Biomedical subjects

J K Moreno

Publications and source records attributed to J K Moreno.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1995

Personal and familial substance misuse patterns among eating disordered and depressed subjects.

A personal and familial history of substance misuse problems was obtained from 25 anorectic, 43 bulimic, and 33 obese women admitted to an inpatient treatment unit for eating disorders. Similar data was also collected on 40 noneating disordered, depressed women admitted to a general psychiatric ward at the same facility. Results showed significant differences between groups, with bulimic subjects reporting greater frequency of both personal and familial substance misuse problems across all groups. In addition, bulimic subjects with personal substance misuse problems reported a significantly greater frequency of familial substance misuse. However, bulimic subjects with and without substance misuse problems reported similar frequencies of familial substance misuse problems. Results point out the complex interaction of dispositional and situational variables in the formation of substance misuse problems in eating disorders, and the need to examine more completely the substance misuse and developmental histories of eating disordered patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Hostility in depression.

Subjects (39 men and 30 women) from two university counseling centers and one university medical center were administered the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory, the State-Trait Anger Scale, and the Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire. Results showed significant positive correlations between self-reported severity of depression and all subtypes of hostility including behavior, attitude, affect, intropunitiveness, and extrapunitiveness. Hierarchical regression analysis using demographic and hostility variables as predictors of depression scores showed increasing age, lower education, and female gender to account for 50% of the explained variance. The Intropunitive subscale from the Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire accounted for an additional 19% of the explained variance and was the single most powerful predictor of depression. Correlational analysis showed women tending to have higher scores on most hostility measures. Implications of these results with respect to theory and clinical practice are discussed.

Anger↗

PubMed1993

Measurement of hostility, anger, and depression in depressed and nondepressed subjects.

This study examined the relationship between hostility and depression in depressed and nondepressed subjects as well as the reliability and validity of several measures of anger, hostility and depression. Sixty-nine subjects were evaluated for depression using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD; Hamilton, 1960). These subjects were then administered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; Beck, Ward, Mendelson, Mock, & Ergaugh, 1961), Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI; Buss & Durkee, 1957), Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire (HDHQ; Foulds, Caine, & Creasy, 1960) and the State-Trait Anger Scale (STAS; Spielberger, Jacobs, Russell, & Crane, 1983). Results showed the BDI, STAS-TRAIT, HDHQ, and BDHI to have good temporal stability. Support was found for the convergent validity of all measures of depression, hostility, and anger. Limited discriminant validity was found between measures of anger and hostility and measures of depression. This latter finding was interpreted as lending support for the relationship between hostility and depression rather than as an indication of limited construct validity for the measures. Intercorrelations among hostility, anger, and depression scales offer some support for the hypothesis that depression is linked most strongly with attitudinal versus motoric forms of hostility. However, normative data suggests that both forms of hostility increase with severity of depression. Clinical implications and directions for further research are discussed.

Adult↗