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Biomedical subjects

J Kozák

Publications and source records attributed to J Kozák.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Midface distraction in patients with cleft palate.

Cleft palate patients with a severe maxillary hypoplasia can pose a very challenging problem for the surgeon. Traditional orthodontic surgery methods frequently do not fulfil expectations from the point of view of achieving normal aesthetic proportions of the face. Therefore distraction is nowadays an important technique in the treatment of craniofacial skeletal dysplasias. To treat maxillary hypoplasia, either intraoral midface distractor IMD or rigid external distractor RED can be used. This study presents 16 patients. In five of them, we used the IMD and in 11 of them the RED. In all of the patients we achieved good functional as well as aesthetic results. While using this method, complications were minimal. In this study, we analyse surgical and orthodontic methods as well as the advantages and disadvantages of both surgical methods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Long-term stability of prosthetic treatment of oronasal and oroantral communications.

This five-year prospective study demonstrates prosthetic treatment by multidisciplinary therapy: surgeon, orthodontist, and prosthodontist. 10 patients volunteered for the study (a group of 7 men and 3 women at an average age of 33.2 years). 10 obturators, 49 fixed dentures were inserted to the upper jaw. Based on ADA (American Dental Association) recommendation a special card was prepared containing relevant information on the patients. Clinical assessments were carried out in accordance with the US Public Health Service System. In a 5-year period only 50.0% of restorations were excellent, receiving 100% alpha rating. The marginal ridge contour and adaptation of obturator achieved 60.0% alpha rating. The anatomic form of dental arch was destroyed in 50.0%. The presence of caries was not detected. Six teeth were extracted due to periodontal disease. The general contour of the restoration followed the overall contour of the fixed denture in 95.9%. Plaque accumulation was found in 50%. The colour match of crowns was darker and translucent in 27.7%, but discoloration of removable denture was seen in 30.0%. The three case reports demonstrate the long-term stability of treatment (from alpha to charlie evaluation). Attachment retention, fixed and removable denture with metal base are the first method of choice, due to acceptable long-term stability.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Unusual case of resistant actinomycosis following facial trauma.

A case of actinomycosis is reported which appeared as a complication of a ski-pole injury of the face. A 16-year-old girl was treated for 10 years for resistant actinomycosis. She took long-term antimicrobial therapies, underwent repeated excisions, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, repeated skin grafting, immunological treatment, and free flap transfer. The conservative antibiotic treatment was complicated by mycosis and pseudomembranous colitis. After the defect healed up, satisfactory contour of the face was restored with additional free flap transfer. The patient has also been satisfied with the final aesthetic result. The authors highlight the importance of early diagnosis and proper antimicrobial treatment in combination with surgical excisions of granulation tissue preserving vital structures.

Actinomycosis, Cervicofacial↗
PubMed2003

[Surgical treatment of sequelae of oncologic treatment in the orbital region].

Complications after surgical oncological treatment and irradiation such as impaired growth of the facial skeleton, orbitoethmoid fistulae and others are an important problem for the patient's further fate. For their elimination collaboration of the ophthalmologist and maxillofacial or plastic surgeon is essential as various reconstruction procedures must be used some of which are mentioned in the paper. Some procedures are demonstrated on three patients where osteotomies of the orbit and implantations of bone grafts were performed as well as transplantation of vascularized tissues and skin flaps. In all mentioned patients marked improvement was recorded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[A huge foreign body in the orbit].

The authors present an account on a two-year-old child which while playing pushed the broken end of a pencil into the orbit above the bulbus. With regard to the nature of the object it was extracted by two-stage surgery. The injury did not affect the child's ocular functions.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2000

Relationships between force-feeding and some physiological parameters in geese bred for fatty liver.

