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Biomedical subjects

J Joost

Publications and source records attributed to J Joost.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Multidisciplinary team evaluation of school dysfunction. An analysis of utilization.

Little is known of the characteristics of children experiencing school dysfunction who are evaluated by multidisciplinary teams. The records of 87 children seen during a calendar year were reviewed and information was gathered regarding their age, sex, and referral source. In addition, the chief concerns of the child's parents and educators, and the diagnostic outcome, were considered. Boys were more likely to have been referred for behavioral problems than for academic issues. Girls were seen at an earlier age. Younger children were more likely to have been referred by physicians. While there was a significant association between gender and reason for referral, we found no such relationship between gender and final diagnostic classification. Variables in the utilization of evaluation services are described. Cognizance of these issues should lead to improved provision of care to all children experiencing school dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Trace element investigations in kidney stone patients.

31 different trace elements were analyzed in 24 kidney stones using the atomic absorption method. Where a significant trace element content in the concrements was detected, blood, urine and hair from the stone patients were investigated with respect to their trace element concentrations. In calcium stones mainly Fe, Pb, Sr and Zn and in organic stones As, Fe and Zn were found. No correlation could be found between the trace element content in stones, blood and urine. The hair of a woman with high As content in her stone contained a normal As concentration.

Female↗
PubMed1986

[Norfloxacin in the treatment of urinary tract infections].

28 patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) were treated with norfloxacin 2 X 400 mg daily for 9 days. 14 of these patients had complicated UTI (stones, obstruction). The main pathogens were E. coli and Proteus mirabilis. On the third day of treatment all bacteria were eradicated. One week after therapy all patients with uncomplicated UTI were cured and, likewise, 9 of 14 with complicated UTI. There was no laboratory evidence of adverse effects. 6 patients reported only mild side effects such as epigastric pain, dizziness and pruritus, which did not necessitate discontinuation of norfloxacin. Norfloxacin appears to be safe and effective in the treatment of UTI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Ureteral rupture after blunt abdominal injury].

Two male and one female patients, between the ages of four and 25 years, involved in road traffic accidents, sustained isolated ruptures of the right proximal ureter in addition to severe injuries to the skull and extremities. The typical urographic finding of an absent ureter was seen only once. In one incomplete rupture of the ureter from a solitary kidney, the ureter filled with contrast and there was no dilatation of the renal pelvis and in another case, the appearance of the ureter was simulated by a peri-ureteric contrast leak. Ultrasound examinations following abdominal trauma should be directed at finding peri-renal fluid; this should be followed by an urogram in order to recognize ureteric rupture at an early stage, when there may be few symptoms.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1983

[Recurring pseudo-urolithiasis].

We report about a case with simulated recurrent urolithiasis. The patient introduced foreign bodies (gypsum) into the bladder. Often the stones had to be removed from the bladder and the right refluxing ureter. The diagnosis of the foreign bodies was made after 2 years of malingering by X-ray diffraction (analysis: gypsum = CaSO4 . 2 H2O).

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Optimizing conservative urinary calculus expulsion].

A multicentric randomised and prospective study on conservative treatment of ureteric calculi had been performed. The frequency and transit time of spontaneously passing of the stones, side effects and cost of treatment have been compared under classic spasmoanalgetic therapy and a phytotherapeutic medicament (Urol). In the group with spasmoanalgetic therapy 85.5% of the stones passed spontaneously, in the group with Urol medication 89.3% of the stones. There was no significant difference concerning the transit time of stones between the two groups, but side effects and costs were less in the Urol-group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Combined analysis of kidney stones by X-ray diffraction and electron microprobe.

Oxalate, apatite, struvite, uric acid and cystine stones were routinely analysed by X-ray diffraction. A second analysis was performed by electron microprobe. The substances not detected by X-ray diffraction were apatite and struvite in oxalate and cystine stones. Oxalate was not found in uric acid stones because of insufficient routine sample preparation, but could be detected in a second X-ray analysis. Conclusions concerning the exact stone composition can only be reached after X-ray diffraction has been completed in conjunction with a second procedure, such as electron microprobe analysis. For clinical routine use X-ray diffraction is sufficient if adequate sample preparation is performed. The electron microprobe analysis provides further information about mixed phase formations (single or multiple layers, diffuse distributions etc.) and about inclusions in a phase, which have some clinical consequences.

Crystallization↗
PubMed1983

[Value and indication for isotope reflux cystography in children].

65 children with recurrent urinary infections were investigated by a reflux-cystography method, using 99mTc labelled millimicrospheres. Our results show that this method allows a clinically sufficient diagnosis of reflux. The radiation exposure of the patient is 50-200 times less than the established reference method (X-ray refluxcystography). However, the amount of reflux, i.e. the stage of disease can only be determined by the radiologic method. On the basis of our results it is therefore recommended to use the radionuclide reflux-cystography method as basic investigation and for follow-up. If the basic investigation shows a reflux classification of the reflux has to be evaluated by X-ray reflux-cystography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Urolithiasis in childhood].

Our experience with 95 pediatric stone patients in the years 1960-1979 is presented. 2/3 of all stones were diagnosed in the pre-school age. Leading symptoms were infection, hematuria and abdominal pain. 52% of the stones were composed of phosphate. 87.5% of the children up to the age of 6 had urinary tract infection. Phosphate stones were mostly accompanied by urea-splitting organisms. An underlying cause for the stone formation could be found in 62% (urodynamic disturbances 32%, metabolic derangements 21%, proteus infection 8%, foreign body 1%). In 76% of the children the stones had to be removed surgically. The recurrence rate was 22% in 6.2 years. From our experience we recommend to use only a crystallographic stone analysis, to perform an exact metabolic check-up and a long term follow-up of the children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Bladder injuries--diagnosis, acute care and late results].

From 1962 up to 1980 82 bladder injuries have been diagnosed and treated at the University Hospital Innsbruck, Department of Urology. Excluding the iatrogenic bladder trauma, we report on the extraperitoneal and intraperitoneal rupture as well as the contusion. Diagnosis and acute management are emphasized. The effectiveness of the diagnostic and therapeutic regimen is supported by the lack of major complications and by the encouraging late results.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1981

Glutamine: a new anticystinuric drug?

A recent report by Miyagi and co-workers [New Engl. J. Med. 301: 196-198, 1979] suggested that glutamine caused a decrease in cystine excretion in 1 patient. We studied 2 patients with cystinuria on 2-4 g glutamine for 24 and 60 days. In these patients glutamine showed no effect on the excretion of cystine in the urine. This is consistent with the report by the Mayo clinic where 5 patients were treated with glutamine without any response.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Diagnosis of hypercalciuria in calcium nephrolithiasis (author's transl)].

An increased calcium excretion in 24-hour urine was found in 32 of 42 out-patients with recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis (calcium excretion > 300 mg in males, > 250 mg in females). Subsequent hospitalization of the 32 patients revealed the following diagnosis after a calcium tolerance test: absorptive hypercalciuria in 18, renal hypercalciuria in 4, primary hyperparathyroidism in 2 and dietary hypercalciuria in 7. Normocalciuria in 10 out-patients was confirmed in 6; in one instance there was, however, primary hyperparathyroidism, in 3 there was absorptive hypercalciuria. In one patient it was not possible to classify the hypercalciuria. Total as well as nephrogenic cAMP showed wide scatter and was unsuitable, therefore, in differential diagnosis. In 2 of 3 cases of hyperparathyroidism the serum level of parathormone was distinctly elevated.

Calcium↗