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Biomedical subjects

J Jose

Publications and source records attributed to J Jose.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Oral nifedipine in hypertensive emergencies.

A study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of oral nifedipine in hypertensive emergencies. Eleven consecutive patients with very high blood pressure requiring emergency reduction were included in the study. Nifedipine (10 mg) was given orally at 6-hourly intervals and blood pressure, pulse, serum electrolytes, urea, creatinine and uric acid were monitored. A reduction in blood pressure was noted within 10 minutes, with a significant reduction occurring within 30 minutes (reduction of systolic blood pressure by 8.11% and diastolic blood pressure by 9.38%). The maximum reduction in blood pressure occurred within 90 minutes (reduction of systolic blood pressure by 20.78% and diastolic blood pressure by 21.74%) and remained at this level for 4 hours, after which a mild increase in blood pressure was noted. At 6 hours, the reduction in blood pressure was 15.41% and diastolic reduction was 17.94%. The reduction in blood pressure was found to be directly correlated with the pre-treatment blood pressure. There was no significant alteration in the pulse rate or blood chemistry. No side-effects were noted during the study. It is suggested that oral nifedipine is a simple, effective and well-tolerated alternative to parenteral therapy in the management of hypertensive emergencies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Acute systemic toxicological tests of soft contact lens extractives.

The toxic potential of three major components of soft contact lenses was assessed in white mice. Accepted procedures for toxicological studies were used to evaluate the effects of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol, and methacrylic acid. No observable signs of gross toxicity were detected in any of the mice injected with the original doses. Larger doses of methacrylic acid produced ataxia, irregular breathing, convulsions, and death. From the concentrations of these chemicals normally occurring in contact lenses, no systemic toxic effects would be expected.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of left ventricular diastolic function in young diabetics--a two dimensional echo Doppler study.

Left ventricular diastolic function was assessed in 21 young diabetic subjects (less than 35 years) by Doppler transmitral flow velocity examination and compared with an equal number of matched controls. Diabetic subjects had higher heart rates (89 +/- 2 vs 79 +/- 4 beats/minute, p less than 0.015), peak late diastolic (A) velocity and a velocity time integral (56.6 +/- 13.4 vs 45.3 +/- 11.4 cm/sec. p less than 0.005 and 7.3 +/- 5.2 vs 6.5 +/- 2.5 cm p less than 0.03 respectively) and total transmitral flow velocity integral (25.8 +/- 5 vs 22 +/- 3.2 cm, p less than 0.05). Peak E velocities, E velocity time integrals, E/A ratio, and peak filling rates were similar in two groups (p = not significant). These data suggests that young patients with diabetes mellitus have normal left ventricular diastolic function. The minor transmitral flow abnormalities are possibly due to autonomic dysfunction, e.g. increased sympathetic activity resulting in increased heart rate and cardiac output.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Systolic time intervals in dilated cardiomyopathy.

Systolic Time Intervals (STI) were recorded in 45 patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCMY) to evaluate left ventricular function. Shortening of LVETI was seen in 37 (82%), prolongation of PEPI in 42 (93%), and increase in PEP/LVET ratio in 43 (95%) patients of DCMY. Global left ventricular dysfunction could be identified in all the patients (100%) with the combination of PEPI and PEP/LVET ratio. On follow up evaluation of 14 patients, change in STI status was seen to correlate with clinical status of the patients. STI as a non-invasive indicator of left ventricular function are useful in diagnosis and follow up of patients with DCMY.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Low dose metoprolol in acute myocardial infarction.

A study of the effects of low dose Metoprolol was undertaken in 37 patients with acute myocardial infarction. These patients were randomly divided into three groups depending on the dose of the drug per kg body weight. Group I, consisting of 18 patients, received 0.36 to 0.65 mg per kg per day, Group II (10 patients) received 0.66 to 0.99 mg/kg/day, and Group III (9 patients) 1 to 1.81 mg/kg/day. To assess the degree of beta blockade achieved, the parameters that were evaluated were the fall in blood pressure and heart rate. There was a fall in systolic blood pressure which ranged from 7 to 17%, and fall in heart rate of 6.6 to 12.8% in the 3 groups over the 48-hour study period. These observations were compared with the results obtained from the Goteberg Metoprolol trial and Metoprolol in acute myocardial infarction (MIAMI) trials wherein 200 mg of Metoprolol per day were used. Our preliminary observations suggest that Indian patients may not need such a high dose, and Metoprolol at 50-100 mg per day would probably be sufficient to get the desired effect.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mitral valve area by colour flow imaging.

Colour Doppler assessment of mitral valve area was carried out in 78 patients with mitral stenosis. The mitral valve area was calculated using the equation pi/4 (a x b), where a = color jet width at the mitral valve in the apical long axis view and b = width of the color jet in a 90 degree rotated view from the apex. The valve area obtained from the color jet was compared with the valve area obtained from the pressure half time. It was found that there was a good correlation between these two measurements (r = 0.82; p < 0.001) while 2D echo derived mitral valve area correlated at an r value of 0.80 (p < 0.001). It is concluded that the new method can be used as an adjunct to currently available methods to assess the severity of mitral stenosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Beneficial effect of balloon mitral valvotomy in reducing severity of associated tricuspid regurgitation.

This study was done to find out whether successful balloon mitral valvotomy (BMV) reduces the severity of associated functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR), and if so, which variables predict this reduction. Of the 177 consecutive patients who underwent BMV, 53 were found to have functional TR. 2D echocardiography (Echo) with color Doppler was done before and 24-48 hours after BMV. Using the apical four-chamber view, the severity of TR was assessed by comparing the ratio of maximal tricuspid regurgitant jet area (TRA) to right atrial area (RAA). There was a significant reduction in TRA:RAA, after BMV (0.26 to 0.12; p < 0.05). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the predictors of TR reduction were: age less than 24 years (r = 0.56, p < 0.004), cardiothoracic ratio measured on chest X-ray > 60% (r = 0.43, p < 0.002) and pre-BMV pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) > 50 mm Hg (r = 0.51, p < 0.001).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plasma fibrinogen--an independent risk factor for ischaemic heart disease.

Although several risk factors have been identified for ischaemic heart disease, yet their predictive value on an individual basis remains rather low. Hence there is a need to identify other variables that can be associated with ischaemic heart disease. Fibrinogen level has been associated as an independent risk factor in studies undertaken in the west. This study was done to find out whether fibrinogen level is a risk factor in Indian populations. Out of 131 consecutive male subjects undergoing coronary angiogram over a four-month period, 98 were found to have ischaemic heart disease based on angiogram. Fibrinogen levels (estimated using the Clauss method) were higher in patients with ischaemic heart disease when compared with controls (374 +/- 11.9 vs 268 +/- 14.9 p < 0.0001). In the multivariate analysis it was found that fibrinogen levels more than 300 mg percent had an odds ratio of 4.4 for ischaemic heart disease (confidence interval of 2.4 to 19). The only other variable associated with ischaemic heart disease other than fibrinogen, was low level of HDL. The fibrinogen levels were higher in patients with triple-vessel disease when compared with single or two-vessel disease. Our results are in agreement with the findings in the west that fibrinogen levels are a risk factor for ischaemic heart disease. This factor needs to be addressed seriously and steps taken to lower the fibrinogen level in clinical practice.

Analysis of Variance↗