The susceptibility of geese of different genotypes and sexes to force-feeding, some plasma biochemical parameters (thyroid hormones, cholesterol, retinoids, total protein and albumin) of force-fed geese, and the relationship between force-feeding, fat storage and the above-mentioned parameters were studied. Sixty (30 male and 30 female) geese of three genotypes (Hungarian, Landes and their crossbred called Babat Hybrid) were divided in two groups at 12 weeks of age. Geese in one group (5 males and 5 females from each genotype) received mixed feeding ad libitum. Birds in the other group were force-fed with maize. After 3 weeks all birds were bled, blood samples were taken, and the above-mentioned plasma parameters were determined. Thyroxine (T4) levels were significantly lower in force-fed (11.6 +/- 3.5 ng/ml) than in control geese (22.7 +/- 4.09 ng/ml). Plasma triiodothyronine (T3) level was also lower in the force-fed than in the control group, but the difference was not significant (1.87 +/- 0.23 ng/ml and 2.11 +/- 0.28 ng/ml, respectively). Plasma total protein (TP, 45.2 +/- 4.5 g/l), albumin (ALB, 16.51 +/- 2.8 g/l), beta-carotene (BC, 3504 +/- 3107 micrograms/l), retinol (ROL, 1160 +/- 505 micrograms/l), retinyl palmitate (RP, 1745 +/- 405 micrograms/l) and total cholesterol (TCh, 4.32 +/- 0.55 mmol/l) levels were elevated in the force-fed group as compared to the control (TP = 36.4 +/- 5.1 g/l, ALB = 15.6 +/- 0.9 g/l, BC = 1657 +/- 1681 micrograms/l, ROL = 687 +/- 375 micrograms/l, RP = 1398 +/- 607 micrograms/l, and TCh = 2.83 +/- 1.98 mmol/l). All differences were significant except those found for albumin and beta-carotene. No significant sex- or genotype-related effects were observed for these parameters.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1999

Our experience with the use of the temporal muscle in facial surgery.

The authors present their experience with the use of the temporal muscle in reconstruction of defects after exenteration of the orbit, palate, filling of the spaces after extirpation of extensive tumours in the infratemporal area and area of the anterior cranial fossa. They operated a total of 25 patients where they used part of the temporal muscle or the whole muscle. None of the operated patients, although two had a ligature of the external carotid artery, developed necrosis or inflammatory complications during incorporation of the transferred muscle. The procedure can be considered a reliable method in the reconstruction of the face and cranial base.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Surgical treatment of ankyloses of the temporomandibular joint in children.

Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint leads in children to serious disorders such as loss of dentition, growth retardation of the lower jaw, facial asymmetry etc. During the period from 1993 till 1997 we treated 12 children incl. eight who had unilateral and four bilateral ankylosis. In six patients, after elimination of the ankylosis, reconstruction of the head was made with a total of nine costochondral grafts. In entire all patients the temporal muscle or a silicone plate was interposed between the skull base and mandible. Postoperative complications were minimal. Surgical treatment, which is only half of the issue of treatment, must be followed by long-term careful rehabilitation. The results which were achieved contributed in a significant way to a more favourable further development of the children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Experience with the treatment of facial gunshot injuries.

Treatment of facial gunshot injuries and their reconstruction is still one of the most serious problems of reconstructive surgery. Our experience comprises treatment of 23 patients with this type of injury. Five patients had primary treatment. In these patients, attention was focused on maintaining the patency of the airways, fixation of bone fragments and soft tissue reconstruction. In secondary reconstructions, principles of craniofacial surgery and microsurgery were applied. The majority of patients needed osteoplasties using classical or vascularized bone grafts. In injuries of the middle part of the face, the orbit, radix nasi and forehead, principles of craniofacial surgery were applied. The greatest problem is deformities after shotgun wound, where reconstructions cell for repeated reconstruction procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Contemporary state of surgical treatment of facial nerve paresis. Preliminary experience with new procedures.

