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Biomedical subjects

J K Morrison

Publications and source records attributed to J K Morrison.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Fish infected with Sphaerospora spp. Thélohan (Myxosporea) from waters enzootic for proliferative kidney disease of salmonids.

Sphaerospores were found among three species of fish examined from waters known to be enzootic for proliferative kidney disease (PKD) of salmonids. They were detected in the renal tubules of both hatchery-reared rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) exposed to the infectious stage of PKD and in chubs (Gila bicolor) in the headwaters of a hatchery where PKD is enzootic. Sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) collected near net pens where Pacific salmon had experienced a PKD epizootic were also found to harbor sphaerospores in the lumen of the kidney tubules. The latter two host species contained developmental stages of a myxosporidan in the blood and in the lumen of the kidney tubules which are similar to those of PKX, the causative agent of PKD in salmonid fish. The sphaerospores observed in the rainbow trout are the first to be observed in this species. The similarity to previously observed developmental stages, rarity, and presence of these sphaerospores in salmonid fish from a hatchery where PKD is enzootic suggest that they are the most mature stage of the PKX myxosporidan yet observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Reducing students' fear of mental illness by means of seminar-induced belief change.

Demonstrated that through brief demythologizing, college students' (N = 32) attitudes toward mental illness could be changed significantly in a non-medical model or psychosocial direction and that this attitude change apparently induced students to report a significantly reduced fear of contracting mental illness. Pretest-follow-up data comparisons confirmed the validity of these findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Patient's adjustment to family-care as related to their perceptions of real-ideal differences in treatment environments.

Moos (1974) has extended Roger's (1951) concept of real-ideal self-differences to evaluate patient's perceptions of real and ideal treatment environments. Real-ideal discrepancies in patient's judgments of treatment environments in both inpatient and community treatment programs were found by Moos to be negatively correlated with their ratings of general satisfaction with the program, liking for the staff, perceived opportunity for personal development, and positively correlated with self-rated anxiety.

Acting Out↗
PubMed1980

The public's current beliefs about mental illness: serious obstacle to effective community psychology.

A demythologizing, educational approach to the community is outlined and recent empirical studies are summarized which demonstrate that beliefs in favor of the mental illness concept can be significantly changed. Such conceptual change, reflecting an acceptance of a psychosocial paradigm of psychological problems, apparently induces a seminar participants a number of desirable effects from a community psychology perspective: an increased positive image of the mental patient, increased positive self-attributions, decreased fear ratings of mental patients, and a decreased fear of becoming insane. The importance of these findings for community psychology is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Halfway to where? A critique of research on psychiatric halfway houses.

Following a critical review of halfway house outcomes studies, the authors concluded that the effectiveness of halfway houses in facilitating the independent functioning of psychiatric clients in the community is open to question. It appears that because major deficiencies in the areas of autonomous atmospheres, employment training and community adjustment are often concealed by limitations in statistical indices of success. Further research is necessary before more definitive conclusions can be drawn related to the effectiveness of psychiatric halfway houses. Specific, suggested requirements for future research efforts are presented.

Halfway Houses↗
PubMed1978

Comparative effectiveness of directive vs. nondirective group therapist style on client problem resolution.

This study was designed to determine the utility of two newly developed self-report measures of group therapy effectiveness. Repeated administrations of these instruments indicated that group therapy was effective in inducing significant problem resolution and that these changes were stable on a 3-month follow-up. One of the measures also suggested that the nondirective style of therapy appeared to be more effective than the directive style. Results suggest that two self-report measures may be useful in studies designed to determine both the outcome as well as the process of group psychotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Changing students' constructs of mental patients by means of educative seminars.

Demonstrated that through a brief, didactic, demythologizing approach, college students' attitudes toward mental illness can be changed in a psychosocial or non-medical model direction. Furthermore, results indicate that such an approach effectively can change students' somewhat negative constructs of mental patients in a positive direction.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Simplified use of the semantic differential to measure psychotherapy outcome.

To initially establish the validity and utility of a simplified use of the Semantic Differential to measure psychotherapy outcome, 14 clients were administered, before and after 15 sessions of individual psychotherapy, the Semantic Differential and a symptom checklist. As predicted, results indicated that change of clients' self-constructs in a positive direction was associated with symptom reduction. Implications for psychotherapy research are discussed.

Adult↗