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Biomedical subjects

J Koval

Publications and source records attributed to J Koval.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Factors associated with increased frequency of HIV-related oral candidiasis.

HIV-related oral candidiasis was investigated in 71 HIV-seropositive patients who received interviews, oral examinations and hematologic investigation. Diagnosis of candidiasis was based on clinical signs and examination of PAS-stained smears. The frequency of candidiasis was 24/71 (34%). The clinical presentations were pseudomembranous 8 (11%), erythematous 14 (20%), angular cheilitis 3 (4%). Twenty-six patients (37%) had candidiasis or were receiving antifungal treatment for recurrent pseudomembranous type. Twelve of 13 (92%) patients with AIDS and 14/58 (24%) without AIDS were affected. Bivariate analyses showed significant associations with AIDS, the use of zidovudine, low T4-count, xerostomia; marital status (sometime married), restricted performance status and age of greater than 35 yr. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of xerostomia was an independent and statistically significant predictor of HIV-related oral candidiasis. T4-count and restricted performance status were the second and third most important predictors.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1978

The immediate effects of intravenous specific nutrients on EEG sleep.

This study examined the immediate influence of intravenous amino acids and glucose on sleep as measured by all-night EEG recording. The study on 9 normal female subjects was of a latin-square design. Slow wave sleep (SWS) was increased by both solutions whilst dream sleep (REM) was decreased by amino acids and increased by glucose. Total sleep time was not affected. Subjective feelings as to restlessness, quality and depth of sleep under the impact of the various solutions were gathered. The work further elucidates the effect of nutrition on sleep and supports certain theories as to the function of the main sleep component.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Early morning migraine. Nocturnal plasma levels of catecholamines, tryptophan, glucose, and free fatty acids and sleep encephalographs.

Nocturnal plasma catecholamine, tryptophan, glucose, and free fatty acid levels have been measured in 19 subjects who regularly awoke from sleep with migraine. All-night polygraphic sleep recordings were also made. 13 subjects were studied on a second occasion allowing within-subject control as well as group comparison. Plasma total catecholamine and specifically plasma-noradrenaline levels were significantly higher in the three hours before the subjects awoke with migraine. No differences were found in plasma tryptophan, glucose, insulin, and free fatty acid levels in the migraine/no-migraine categories. Waking with migraine occurred significantly more often from rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep. There were no other differences in sleep pattern in the migraine/no-migraine categories.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Isocaloric diet changes and electroencephalographic sleep.

Electroencephalographic (E.E.G.) sleep changes were studied in eight young healthy male subjects who were given a normal balanced diet or a high-carbohydrate/low-fat or low-carbohydrate/high-fat isocaloric diet, according to an experimental design. Significantly less slow-wave sleep (S.W.S.) was found after consuming a high-carbohydrate/low-fat diet than after consuming a normal balanced diet or a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet. The latter two diets did not differ in terms of the amounts of S.W.S. Both high-carbohydrate/low-fat and low-carbohydrate/high-fat isocaloric diets, especially the former, were associated with significantly more rapid-eye-movement (R.E.M.) sleep than was the normal balanced diet. These findings emphasise the importance of daily diet for the following night's sleep.

Diet↗