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Biomedical subjects

J K Larsen

Publications and source records attributed to J K Larsen.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Characterization of bladder tumours by flow cytometry on bladder washings.

The DNA content of individual nuclei in bladder washings was estimated by means of flow cytometry. A method of preparation using a detergent to produce single nuclei was used. By means of a differential count the DNA distribution was corrected for the content of leucocytes. The DNA histograms were divided into a 2c fraction containing nuclei with less than 3c DNA, a 4c fraction with 3c--6c DNA and an 8c fraction with more than 6c DNA. Three groups of patients were investigated: 17 patients with invasive bladder tumours, 38 patients with non-invasive bladder tumours, and 22 patients with normal bladders. The washings from patients with invasive tumours contained significantly larger 4c and 8c fractions than washings from normal bladders. There was a correlation between cell anaplasia and the DNA distribution: grade III bladder tumours had larger 4c and 8c fractions than grade II tumours.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1978

Changes in gastric mucosal cell proliferation after antrectomy or vagotomy in man.

The rate of gastric epithelial cell proliferation was studied in peptic ulcer patients treated by partial gastrectomy or proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV). Endoscopic biopsies were incubated in vitro with 3H-thymidine and autoradiographs were prepared. The percentage of DNA-synthesizing cells (labeling index) in the progenitor cell region was estimated. Five patients were studied before and 3 months after antrectomy, whereas six other subjects were studied before and 2 weeks and 2 months after PGV. The results indicate that epithelial cell proliferation in fundic mucosa is accelerated after antrectomy in man and that PGV is followed by an increased rate of cell renewal in fundic and antral mucosa, whereas the kinetic parameters in duodenal mucosa remain unaffected by this operation. It is concluded that the proliferative changes after these operations are most likely caused by the development of gastritis. The study did not support the hypothesis that gastrin exerts a physiological trophic action on human gastric mucosa.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Gastric mucosal cell proliferation and immunoglobulin-containing cells in Ménétriér's Disease.

The amount of immunoglobulin-containing cells in gastric mucosa from 6 patients with Ménétriér's disease was estimated. Furthermore, the rate of gastric epithelial cell proliferation was sutdied in 4 of the patients. Fluorescent antisera specifically reacting with IgA, IgG and IgM were applied, and accordingly the cells were differentiated and quantitated. Other biopsies were labelled in vitro with 3H-thymidine and autoradiographs were prepared. The percentage of DNA-synthesising cells in the progenitor cell region was estimated. The number of IgM-containing cells in the gastric fundic mucosa was markedly increased, while the rate of epithelial cell proliferation was increased in 2 cases and within normal range in the remaining 2 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Relationship between gastric acid secretion, histopathology, and cell proliferation kinetics in human gastric mucosa.

Cell proliferation of gastric antral and fundic mucosa was studied in a series of patients with different gastric diseases. After in vitro incubation of endoscopic biopsies with tritiated thymidine, radioautographs were prepared by the dipping technique. The labeling indices were estimated, and the biopsies were classified according to the degree of gastritis. The peak acid output after "maximal" stimulation with histamine was also determined. A highly significant inverse correlation between peak acid output and the labeling indices in both antral and fundic mucosa was demonstrated. The correlation between the degree of gastritis and the labeling indices in antral and fundic mucosa was also statistically significant. The results indicate that a significant inverse relationship exists between the acid secretory capacity of the gastric mucosa and the rate of cell proliferation in both antral and fundic mucosa. Furthermore, the data suggest that an increasing degree of gastritis in human gastric mucosa is followed by an increased rate of epithelial cell proliferation.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

DNA-binding proteins in Yoshida ascites tumor fluid.

DNA-binding proteins were isolated from Yoshida ascites tumor fluid by chromatography on DNA-cellulose. This fraction represents 1-2% of the total ascites protein. Most of the DNA-binding proteins will bind to phosphocellulose as well. The proteins migrate by agarose gel electrophoresis at pH 8.6 as alpha and beta globulins. Quantitative immunoelectrophoresis revealed the presence of 12-18 proteins. SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis indicated molecular weights ranging from 3-10(4) to 10(6). Seven of the proteins were identified by specific immunoprecipitation as beta1-Eglobulin, beta2-glycoprotein I, fibrinogen split product E (fibrinogen E), coagulation factor XIII (factor XIII), alpha2-macroglobulin, IgG and IgM. Alpha1-antichymotrypsin might also be represented. In nuclear extracts of the tumor cells only factor XIII was present. With the exception of fibrinogen E and P5 all recognized DNA-binding proteins are present in normal rat plasma. With increasing tumor age the concentration of fibrinogen E, factor XIII, P5 and IgM increased both in ascites fluid and in plasma, while the concentration of other DNA-binding-proteins decreased or remained constant. Evidence is presented that the DNA- and phosphocellulose binding ascites protein fraction inhibit tumor cell growth. No inhibition was induced by corresponding protein fractions isolated from normal rat plasma.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Sleep deprivation as treatment for endogenous depression.

