Biomedical subjects
J Kariks
Publications and source records attributed to J Kariks.
Chlamydia trachomatis and SIDS.
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Diaphragmatic muscle fibre necrosis in SIDS.
Observations of acute muscle fibre necrosis, as seen in 242 sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) cases is described. The lesion is a focal acute anoxic muscle fibre coagulative necrosis in some cases followed by myocytolysis, central vacuolation, macrophage and phagocytic cell infiltrate, stromal condensation and scarring.
Cardiac lesions in sudden infant death syndrome.
Sequential morphological changes as found in the hearts of 250 sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) infants are described. Detailed examination of macroscopic and microscopic lesions reveal that all SIDS infants had identifiable lesions at the time of their death. The lesions can best be described as selective focal anoxic muscle fibre necrosis at chronologically different developmental stages. The extent of these lesions vary markedly from case to case, from a minimal muscle fibre eosinophilia through contraction band formation, myocytolysis, stromal condensation to scar formation. The morphological variations in the lesions amongst individual cases can be interpreted as relating to the time interval of the development of the lesions. The intramural and coronary arteries in some cases are also affected showing intimal hyperplasia. Although these sequential morphological aberrations are not specific and typical to SIDS infants only, they were present in all SIDS infants in this series.
Comparison of the septal areas in New Guinean and European brains.
In 1966, septal nuclei of unusual size in brains of kuru-diseased Fore people from the Eastern Highlands of New Guinea were reported (Beck and Gajdusek, 1966). Microscopic investigation which did not reveal any pathological changes in these nuclei led to the question of whether their large size could be a characteristic feature of the Fore (and perhaps also of other ethnic groups of New Guinea), rather than a consequence of the disease. We had at our disposal brains from patients of coastal areas of New Guinea who did not suffer from kuru. The septal areas of eight cases were investigated by serial sections and compared to those of nine European brains. No difference in size comparable to that reported in the earlier study could be detected. We conclude that a possible pecularity in the size of the septal nuclei of Fore people cannot be generalized to the entire population of New Guinea.
Is shock the mode of death in SIDS?
Sequential morphological changes as found in the organs of 179 SIDS infants are described. Detailed examination of macroscopic and microscopic heart lesions reveal extensive myocardial lesions which can be best described as selective focal anoxic muscle fibre necrosis at different developmental stages. Varying from case to case the myocardial lesions present themselves in an acute and subacute phases, and in most cases both phases are present at the same time. These lesions are shown to be identical with the myocardial lesions as encountered in shock and many other conditions observed in clinical cases and in experimental laboratory animals. Lesions in other organs are consistent with the effects due to cardiogenic shock. A conclusion is reached that cardiogenic shock leading to acute cardiac failure is the primary final cause of death in all SIDS infants.
Neuropathological findings in coastal Papua New Guineans.
A number of previously unreported neuropathological findings in 31 unselected coastal Papua New Guineans are discussed. A peculiar and previously unknown calcification around the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata in two children is described in detail. Our results suggest that more frequent neuropathological investigations are needed in Papua New Guinea.
The effect of age on bone composition and viability in the femoral head.
We studied the effect of age on bone composition and osteocyte viability in femoral heads from fifty-one subjects. The assessment included determination of: bone volume, ash weight, calcium, and phosphorus content; osteocyte viability in fresh sections stained for lactate dehydrogenase activity; microfractures in fresh sections after removal of marrow elements; bone area, the presence of metabolic bone disease, and the histology of microfractures in embedded calcified sections; and the extent of trabecular microfractures. Bone area and numbers of microfractures were also assessed in eight elderly hip-fracture patients. Bone volume decreased with age, but there was considerable variation in each age group, and no significant difference between men and women. Ash weight and the bone content of calcium and phosphorus also decreased with age, but were constant if corrected for bone volume. Almost all osteocytes were viable in subjects who were younger than twenty-five years, and thereafter viability progressively decreased to a mean of 74 per cent in the eighth decade of life. There was a significant negative correlation between osteocyte viability and age. There was no evidence of metabolic bone disease in any patient. The numbers of microfractures increased with age and correlated negatively with bone viability (r = -0.31, p less than 0.05); in simple linear correlation a relationship between bone area and microfractures could not be demonstrated but in multiple linear correlation, after the inclusion of bone viability, there was an additional negative correlation between numbers of microfractures and bone area (p less than 0.005). Bone area and numbers of microfractures in hip-fracture patients were similar to those in age-matched controls.
A convenient method for detecting Trichomonas vaginitis.
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Extensive damage to substantia nigra in chronic alcoholics.
Neuronal depigmentation, necrosis, and increased pigment (melanin) and iron depositions in the perivascular spaces have been observed in the substantia nigra in chronic alcoholics. Eosinophilic nuclear inclusions, the significance of which remains unclear, were noted with an increased frequency within the nuclei of the substantia nigra neurons.
Hepatic iron storage concentrations in the inhabitants of Papua New Guinea.
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Pyuria and bacteriuria in patients admitted into a psychiatric hospital.
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Serum folic acid and phenytoin levels in permanently hospitalized epileptic patients receiving anticonvulsant drug therapy.
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Enteropathogen infections and infestations in patients of mental hospitals.
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Yaws, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and cold agglutinins in New Guineans.
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Impaired spermatogenesis and tubular fibrosis in testes of New Guineans: a post-mortem study.
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Myocardial infarction in Papua-New Guinea.
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