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Biomedical subjects

J Kamper

Publications and source records attributed to J Kamper.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Prolonged intrathecal chemotherapy replacing cranial irradiation in high-risk acute lymphatic leukaemia: long-term follow up with cerebral computed tomography scans and endocrinological studies.

UNLABELLED: Cranial irradiation in children with acute lymphatic leukaemia (ALL) decreases the risk of CNS relapse but is associated with serious long-term side-effects. We present the long-term outcome of 21 children with high-risk ALL who received prolonged intrathecal chemotherapy instead of the recommended cranial irradiation. Intrathecal triple therapy (methotrexate, hydrocortisone, and cytarabine) was administered every 2nd month throughout the maintenance phase. The average number of courses of intrathecal methotrexate was 8.7 and of triple 9.0. The 5-year event-free survival was 79%. No CNS relapses occurred. CT scan was performed at diagnosis, at cessation of therapy, and 3 years thereafter. No density abnormalities, pathological contrast enhancement, ventricular dilatation, or calcifications were found. One child showed cortical atrophy both at diagnosis and at cessation of therapy. There was a slight decrease in height SDS with time but no change in weight SDS. Delayed bone age was found in 5 children. No abnormalities of growth hormone, thyroid, adrenal, or gonadal function were observed. CONCLUSION: The study indicates that extended intrathecal chemotherapy in children with high-risk ALL may provide an effective protection from CNS relapses and is associated with a low risk of long-term side-effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Early treatment with nasal continuous positive airway pressure and "minimal handling". Early and late prognosis in children with birth weight under 1,501 g].

During 1988 and 1989 a regional cohort of 81 infants with birth weights of less than 1501 g were treated with oxygen (n = 11), early continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (n = 68) or mechanical ventilation from birth (n = 2). We used an easily applicable lightweight CPAP system with nasal prongs and a gas jet supplemented with ventilator treatment if necessary, but with conservative criteria for ventilator treatment with tolerance of high PCO2. A total of 65 infants (80%) survived to discharge, 61 of whom were supported solely with CPAP or oxygen. Nineteen infants (26%) developed periventricular-intraventricular haemorrhage, but only four survivors (6%) developed prognostically significant bleedings of grade 2-4. No survivors had bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Follow-up at 1.5-5 years of age revealed definite disabilities in seven (11%). The results suggest that treatment by early CPAP with nasal prongs with tolerance of high PCO2 may be effective and lenient in most infants of more than 25 weeks' gestation.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1994

Nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections in a paediatric department.

The seasonal problem of respiratory infections in children caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is worldwide. A number of these infections are known to occur by nosocomial acquisition. In order to reduce the risk, measures, such as cohort nursing and handwashing, have been used in the paediatric department of Odense University Hospital for three years. In a retrospective evaluation of this routine practice the incidence of nosocomial RSV infections was recorded. The overall rate of nosocomial infection was low, but was proportionally highest in the unit for children aged under 6 months; no change in incidence was seen over the three-year period. In the infectious disease unit, where the majority of RSV infected children were admitted, the rate of nosocomial infection decreased despite an unchanged routine. This difference cannot be explained simply on the basis of longer hospital admission of the children under 6 months of age, but might relate to acquired immunity in children of all ages in the infectious diseases unit or better facilities for segregation within that unit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Use of ultrasonography for the diagnosis of breast tumors].

In the paper, the use of USG is presented in the diagnosis of breast tumours. On the basis of own material from the Breast Disease Diagnosis Unit, the authors presented the usefulness of USG examination in detection of breast diseases as easily available, non-invasive and not cumbersome for the patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Neonatal pediatrics in Denmark. Referral and capacity, 1990].