Twenty-six depressed patients, 19 of whom suffered from an endogenous depression, were sleep-deprived for one night, and eight of these were additionally sleep-deprived for three to nine nights with two sleep deprivations per week. While the sleep deprivation was being carried through, none of the patients were treated with tricyclic antidepressants. The patients were rated before and after the sleep deprivation(s). Sleep deprivation appeared to be effective for both unipolar and bipolar depressions. According to the rating scale an improvement was registered especially when the clinical picture was characterized by depressed mood, psycho-motor retardation and anxiety. As sleep deprivation cured 25% of the patients and further incidentally improved another 20% of the patients, it can be concluded that sleep deprivation seems to be a valuable treatment, especially in retarded endogenous depressions.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effect of gastrin on gastric mucosal cell proliferation in man.

The effect of short-term infusion of a large dose of pentagastrin and a small dose of synthetic human gastrin I (SHG) on the rate of cell proliferation in gastric mucosa was studied in normal human subjects. Moreover, the kinetic parameters were compared with the serum gastrin concentrations in fasting patients. Endoscopic biopsies were labelled in vitro with 3H-thymidine and autoradiographs were prepared. The percentage of DNA-synthesising cells in the progenitor cell region was estimated. In healthy volunteers infusion of a large dose of pentagastrin (10 mug/kg per hour) was followed by a marked increase in the labelling index in fundic mucosa. The antral mucosa was not responsive to this effect. In the same subjects, infusion of a low dose of SHG (8 ng/kg per min) did not affect the rate of cell proliferation, either in fundic or in antral mucosa. In 46 patients with different gastric diseases no correlation between the serum gastrin concentrations and the labelling indices was found. The results suggest that human fundic mucosa is responsive to a trophic action of pentagastrin. If it exists, however, a physiological action of gastrin as a trophic hormone for human gastric mucosa must be considerably more complex than previously believed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Critical issues in mental health service delivery: what are the priorities?

The director, one other professional, and one para-professional in 515 community mental health centers and 193 state hospitals throughout the United States were asked to rate 57 critical issues in mental health services as to their importance now and five years from now. Issues judged most important now are services for children and for adolescents; five years from now children's services still top the list. Answers to two other questions revealed that respondents placed research on prevention at the top of a list of needed research areas, and that the most useful NIMH service to agencies was person-to-person assistance such as consultation and workshops.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Cell proliferation kinetics in normal human gastric mucosa. Studies on diurnal fluctuations and effect of food ingestion.

Cell proliferation of human gastric mucosa was studied in 3 healthy subjects. Biopsies were obtained from the antral and fundic part of the stomach through a fiber gastroscope. After in vitro incubation with tritiated thymidine, autoradiographs were prepared by the dipping technique. Labeling and mitotic indices were estimated. The number of DNA-synthesizing cells and the mitotic frequencies were higher in antral mucosa compared to mucosa in the fundic part of the stomach. Biopsies were taken after 12 hr of fasting and at various intervals during the following day. It was not possible to demonstrate any diurnal variations in the labeling and mitotic indices. Furthermore, biopsies were taken at various intervals after ingestion of a protein-rich meal, preceded by 12 hr of fasting. Significant changes in cell proliferation were not found either in antral or in fundic mucosa, indicating that a meal does not affect the rate of cell renewal in human gastric mucosa.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A method to study cell proliferation kinetics in human gastric mucosa.

The purpose of this investigation was to study cell proliferation kinetics in human gastric mucosa. Biopsies were taken from the antral and fundic part of the stomach through a fibre-gastroscope and incubated in culture medium containing a DNA-precursor (3-H-thymidine). Autoradiographs were prepared by the dipping technique. The number of labelled cells and the total number of cells in all cross sections of foveolae containing one or more labelled cells were counted. The labelling index (LI), which is defined as the percentage of labelled cells in the progenitor cell region, was estimated. When only cross sections with labelled cells are taken into consideration, the labelling index will be a little overestimated. In order to reduce this error a formula for correction was worked out. Thirty-six patients with different gastric diseases were studied. The observer error was minimal, and the results were highly reproducible. It was not possible to demonstrate any correlation between the labelling indices in antral and fundic mucosa. A significantly increased epithelial proliferation was found in fundic mucosa from patients with gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis.

Adult↗