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Biomedical subjects

J Knappe

Publications and source records attributed to J Knappe.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[The effectiveness of a prevention program for cardiovascular diseases].

In 1968 the addresses of all men of the annual courses of birth 1914-1923 of an Erfurt district were registered (n = 2 023). The aim population was according to accident subdivided into an intervention and a control group. The test persons of the intervention group were repeatedly investigated and participated in a preventive programme. Up to the final investigation in 1977 the control group remained absolutely intact. After about 10 years the intervention population had a statistically significantly lower frequency of infarction and a lower proportion of hypertensive values of blood pressure. In the younger five-year age group the total mortality was tendencially lower (not significant!) than in the adequate control group. There are no differences in the mortality from heart and circulatory diseases and in the distribution of other risk factors between intervention and control groups. A positive effect of the preventive programme was to be proved theoretically as well as empirically, though the decrease of the real incidence of infarction which is to be calculated was by far lower than generally was supposed.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Routes of flavodoxin and ferredoxin reduction in Escherichia coli. CoA-acylating pyruvate: flavodoxin and NADPH: flavodoxin oxidoreductases participating in the activation of pyruvate formate-lyase.

Flavodoxin and ferredoxin become reduced in Escherichia coli cells by oxidoreductase reactions which use pyruvate and NADPH as electron donor substrates. The two enzymes, which are minor proteins of this organism, were measured through the reduced flavodoxin-dependent activation of pyruvate formate-lyase. The NADPH-dependent enzyme, obtained homogeneously through Procion-red affinity chromatography, was identified as the flavoprotein 'component R' described previously by Fujii and Huennekens [J. Biol. Chem. 249, 6745-6753 (1974)]. The pyruvate-dependent enzyme was identified as CoA-acetylating pyruvate:flavodoxin (ferredoxin) oxidoreductase. Its catalytic properties in the forward, reverse, and the 14CO2-pyruvate exchange reaction are reported. The dihydro form of flavodoxin was characterized as the particular species involved in the activation of pyruvate formate-lyase. The activation process still occurs with 70% of maximal efficiency when the ratio [NADPH]/([NADP] + [NADPH]) is fixed at the intracellular 'anabolic reduction charge' value of 0.45, in conjunction with the NADPH-dependent enzyme. The [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin, though being readily used as electron acceptor of both oxidoreductases and having a redox potential similar to flavodoxin, proved incompetent in mediating the activation of pyruvate formate-lyase.

Acetyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1981

[Prevention of hypertension of the city borough of Schwedt/Oder--results to date of a regional intervention program].

More than 1,100 women and about 1,400 men, detected as being hypertensives in population screenings for cardiovascular diseases and coronary risk factors on 30-59 year-old females and 30-64-year-old males 1975 and 1976, respectively, in Schwedt - participation rate in both screenings 78 per cent (6,514 females and 7,137 males, respectively) - underwent an intervention programme carried out by all the general practitioners, physicians for industrial medicine and internists, working in the out-patient clinics of the territory. But in 1979 only 500 of these women and approximately 800 of these men were under continuous control. These registration rates after both the screenings as well as after the first follow-up in women 1977, therefore, have to be considered as unsatisfying. That lack in registration is mainly up to the enormous fluctuation of patients - and inhabitants at all-, being a characteristic feature of the population of the newly built town of Schwedt. In order to overcome these effects of migration within the territory and to improve supervision in hypertensives, a new control system regarding the peculiarities of Schwedt was established. In contrary to the failing registration an efficient lowering of blood pressure levels was achieved in those patients cooperating well, revealing normotensive diastolic mean values and systolic mean values, ranging from normotension to the lower borderline pressures. In women who showed a more impressive effect of treatment than men, the effective lowering could be maintained over a 4-year-follow-up period up to now.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Mutants of Escherichia coli K12 with defects in anaerobic pyruvate metabolism.

A strain of Escherichia coli with a mutation in the ana gene was shown to lack acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase. The requirement of this strain for an external oxidant to grow anaerobically on glucose shows that the reduction of acetyl-CoA is the principal means of reoxidation of NADH produced during glycolysis in E. coli. Further mutants derived from the ana strain were shown to be affected in the enzymes involved in the fermentation of pyruvate (pyruvate formate-lyase, phosphotransacetylase, acetate kinase). A gene controlling acetate kinase (ackB) activity has been located at 39 min on the chromosomal map. Evidence is presented that anaerobic nitrite reduction with pyruvate involves at least the dehydrogenase subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.

Acetates↗
PubMed1980

[Average time prognosis of hypertension in qualitatively different treatment protocols].

In 1969 within pilot studies in an Erfurt district altogether 254 patients with definitive hypertension as well as 208 patients with borderline hypertension of the male age groups from 1914 to 1923 were recognized. 135 test persons with definitive hypertension (RR--160/95 Torr) were treated antihypertensively within a clinical and ambulatory preventive programme for 8 years and compared with a control group of the same age (119 males of 45-54 years) concerning the presence of possible complications of hypertension, which was treated with unsatisfactory results. By a strict, permanently normotensive decrease of blood pressure--as pharmacotherapy above all the beta-receptor blocker propranolol alone or in the approved combination therapy with dihydralazine and/or hydrochlorothiazide was used--in connection with suitable measures for the intervention of other individual factors with effect on heart and circulation the risk of complications in definitive hypertension could be reduced. Taking into consideration the own long-term observations the necessity of a possibly early beginning medicamentous, antihypertensive permanent therapy of hypertension is without doubt, in borderline hypertension, however, it still remains actual subject of the discussion.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Borderline hypertension].