A investigation on neonatal intensive care in Denmark was carried out in October 1990 based on a questionnaire. The eighteen paediatric departments in the country with neonatal intensive care units all answered the questionnaire. The neonatal capacity and its distribution in different parts of Denmark, the level of medical qualifications, the routines for transferral to departments with higher specialization and for certain treatment procedures are described. Several variations in diagnostic and therapeutic routines were found between departments with the same level of specialization. The results are compared to the findings of a similar investigation in 1984. It was found that the neonatal bed-capacity has been reduced since 1984. It was also found that this capacity is relatively smaller in the eastern part of Denmark than in the western part, and that neonatal intensive care is centralized in the eastern part and decentralized in the western part of Denmark. Compared to 1984 better access to radiological and biochemical service has been achieved, and neonatal care is to a greater degree performed by a specialist in paediatrics.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1993

[Neonatal pediatrics in Denmark. Therapeutic routines in care of very low birth weight infants and very premature infants, 1990].

A questionnaire on neonatal carried intensive care in Denmark was carried out in October 1990. The eighteen paediatric departments in the country with neonatal intensive care units all answered the questionnaire. The routines concerning transferral to a higher level of specialization, and the treatment procedures for children with a birthweight below 1500 grams and/or a gestational age under 32 weeks are described. Major regional variations were found in the degree of centralization of treatment, especially between the eastern and western part of Denmark. In an international perspective to neonatal intensive care Denmark seems to be modest with respect to initiation of treatment and the use of technology.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1993

Early treatment with nasal continuous positive airway pressure in very low-birth-weight infants.

During 1988 and 1989, a regional cohort of 81 infants with birth weights less than 1501 g were treated with oxygen only (n = 11), early continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (n = 68) or mechanical ventilation from birth (n = 2). We used an easily applicable lightweight CPAP system with nasal prongs and a gas jet supplemented with ventilator treatment if necessary, but with conservative criteria for ventilator treatment with tolerance of high PCO2. A total of 65 infants (80%) survived to discharge, 61 of whom were supported solely with CPAP or oxygen. Nineteen infants (26%) developed periventricular-intraventricular haemorrhage, but only 4 survivors (6%) developed prognostically significant bleedings grade 2-4. No survivors had bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Follow-up at 12-39 months of age revealed definite disabilities in 6 (10%) and suspected disabilities in 2 of 62 long-term survivors. The results suggest that treatment by early CPAP with nasal prongs with tolerance of high PCO2 may be effective and lenient in most infants more than 25 weeks' gestation.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1993

Sex dependent transmission of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome associated with a reciprocal translocation t(9;11)(p11.2;p15.5).

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), a disorder associated with neonatal hypoglycaemia, increased growth potential, and predisposition to Wilms's tumour (WT) and other malignancies, has been mapped to 11p15. The association with 11p15 duplications of paternal origin, of balanced translocations and inversions with breakpoints within 11p15.4-p15.5 of maternal origin, and the demonstration of uniparental paternal 11p15 isodisomy in some sporadic cases point towards the involvement of genomic imprinting. In agreement with this, we show the paternal origin of a de novo 9;11 translocation in a phenotypically normal mother, whose carrier daughter developed BWS. This supports the fact that BWS associated with balanced chromosome mutations is transmitted in the same sex dependent pattern as non-cytogenetic forms of familial BWS.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[Infantile constipation and Allomin-lactulose. Treatment of infantile obstipation in infants fed with breast milk substitutes. A controlled clinical trial of 2 per cent and 4 per cent Allomin-lactulose].

The Authors investigated the effects of Allomin with admixture of 2% and 4% lactulose on constipation in infants aged 0-6 months reared on breast-milk substitutes. The investigation was randomized and double-blind and was carried out during the period 1.4.1987-31.7.1988 on non-hospitalized infants in the counties of Funen and North Jutland in cooperation with the health visitors in these regions. Constipation was defined as hard and difficult defaecation and the trial period lasted for 14 days. Parents of the infants who participated classified the infants' motions according to consistence and degree of difficulty in defaecation on special forms. A total of 220 children participated and these received, after randomizing, either Allomin-lactulose 2% or 4% as the only breast-milk substitute during the period of observation. The effect of treatment was defined as "no constipation" i.e. all motions during 24 hours described as easy and of normal or thin consistence. In addition, the effect was measured by the parents' general impression of what the infant thrived best on. With both of the preparations, treatment was effective in over 90% of the infants in both the groups without significant difference. The effect occurred gradually and, in some cases, up to 8-10 days after initiation of treatment without significant difference in the rate of effect between the groups. After the effect had commenced, significantly fewer thin motions occurred in the 2% group than in the 4% group. 92% of the infants in the 2% group and 91% in the 4% group wanted to continue the Allomin-lactulose preparation rather than the usual breast-milk substitute. A retrospective questionnaire to parents of 97 infants who had continued with Allomin-lactulose 2% was answered by 84.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1988

Prostaglandin E1 treatment in ductus dependent congenital cardiac malformation. A review of the treatment of 34 neonates.

