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Biomedical subjects

J Kashani

Publications and source records attributed to J Kashani.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Isolated atomoxetine (Strattera) ingestions commonly result in toxicity.

Atomoxetine is a recently approved medication for attention deficit disorder. It is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with an onset of action within 2 h, and a duration of effect up to 40 h in therapeutic doses. Experience in the overdose setting is limited. After brief training in systematic chart review, reviewers blinded to the purpose of the study completed a standardized data collection sheet. Two years after atomoxetine was released, poison center patient encounters were reviewed. Age, outcomes, and signs and symptoms were recorded. All patients were followed until the cessation of symptoms or 24 h. Seventeen cases of isolated atomoxetine were reviewed. The age range of these 6 patients was 9 months to 28 years old with a mean of 15.6 years. The range of amount ingested was 10-1200 mg. The onset of symptoms was delayed as long as 3 h in 3 patients. All neurological symptoms were preceded by tachycardia. Ten of 17 patients had tachycardia, 6/17 had emesis, and 3/17 had agitation that required benzodiazepines to control. All symptoms resolved within 30 h. Supratherapeutic ingestions of atomoxetine can result in transient tachycardia, vomiting, and cognitive disturbances.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Risk factors in childhood that lead to the development of conduct disorder and antisocial personality disorder.

With juvenile crime on the rise, understanding and preventing juvenile delinquency is one of the greatest challenges facing mental health professionals today. Recognizing early signs of conduct disorder (CD) can be difficult, but identifying risk factors is an important step in preventing a child's progression to CD or Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD). This paper focuses on various risk factors for CD and APD, such as intrinsic individual differences, psychosocial/environmental factors, genetic and neurochemical factors. Early recognition and intervention may prevent the progression from aggressive and maladaptive behaviors to CD and later APD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Internal consistency of DSM-III diagnoses using the symptom scales of the Child Assessment Schedule.

Internal consistency of the major diagnostic categories for children was assessed, using the symptom scale scores of the Child Assessment Schedule. Alpha coefficients were calculated for three samples: 116 nonpsychotic psychiatrically disturbed children, 63 children with cystic fibrosis, and 177 children from a community based sample. For the psychiatric sample, a high level of internal consistency was demonstrated for all the symptom scales (i.e., attention deficit, conduct, anxiety, and depression). For the nonpsychiatric samples, the attention deficit and depression scales were reliable, with lower levels of endorsement and more variability observed for the other scales. These results are supportive of the clustering of diagnostic criteria present in DSM-III.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Depression in children and adolescents with malignancy.

This is a prospective and retrospective study of 35 children and adolescents with cancer treated at a pediatric Hematology-Oncology division. Using DSM-III diagnostic criteria for Major Depressive Episode, 17% of the sample were found to be depressed. This study also describes some of the distinguishing characteristics of adults and children with cancer. For example, of particularly note in this study was the apparent nonchalance of younger children diagnosed as having cancer. The children also, however, demonstrated anger more frequently, which is not a common finding in adult patients with cancer.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1980

Specific drug use and violence in delinquent boys.

Delinquent boys who had been committed to a training school were interviewed by a psychiatrist to determine drug abuse status. Crimes that were officially recorded were classified as person offenses or property offenses, and the number of offenses was determined from the juvenile record. Drug scores were given subjects for each of 13 drug categories according to the following scale: 0, no use of drug; 1 to 4 v, varying use frequencies increasing in stepwise fashion but not reaching abuse proportions; 5, use greater than 8 days per month and abuse as defined in DSM III. Subject's number of crimes against persons were correlated with subject's drug scores for each of 13 drug categories. Five drugs had significantly positive correlations: phencyclidine, barbiturates, cocaine, Valium, and amphetamines. Scores for alcohol, LSD, mescaline, volatile substances, codeine, marijuana, heroin, and morphine did not correlate significantly with the number of person offenses in the person offender group. Mean drug scores for 13 drug categories of all subjects who were violent person offenders were compared with drug scores of subjects who were property only offenders. The t tests for independent means revealed that drug scores were significantly higher in the person offending group for five drugs: marijuana, alcohol, cocaine, heroin, and LSD. A high drug score for marijuana was the most predictive of all drug scores for membership in the person offending group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Drug abuse and criminal behavior in delinquent boys committed to a training school.

To determine drug use or drug abuse status according to DSM-III criteria, the authors interviewed 109 delinquent boys who had been committed to a training school. They categorized each boy as an offender against a person or as an offender against property only. They found that person offenders were significantly older, came from larger communities, abused a greater number of drugs, had higher asocial index scores, and had lower full-scale IQ scores than property-only offenders. The IQ score and the number of drugs abused were the most important variables predicting whether a subject belonged to the person offender or property-only offender group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Phencyclidine use in delinquent males committed to a training school.

Delinquent males committed to a training school were interviewed to determine the extent and the effects of phencyclidine use. Nine of 109 (8%) drug using subjects knowingly had used phencyclidine in the past. These nine subjects were multiple drug abusers of other substances and had started taking drugs at an average age of 9.38 years which was significantly younger than non PCP users. Six of the nine PCP users had committed proven offenses against persons and in four cases violent actions were directly attributed to PCP use. Suicide attempts were made by five (55%) of the PCP users which was significantly more frequent than suicide attempts made by non PCP users.

Adolescent↗