judgment which include professional criteria as well as aesthetics in their assessments of malocclusion.

Adolescent↗