Thirty-four sick neonates with major duct dependent cardiac defects were given short term (1 h-408 h) intravenous infusions of prostaglandin E1 (alprostadil) in doses varying between 0.1 micrograms/kg/min (starting dose) and 0.01 micrograms/kg/min. The aim of the study was to establish an effective and safe regiment that could be initiated after clinical diagnosis of a severe duct dependent cardiac defect, whose clinical course would be adversely affected by ductus closure. After an initial dosage of 0.1 micrograms/kg/min, effective clinical improvement was achieved in 28 infants (82%). In all 28 responders, the effect was maintained at a reduced dosage of 0.05 micrograms/kg/min, and in 21 a low dosage of 0.01 micrograms/kg/min was effective. Side effects, which occurred in 21 infants (62%), were reversible and dose related, and no serious side effects were noted at a dosage of less than 0.05 micrograms/kg/min. A starting dose of 0.05 micrograms/kg/min with subsequent reduction is recommended, but in case of institution of treatment before transfer to a pediatric cardiac centre a lower starting dose of 0.01 micrograms/kg/min may be preferred.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1987

Diagnosis and treatment of neuroblastoma using metaiodobenzylguanidine.

Neuroblastoma is a lethal and not uncommon tumor in childhood. Early detection and display of the spread of the tumor is highly desirable for proper treatment. Nine children suspected of having neuroblastomas were examined by I-131 metaiodobenzylguanidine (I-131 MIBG) imaging. In two recent studies I-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (I-123 MIBG) was used. A primary adrenal neuroblastoma was correctly identified in three cases. In two patients additional tumor sites were found. In one patient, who was in complete remission, no pathologic accumulation of I-131 MIBG was found. I-131 MIBG images were also normal in four patients with other types of neoplastic diseases. A boy with multiple metastases was treated with 100 mCi of I-131 MIBG. He developed transient gastrointestinal illness and there was no regression of the tumor deposits. In one girl with a large adrenal neuroblastoma high uptake of I-131 MIBG was observed. She received two therapy doses of I-131 MIBG (35 mCi and 75 mCi) with curative intention giving a total absorbed dose in the tumor of approximately 76 Gy. In spite of high retention of radioactivity in the tumor, regression did not occur, but her general condition was improved. In the present study, images of superior quality were obtained with I-123 MIBG imaging. It is concluded that imaging using I-131 MIBG or I-123 MIBG should be used in both the initial evaluation and the follow-up of children with neuroblastoma.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1986

Diagnosis and treatment of neuroblastoma using 131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine.

Neuroblastoma is a lethal and not uncommon tumor in childhood. Early detection and display of the spread of the tumor is highly desirable for proper treatment. Nine children suspected of having neuroblastoma were examined by 131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (131I-MIBG) scintigraphy. In two recent studies 123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) was used. A primary adrenal neuroblastoma was correctly identified in 3 cases. In 2 patients additional tumor sites were found. In one patient, who was in complete remission, no pathological accumulation of 131I-MIBG was found. 131I-MIBG scintigraphies were also normal in 4 patients with other types of tumor. In one girl with a large adrenal neuroblastoma high uptake of 131I-MIBG was observed. She received two therapy doses of 131I-MIBG (1300-2800 MBq) with curative intention giving a total absorbed dose in the tumor of approximately 90 Gy. In spite of high retention of radioactivity in the tumor, regression did not appear, but her general condition was improved. In the present study images of superior quality were obtained by 123I-MIBG scintigraphy. It is concluded that scintigraphy with 131I- or 123I-MIBG should be used for primary visualization and control of neuroblastomas.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