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Biomedical subjects

J K Choe

Publications and source records attributed to J K Choe.

62 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Progesterone and estradiol in the saliva and plasma during the menstrual cycle.

Plasma and salivary progesterone and estradiol were measured throughout nine menstrual cycles and before and after intramuscular injection of progesterone in four women. Mean +/- standard error of the mean (SE) salivary progesterone increased significantly from 238.7 +/- 14.3 pg/ml in the proliferative phase to 475.3 +/- 39.8 pg/ml in the secretory phase (p less than 0.001). There was a highly significant correlation between plasma and salivary progesterone levels throughout the menstrual cycle (r = 0.5841, p = 0.001). The ratio of plasma to salivary progesterone was 6.4 during the proliferative phase and increased to 26.7 during the secretory phase. Free unbound progesterone as determined by equilibrium dialysis gave a mean +/- SE level of 126.8 +/- 6.9 pg/ml during the proliferative phase and increased significantly to 196.8 +/- 18.8 pg/ml during the secretory phase (p less than 0.001). The corresponding levels in the plasma were 88.5 +/- 11.2 pg/ml, which increased significantly to 332.2 +/- 39.2 pg/ml (p less than 0.001). Free progesterone constituted 53.7% and 41.4% of salivary progesterone during the proliferative and secretory phases, respectively, whereas the corresponding percentages in the plasma were 5.8% and 2.6%. Both plasma and salivary progesterone levels increased in a dose-dependent manner after an intramuscular injection of progesterone, with peak levels being attained from 2 to 3 hours after the injection. Salivary estradiol levels were 5 to 18 and 8 to 35 pg/ml in the proliferative and secretory phases, respectively, but showed no correlation with plasma estradiol levels. The findings are discussed in relationship to the origin of salivary progesterone and the potential use of it as an index of ovulation.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1983

Conventional versus laser reanastomosis of rabbit ligated uterine horns.

Conventional microsurgical reanastomosis was compared with laser microsurgical reanastomosis of the ligated uterine horn in the rabbit. Fourteen virgin female New Zealand white rabbits had both uterine horns ligated and divided at laparotomy. Four weeks later, seven rabbits had conventional microsurgical reanastomosis of the divided uterine horns after the ligated stumps were excised (group 1). The ligated uterine horns of the other seven animals were incised with a carbon dioxide laser with a power density of 637 to 796 W/cm2 followed by conventional microsurgical reanastomosis using polyglactin (Vicryl) 8-0 sutures (group 2). After six weeks, a laparotomy was performed to determine adhesion formation and uterine horn patency by chromopertubation. Adhesion formation was graded 0 (no adhesions) through 3 (extensive, dense adhesions) for each uterine horn. Only one uterine horn in the control group was not patent. Laser microsurgery produced significantly less adhesion (mean +/- SE, 0.79 +/- 0.24) than conventional microsurgery (2.29 +/- 0.13) (P less than .001). The findings indicate that laser microsurgical tubal reanastomosis produces significantly better results with less adhesion than the conventional microsurgical technique.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Partial hypopituitarism and hyperprolactinemia: successful induction of ovulation with bromocriptine and human menopausal gonadotropins.

The case of a patient who developed partial hypopituitarism (hypogonadotropism and growth hormone deficiency) following transphenoidal removal of a prolactinoma is described. Hypogonadotropism persisted despite restoration of normoprolactinemia with bromocriptine therapy. Successful induction of ovulation with human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) and bromocriptine suppression of the hyperprolactinemia was carried out, resulting in a pregnancy. The pros and cons of operative and nonoperative management of hyperprolactinemia are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A randomized study comparing the effect of standard versus short incubation of sperm and oocyte on subsequent pregnancy and implantation rates following in vitro fertilization embryo transfer.