As to blood pressure values between 18.66 kPa and 21.14 kPa systolically and/or 11.99 kPa and 12.52 kPa diastolically according to the WHO-definition is spoken of borderline hypertension. In consequence of high rates of prevalence and incidence also in the borderline hypertension a particular preventive-medical interest is present. Own investigations yielded for 50 to 54-year-old males (n = 281) prevalence rates of 29% and for factory populations (n = 6,646 males and females) on an average 20.7%. Parallel to the results in hypertension in borderline hypertension in all age groups higher mean values of the triglycerides and of cholesterol were observed in normotonics. Under hormonal contraception in certain age groups (30--34, 35--39 and 40--49 years) altogether significantly higher systolic and diastolic values of blood pressure were found then in females without oral anticontraceptives. Within a clinical-ambulatory preventive programme performed for 8 years borderline hypertonics did not show any significant differences to the control group concerning the distribution of frequency of essential organ complications and the mortality. According to the present state of knowledge a permanent treatment of the borderline hypertension with substances reducing blood pressure still cannot be justified immediately.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[The correlation of blood pressure, cholesterol and triglyceride concentration with the administration of hormonal contraceptives in women from 2 Erfurt large-scale plants].

Within the framework of medical check-ups of heart and circulatory system 1,296 women at the age from 15 to 49 years were examined in two Erfurt large plants. Women with hormonal contraception in the age groups 30-34, 35-39 and 45-49 showed statistically significantly higher mean values of the systolic blood pressure than women without oral contraception. In the same way the difference of the cholesterol mean value of 15.3 mg/100 ml and 11 mg/100 ml depending on the intake of ovulation inhibitors could be statistically ascertained in women at the age of 20-24 and 30-34 years. Women with hormonal contraception have statistically significantly higher triglyceride mean value in the age group 15-24 and 35-44 years than the women without oral contraception.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Dioxygen and temperature dependence of ubiquinone formation in Escherichia coli: studies of cells charged with 2-octaprenyl phenol.

The multiple aromatic auxotroph Escherichia coli K-12 strain AB 2847 (aroB-) was conditioned for efficient ubiquinone-8 formation. Resting cells readily convert 4-hydroxy[U-14C]benzoate into ubiquinone-8 (60 nmol per g wet weight). Under argon this processing stops at the stage of 2-octaprenyl phenol. Only upon admission of air is the pool of 2-octaprenyl phenol converted to ubiquinone-8. This reaction occurs in the cytoplasmic membrane and is significantly inhibited by cytochrome P-450 inhibitors. The rate for 2-octaprenyl phenol conversion is strongly dependent on temperature. The Arrhenius plot shows inflection points at 32 degrees C and 16 degrees C. Enzymes for ubiquinone-8 synthesis are absent from anaerobically grown E. coli. Processing of 4-hydroxy[U-14C]benzoate by these cells starts only when protein synthesis is permitted under aerobic conditions.

Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System↗
PubMed1977

[Cardiovascular preventive medical check-ups in the large industrial plants of Erfurt. 1. Implementation of the screening phase].

During a medical check-up for the recognition and treatment of patients with diseases of heart and circulation or their early stages and of patients with factors of risk in two large factories of Erfurt altogether 6,646 men and women were examined. The screening was carried out in November 1975 and 1976 in immediate nearness of the working place. The times during which could not be worked were thus reduced to a minimum. Some organisational problems and their solutions in the preparation and performance of the screening phase as well as first results are reported on.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1976

[Therapy of chronic ischemic heart disease and arterial hypertension by means of beta-receptor blockaders].

50 patients with stenocardias in persisting arterial hypertension, of them 33 manifest coronary diseases, were orally treated with doses of propranolol up to 400 mg/die during a longer period. In the majority of the cases a good to very good therapeutic effectivity was to be proved in hypertension as well as in chronic ischaemic heart disease. The own favourable results of the treatment justify the estimation that proporanolol may be regarded as therapeutic remedy of choice in patients with simultaneous hypertension and chronic ischaemic heart disease. Moreover, a collective of 45 patients with different cardiovascular diagnoses under the new selective beta-receptor blocker Bonnecor (practolol) was observed. It is reported on first experiences in the sense of an intermediate information.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Results of the myocardial infarct registers in the German Democratic Republic and their significance for the reduction of early mortality in myocardial infarce].

From preliminary results of the registers of myocardial infarction in the GDR follows that the definitive myocardial infarction (classification of the WHO) occurs in Berlin with an incidence rate of 17 cases per 10,000 inhabitants and annum, in Erfurt 10 and at Pasewalk 11 cases per 10,000 inhabitants and annum. More than three fourths of all cases of myocardial infarction appear outside the hospital. After three months the lethality is 60%, whereby the half of all cases of death appears already in the prehospital phase. More than 8 hours are passing before half of all patients with infarction are admitted into the hospital. The greatest retardation takes place between arrival of the physician and admission into the hospital. In the second place follows the interval onset of the infarction and demand of medical aid. An improvement of the early diagnostics and the transport of the patient as well as an adequate information and collaboration of the patient and his surroundings might contribute to a shortening of the prehospital phase and thus to a decrease of the early mortality in cases of myocardial infarction.

Germany, East↗