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Biomedical subjects

J Korner

Publications and source records attributed to J Korner.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Conservative treatment after first traumatic shoulder dislocation].

Between January 1989 and March 1997, 175 patients with traumatic shoulder dislocation were treated by conservative means (median age 41 years, 39 F, 136 M). In 78 patients (17 F, 61 M) a clinical and radiological follow up (median 50 months, range 6-106) could be obtained. Additionally, a diagnostic ultrasound was carried out in all patients. The recurrence rate in the group younger than 30 years (G < 30; n = 35) was 86%; in the group older than 30 years (G > 30; n = 43) it was 21% (P < 0.05). Persisting neurological deficits were found in 6 patients (8%). According to the Rowe score, 16 patients (46%) of the G < 30 achieved excellent or good results, in the G > 30, 29 patients (67%). In 17% of cases, a glenohumeral arthrosis was diagnosed be radiological means. 18% had radiological signs of a previous fracture of the greater tuberosity. Hill-Sachs lesions were identified in 19% of cases. Rotator cuff tears were diagnosed in 9% by ultrasound. No relationship between the duration of immobilization and the recurrence rate was found (P = 0.95). The recurrence rate following primary shoulder dislocation depends primarily on the patients' age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Injury severity assessment for car occupants in frontal impacts, using disability scaling.

Injury classification and assessment is one of the most important fields of injury prevention. At present, injury assessment focuses primarily on the risk of fatalities, in spite of the fact that most people who are injured survive the trauma. The net result of a fatality-based approach is that safety and vehicle engineers must make decisions with an incomplete, and sometimes misleading, picture of the traffic safety problem. By applying disability scaling reflecting long-term consequences to injury data, the most significant disabling injuries can be identified. The priorities change with the level of disability used in the scaling. In this study, the risk of permanent medical disability due to different injuries was derived and linked to abbreviated injury scale (AIS) values for 24,087 different injured body regions. This material is based on insurance data. To study how the importance of different bodily injuries changes with different severity assessments in a realistic real-world injury distribution, Swedish insurance industry disability scaling was applied to 3066 cases of belted Volvo drivers involved in frontal collisions. Crash severity was included in the study by using equivalent barrier speed (EBS). When lower levels of disability are included, injuries to the neck and the extremities become the most important, while brain and skull injuries become the most prominent at higher levels of disability. The results presented in this article should be regarded as a contribution to the development of a suitable disability scaling method. The results can also be utilized to further injury research and vehicle design aimed at reducing injuries which have the most important long-term disability consequences.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1994

The function and differential sorting of a family of aplysia prohormone processing enzymes.

We have cloned four members of the family of subtilisin-like endoproteases expressed in the bag cell neurons of Aplysia and have demonstrated that two of these enzymes are capable of correctly cleaving the egg-laying hormone precursor. The egg-laying hormone precursor undergoes an ordered series of cleavages, such that different peptides are differentially sorted into distinct secretory vesicles. We have used electron microscopic chemistry to demonstrate that at least one processing enzyme is differentially segregated into a class of secretory vesicles containing the bag cell peptides. The segregation of specific endoproteases, along with specific neuropeptides within a given cell type, may ensure appropriate cleavage and prevent inappropriate cleavage of the polyprotein precursors.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Prohormone processing in Xenopus oocytes: characterization of cleavage signals and cleavage enzymes.

In this study, we characterize the sequences required for the cleavage of prohormones in Xenopus oocytes. We demonstrate that the yeast alpha-factor and the Aplysia egg-laying hormone (ELH) precursors are not cleaved in oocytes following simple pairs of basic residues, such as Lys-Arg, but that the ELH precursor is cleaved following the consensus sequence Arg-Xaa-(Lys/Arg)-Arg. This motif is conserved among precursors that are cleaved in virtually all mammalian cell types. Mutations that generate this sequence in the alpha-factor prohormone also result in efficient processing within oocytes. Cleavage at this consensus sequence may be due to the action of the Xenopus homologues of mammalian furin.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Isolation and functional expression of a mammalian prohormone processing enzyme, murine prohormone convertase 1.

We have combined gene cloning with an assay for prohormone biosynthesis and processing in Xenopus oocytes to identify the genes that encode mammalian prohormone processing enzymes. The coinjection of RNA encoding murine prohormone convertase 1 (mPC1), a mammalian endoprotease, along with proopiomelanocortin RNA into an oocyte results in the appropriate cleavage after paired basic residues in the proopiomelanocortin polyprotein necessary to generate corticotropin. The ability of mPC1 to generate corticotropin, along with the observation that mPC1 is specifically expressed in endocrine and neuronal cells, suggests that the mPC1 gene encodes the endopeptidase responsible for the pathway of proopiomelanocortin cleavage observed in the anterior pituitary.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Isolated rupture of the subscapularis tendon in the overhead athlete - the result of chronical overuse?].

The case of a 27-year-old overhead athlete with chronic shoulder pain because of an isolated subscapularis tear without trauma is described. Arthroscopy has proven to be the appropriate method for detailed visualisation of the injury and facilitates the operative planning. Furthermore, arthroscopy closes the problem of a "diagnostic gap". In the presented case, the results at the two year follow-up are excellent. The authors conclude that an operative approach is also justified in non-traumatic isolated ruptures of the subscapularis muscle.

Adult↗