Some data suggest that some sperm are associated with a toxic product that lowers embryo implantation rates when these sperm come in contact with the zona pellucida. The possibility exists that shortening the incubation time could improve pregnancy rates. A randomized prospective study was initiated to evaluate pregnancy and implantation rates with transfer of embryos formed by conventional overnight vs short (2-h) co-incubation of sperm and oocytes. The clinical and viable pregnancy rates were 41 and 29% for conventional co-incubation versus 30 and 30% for short co-incubation. Implantation rates were also similar (17.9 vs 17.8%). Short incubation does not seem to impact any advantage over conventional co-incubation techniques in couples undergoing in vitro fertilization where the male factor is normal.

Embryo Implantation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Increasing sperm concentration to adjust for subnormal sperm morphology did not adversely affect implantation after embryo transfer.

Some sperm specimens contribute to infertility not by impairing the fertilization process but by causing embryo implantation defects. One hypothesis is that a toxic factor attached to the sperm is transferred to the zona pellucida by the supernumerary sperm and then subsequently to the embryo membrane. One abnormality, as manifested by subnormal hypoosmotic swelling test (HOST) scores, causes these problems even with the small number of sperm that attach to the zona pellucida under normal physiologic conditions. This study evaluated whether the technique used to increase the oocyte insemination concentration of sperm to adjust for subnormal morphology values using strict criteria may allow a higher concentration of this purported toxic factor to attach to the zona pellucida, thus resulting in the dissimilitude of normal fertilization rate but low implantation rate. A comparison of the pregnancy and implantation rate of embryos formed by insemination of this adjusted sperm concentration of < or = 200,000 sperm vs. those inseminated with the normal concentration of 25,000 sperm failed to demonstrate any differences. Thus, the technique of increasing sperm concentration to adjust for low sperm morphology to improve fertilization rates does not seem to adversely affect implantation rates as long as the HOST scores are normal.

Embryo Implantation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cumulative probability of pregnancy following IVF with ICSI and fresh or frozen embryo transfer.

The authors studied the cumulative probability of pregnancy for up to 4 consecutive embryo transfer (ET) cycles with ICSI performed for male factor. Transfers could be either fresh or frozen. The clinical pregnancy rate (PR) for the first 4 cycles were similar [44% (61/366); 31% (44/138); 45% (14/31); 44% (4/9)]. Delivery rates were also similar. There was a lower PR on the second retrieval vs. the first retrieval (47% vs. 29%), but this may be related to most of the second retrievals occurring in the second transfer cycle (67%, 31/55); this may be explained by women who were poor responders and required another retrieval without a frozen ET. The majority of transfers in cycle 1 were fresh, whereas cycles 2-4 used primarily frozen-thawed embryos. These data should be helpful for patients requiring IVF with ICSI in deciding to continue with more IVF cycles or consider other

Cryopreservation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro fertilization with intracytoplasmic sperm injection is an effective therapy for male factor infertility related to subnormal hypo-osmotic swelling test scores.

The aim of the study was to determine if intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) would be an effective therapy for mates with subnormal hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) scores, a condition known to prevent implantation of embryos despite allowing normal fertilization and embryo formation. Couples in whom the male partner had a HOST score of <50% and failed to achieve a pregnancy despite at least 3 cycles of intrauterine insemination with chymotrypsin-galactose-treated sperm were treated with in vitro fertilization (IVF) with ICSI. The clinical and viable pregnancy rates were 49.0% and 45.3% (n = 53). The implantation rate was 27.1%. These data thus demonstrate that ICSI is an effective therapy for infertile couples in whom the male partner has a subnormal hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) score. Previous studies using conventional IVF without ICSI when HOS was subnormal found normal fertilization rates but a marked reduction in pregnancy and implantation rates. The very acceptable pregnancy and implantation rates demonstrated in this study with ICSI is consistent with the hypothesis that the defect associated with sperm that have subnormal HOST scores is not related to the single spermatozoon that is responsible for fertilizing the oocyte but may be related to a toxic factor associated with the supernumerary sperm attached to the zona pellucida.

Adult↗