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Biomedical subjects

J Kiser

Publications and source records attributed to J Kiser.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Supraventricular tachycardia: catheter ablation therapy in 72 patients.

Radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation for recurrent supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) has been performed at the Charleston Area Medical Center since September 1991. Of the first 72 patients undergoing this procedure, a total of 76 tachycardias were treated and these included 41 accessory pathways, 21 junctionals, and 14 atrial tachycardias (atrial fibrillation, flutter, and intra-atrial reentry tachycardia). RF catheter ablation was successful in 67 of these patients (93%). This procedure is a highly effective treatment modality which should be considered in patients with recurrent symptomatic SVT.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Feasibility of quality of life assessment in a randomized phase III trial of small cell lung cancer--a lesson from the real world--the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research SAKK.

Between 1985 and 1990 the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK) for the first time assessed quality of life (QL) variables in 188 patients in a multicenter small-cell lung cancer trial that compared two different regimens of combination chemotherapy. QL-assessment was scheduled at the beginning of each of the six treatment cycles. The self-rating QL questionnaire included an early version of the EORTC QL questionnaire, a mood adjective checklist (Bf-S) and a single linear analogue scale (LASA) measuring general well-being. Compliance with completion of the scheduled questionnaires varied between 37% and 58% over the six cycles, and between 21% and 68% among the 7 participating institutions. Mean compliance was 49%. The institution was found the only significant factor predicting compliance (p < 0.001). Patient age, sex, education and biological prognostic factors at randomization were not predictors of compliance. Although compliance was poor, the data received was of high quality. We suggest practical guidelines for improving compliance with QL data collection in multicenter clinical trials.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1992

The use of head-up tilt table testing in the evaluation of unexplained syncope.

Head-up tilt table testing was performed in 50 patients for evaluation of syncope. A positive test occurred in 29 patients (58 percent). Of these 29 patients, 15 were categorized as vasovagal; 11 as orthostatic hypotension; and three as chronotropic incompetence. Isoproterenol facilitated the occurrence of a positive test in 13 patients. Medications were used to treat 15 of the 29 patients having a positive test result. Syncope recurred in two patients over a 9 +/- 5 month follow-up period. In patients having unexplained syncope, head-up tilt table testing may provide a diagnosis and can be used to assess therapy. Earlier use of this testing modality in selected patients may obviate more expensive testing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Preventive and therapeutic measures in cytostatic-associated toxicity].

Strategies (both prophylactic and therapeutic) to reduce side effects of chemotherapy are reviewed. In particular, issues concerning proper patient information are discussed which should help to increase patient compliance. Chemotherapy, especially regimens with a curative intent, must normally be administered under the guidance of an oncologist. However, close cooperation with the general practitioner is essential in order to ensure high quality counselling and treatment of the outpatient.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1988

Chloroplast transport of a ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit-5-enolpyruvyl 3-phosphoshikimate synthase chimeric protein requires part of the mature small subunit in addition to the transit peptide.

Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit protein is synthesized in the cytoplasm as a precursor and transported into the chloroplast where the amino-terminal portion, the transit peptide, is removed proteolytically. To obtain chloroplast delivery of the 43-kDa 5-enolpyruvyl 3-phosphoshikimate (EPSP) synthase of Salmonella typhimurium, we constructed fusion proteins between the bacterial EPSP synthase and the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit. A fusion protein consisting of the transit peptide fused to the EPSP synthase was not transported in vitro or in vivo into chloroplasts. A second fusion protein consisting of the transit peptide and 24 amino acids of the mature small subunit fused to the EPSP synthase was transported both in vitro and in vivo into chloroplasts. It was processed into two polypeptides of 46 and 47 kDa, respectively. This heterogeneity in processing was not caused by the presence of the aroA start codon, since its removal resulted in the same pattern. Substituting 24 different amino acids for the 24 amino acids of the mature small subunit resulted in a fusion protein that was not transported into the chloroplast. It was concluded that a portion of the mature small subunit was needed for efficient chloroplast delivery.

3-Phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase↗
PubMed1987

[Metoclopramide, methylprednisolone and flunitrazepam in cytostatic-induced vomiting].

The antiemetic efficacy of a combination of high-dose metoclopramide, methylprednisolone and flunitrazepam was tested in an open pilot study in 30 tumor patients undergoing strongly emetic chemotherapy. 26 of 30 patients (87%) were partially or completely protected from nausea and vomiting. In 11 of 12 patients receiving the strongly emetogenic cytostatic agent cisplatin in a dose of greater than or equal to 50 mg/m2, the gastrointestinal side effects were partially or completely abolished. The antiemetic efficacy of the combination was maintained during subsequent courses of chemotherapy. All patients experienced somnolence after administration of flunitrazepam. Only 2 of 30 patients had a shortlived extrapyramidal reaction. The combination of high-dose metoclopramide, methylprednisolone and flunitrazepam is an effective antiemetic treatment and should be considered as first-line antiemetic treatment in patients receiving strongly emetic cancer chemotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Prevention of cytostatic-related hair loss by hypothermia of a hairy scalp using a cooling cap].

82 patients treated with adriamycin alone or in combination with other cytostatic agents underwent scalp hypothermia by application of a gel cap. The cap ws applied 10 minutes before the injection of the drugs and maintained until 30 minutes after the administration of the chemotherapy. Prevention of hair loss was achieved in 47 patients (57%). The prophylaxis was successful in 16 out of 21 males (76%) compared with 31 out of 61 female patients (p less than 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between patients receiving higher or lower doses of adriamycin or between patients wtih or without liver dysfunction. The tolerance of the gel cap was excellent; only one patient did not tolerate the cap because of anxiety during application.

Alopecia↗