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Biomedical subjects

J Jungmann

Publications and source records attributed to J Jungmann.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Quality of life of children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders. Results of the 1st multicenter study with an inventory to assess the quality of life in children and adolescents].

OBJECTIVE: A newly developed, disorder-nonspecific instrument to measure the quality of life in children and adolescents (ILK, Mattejat et al., 1998) was tested with regard to its ability to differentiate between psychiatric in- and outpatient samples. METHODS: 626 children and adolescents from regionally different in- and outpatient clinics completed the ILK questionnaire. The data obtained were first described and then analyzed by means of logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Whereas the descriptive analysis revealed that inpatients evaluated all areas of life more unfavorably than outpatients did, the logistic regression analysis modified these results. It became evident that some of the findings obtained were due to the effects of age and/or gender. However, given age and gender as covariates, there still remained some important life domains in which inpatients were more impaired than outpatients. CONCLUSIONS: The ILK turned out to be an efficient and economic instrument to measure the quality of life in children and adolescents depending on the severity of their disorder. Moreover, it is sensitive to effects of age and gender. As the ILK is able to reliably identify areas with a reduced quality of life, it offers valuable starting points for indications, therapy planning and initial therapeutic interventions.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2000

Two-dimensional fluorescence intensity distribution analysis: theory and applications.

A method of sample analysis is presented which is based on fitting a joint distribution of photon count numbers. In experiments, fluorescence from a microscopic volume containing a fluctuating number of molecules is monitored by two detectors, using a confocal microscope. The two detectors may have different polarizational or spectral responses. Concentrations of fluorescent species together with two specific brightness values per species are determined. The two-dimensional fluorescence intensity distribution analysis (2D-FIDA), if used with a polarization cube, is a tool that is able to distinguish fluorescent species with different specific polarization ratios. As an example of polarization studies by 2D-FIDA, binding of 5'-(6-carboxytetramethylrhodamine) (TAMRA)-labeled theophylline to an anti-theophylline antibody has been studied. Alternatively, if two-color equipment is used, 2D-FIDA can determine concentrations and specific brightness values of fluorescent species corresponding to individual labels alone and their complex. As an example of two-color 2D-FIDA, binding of TAMRA-labeled somatostatin-14 to the human type-2 high-affinity somatostatin receptors present in stained vesicles has been studied. The presented method is unusually accurate among fluorescence fluctuation methods. It is well suited for monitoring a variety of molecular interactions, including receptors and ligands or antibodies and antigens.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1999

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein Mnn10p/Bed1p is a subunit of a Golgi mannosyltransferase complex.

In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae many of the N-linked glycans on cell wall and periplasmic proteins are modified by the addition of mannan, a large mannose-containing polysaccharide. Mannan comprises a backbone of approximately 50 alpha-1,6-linked mannoses to which are attached many branches consisting of alpha-1,2-linked and alpha-1,3-linked mannoses. The initiation and subsequent elongation of the mannan backbone is performed by two complexes of proteins in the cis Golgi. In this study we show that the product of the MNN10/BED1 gene is a component of one of these complexes, that which elongates the backbone. Analysis of interactions between the proteins in this complex shows that Mnn10p, and four previously characterized proteins (Anp1p, Mnn9p, Mnn11p, and Hoc1p) are indeed all components of the same large structure. Deletion of either Mnn10p, or its homologue Mnn11p, results in defects in mannan synthesis in vivo, and analysis of the enzymatic activity of the complexes isolated from mutant strains suggests that Mnn10p and Mnn11p are responsible for the majority of the alpha-1, 6-polymerizing activity of the complex.

Enzyme Activation↗
PubMed1998

Multi-protein complexes in the cis Golgi of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase activity.

Anp1p, Van1p and Mnn9p constitute a family of membrane proteins required for proper Golgi function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We demonstrate that these proteins colocalize within the cis Golgi, and that they are physically associated in two distinct complexes, both of which contain Mnn9p. Furthermore, we identify two new proteins in the Anp1p-Mnn9p-containing complex which have homology to known glycosyltransferases. Both protein complexes have alpha-1, 6-mannosyltransferase activity, forming a series of poly-mannose structures. These reaction products also contain some alpha-1, 2-linked mannose residues. Our data suggest that these two multi-protein complexes are responsible for the synthesis and initial branching of the long alpha-1,6-linked backbone of the hypermannose structure attached to many yeast glycoproteins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

[An inventory for assessing the quality of life of children and adolescents--a pilot study].

Up to now, the quality of life of children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders has rarely been investigated. Not many suitable instruments are available. A new one is the "Inventory for the Assessment of the Quality of Live in Children and Adolescents" presented here. Objectives and underlying conceptual assumptions are discussed, followed by an explanation of the instrument itself (questionnaires, rating scales, etc.). Finally, experiences with the application of the instrument are reported together with initial empirical results from a clinical sample and a sample of high school students. These indicate that the instrument usefully assesses clinically relevant information about the quality of life of the patients. A broader empirical analysis of this method is being prepared.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1994

[Sex chromosome aberration with the 48 XYYY karyotype. A case report of the phenotype of a rare sex chromosome aneuploidy].

This is a case report on a 19-year-old patient with the chromosome constellation 48, XYYY. The patient showed signs of dysmorphism, mental retardation and problems in psychosocial functioning. A literature review revealed that individuals with this karyotype have widely varying phenotypes with regard not only to physical signs but also to brain functions and cognitive performance.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1993

MAC1, a nuclear regulatory protein related to Cu-dependent transcription factors is involved in Cu/Fe utilization and stress resistance in yeast.

The related transcription factors ACE1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and AMT1 of Candida glabrata are involved in copper metabolism by activating the transcription of copper metallothionein genes. ACE1 and AMT1 are 'copper-fist' transcription factors which possess a conserved cysteine-rich copper binding domain required for DNA binding. Here we report the identification of a nuclear protein from S. cerevisiae, MAC1, whose N-terminal region is highly similar to the copper and DNA binding domains of ACE1 and AMT1. Loss-of-function mutants of MAC1 have a defect in the plasma membrane Cu(II) and Fe(III) reductase activity, are slow growing, respiratory deficient, and hypersensitive to heat and exposure to cadmium, zinc, lead and H2O2. Conversely, a dominant gain-of-function mutant of MAC1 shows an elevated reductase activity and is hypersensitive to copper. We have identified two target genes of MAC1 whose altered expression in mutants of MAC1 can account for some of the observed mutant phenotypes. First, MAC1 is involved in basal level transcription of FRE1, encoding a plasma membrane component associated with both Cu(II) and Fe(III) reduction. Second, MAC1 is involved in the H2O2-induced transcription of CTT1, encoding the cytosolic catalase. This suggests that MAC1 may encode a novel metal-fist transcription factor required for both basal and regulated transcription of genes involved in Cu/Fe utilization and the stress response.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Resistance to cadmium mediated by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis.

Cadmium is a potent poison for living cells. In man, chronic exposure to low levels of cadmium results in damage to kidneys and has been linked to neoplastic disease and ageing, and acute exposure can cause damage to a variety of organs and tissues. Cadmium reacts with thiol groups and can substitute for zinc in certain proteins, but the reason for its toxicity in vivo remains uncertain. In eukaryotes, an important selective proteolysis pathway for the elimination of abnormal proteins that are generated under normal or stress conditions is ATP-dependent and mediated by the ubiquitin system. Substrates of this pathway are first recognized by ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (or auxiliary factors) which covalently attach ubiquitin, a small and highly conserved protein, to specific internal lysine residues of proteolytic substrates. Ubiquitinated substrates are then degraded by the proteasome, a multisubunit protease complex. Here we show that expression of this ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis pathway in yeast is activated in response to cadmium exposure and that mutants deficient in specific ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes are hypersensitive to cadmium. Moreover, mutants in the proteasome are hypersensitive to cadmium, suggesting that cadmium resistance is mediated in part by degradation of abnormal proteins. This indicates that a major reason for cadmium toxicity may be cadmium-induced formation of abnormal proteins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

A cost effective expert system to assist physicians: epileptologists' assistant.

While medical expert systems helped demonstrate that artificial intelligence was possible, few medical systems have been heralded as practical successes. We believe that expert systems will be practical successes if they cost effectively handle most of a physician's workload (i.e., routine care). To accomplish this goal, technology must appear invisible to the user; the system must be intuitive and anticipate users' needs. "Epileptologists' Assistant" is an example of our approach of combining a graphical user interface with an expert system and data base in a system to help in a routine specialty clinic. The goal is for two nurses and a physician to handle the workload of three physicians while increasing the quality of care. The current system reduces physician time by 66%. Our ultimate goal is to create a unified family of systems for medical specialties.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1990

Shedding of hyaluronate synthase from streptococci.

Hyaluronate synthase was shed into the culture medium from growing streptococci (group C) together with nascent hyaluronate. The mechanism of solubilization was analysed using isolated protoplast membranes. Solubilization increased when membranes were suspended in larger volumes, but it was temperature-independent and was not inhibited by protease inhibitors. Increased hyaluronate chain length enhanced solubilization. The soluble synthase could re-integrate into Streptococcal membranes in a saturable manner. The soluble synthase behaved like an integral membrane protein, although it was not integrated into phospholipid vesicles. In sucrose velocity centrifugation the synthase had a higher sedimentation rate in detergent-free solution, indicating that it existed in an aggregated state.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Social deprivation in early childhood: endangered development and prevention].

In view of present-day knowledge and findings relating to the development of young children, the stimulating interaction between the child and its social and material surroundings must be considered of supreme importance. Any disturbance or radical restriction of the structure of social relationships can thus seriously endanger the development of young children on all levels. Aspects of prevention are discussed with this in mind.

Arousal↗