Treatment of paresis of the facial nerve is a serious problem which has advanced greatly during the past three decades. The possibilities of surgical treatment are very extensive--from excisions, implantations of springs and weights, to passive and active supports, muscle transposition, transposition and suture of regional nerves to nervous and muscular transplants. The authors demonstrate their experience with transposition of the temporal muscle and methods of transplants of nervous grafts taken from the sural nerve and in the second stage transplants of a portion of the m. latissimus dorsi or m. serratus ant. in five patients. According to the authors the problem is that patients come for reconstruction operations after long time intervals and sometimes already after several operations. The most suitable surgical procedure must be selected on a strictly individual basis with regard to various mentioned criteria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Occurrence of smoking in a southern Moravian District in comparison with the Prague 8 District].

From the literature ensues that in 1995 we cannot expect that in the Czech Republic the ratio of smoking in the mortality from lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and cardiovascular diseases will decline, as compared with 1990. The prevalence of smoking assessed in an epidemiological study in 1992 in the district of Uherské Hradistĕ was in adults 31% and in ex-smokers 16%. In Prague 8 the prevalence was similar-32% and 17%. Adults aged 21-60 years smoked most frequently (in Uherské Hradistĕ from 21 to 40, in Prague from 41-60 years). Statistically more significant prevalence of smoking was recorded in patients with chronic bronchitis than in those with bronchial asthma in Prague 8 (55% and 32%) and in Uherské Hradistĕ (37% and 15%). Patients with bronchial asthma smoked roughly twice less frequently in Uherské Hradistĕ than in Prague 8 (15% and 32%) and the same applies to chronic bronchitis (37% and 55%). In the district of Uherské Hradistĕ 81% of adults consider smoking a health hazard and 77% consider even passive smoking a health hazard. From this it may be concluded that as regards smoking the population of Uherské Hradistĕ is smarter than in Prague 8 and it may be expected that health education can gain another 12% of adults to quit smoking. In particular health professionals should change their attitude to smoking.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Czech medical faculties and smoking.

At the 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University in Prague the prevalence of smoking was investigated among the faculty, staff, students and among health professionals in the country. We found 38.1% smokers (current and occasional) among malephysicians (N = 625), 25.6% smokers among women physicians (N = 394), 48.7% smoking nurses (N = 729) and 42.3% smokers among paramedical staff (N = 298). We have also followed up smoking habits among our students since 1989 (N = 1235). The number of smokers among them rose from 7% in 1989 to 18% in 1994. Students were also asked about their opinion on smoking as a risk factor for coronary heart disease which has a rising trend. Trying to coordinate the anti-smoking activity at all seven medical faculties in the Czech Republic, in collaboration with the Faculty of Medicine of Masaryk University in Brno, the National Centre for Health Promotion and the Czech Commission of EMASH, present the main points of the anti-smoking strategy at Czech medical faculties.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The management of extensive tumours of the scalp.

Though tumours of the scalp and skull are not very common certain severe and extensive forms are associated frequently with intracranial propagation and therefore their reconstruction represents often a major problem requiring the use of a series of surgical methods. Their treatment requires the use of expanders, local flaps, pedicled cutaneous and musculocutaneous flaps, as well as free flaps. This report deals with 10 patients with localized extensive tumours larger than 120 cm2 within the region of the scalp and skull subjected to various reconstruction procedures. The applied surgical techniques are discussed and attention is devoted also to the involvement of bone in the above mentioned localization as well as to the problems associated with these lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Surgical treatment of jaw deformations in adult patients with clefts.

The authors report their long-term experience with the surgical treatment of malformations of the jaws and of the face associated with clefts in adults. They carried out 172 maxillary surgeries, 65 mandibular operations and 20 bimaxillary surgical procedures. In recent years they performed almost exclusively operations on the upper jaws. The applied surgical procedure allows the repair of malformations of the whole face, and the team of surgeons is not concerned solely with the impaired relations between both jaws.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1994

Our experience with surgical repair of Binder's syndrome.

The authors report their experience with the treatment of 15 patients with Binder's syndrome operated upon during a period of 10 years. The surgical procedure consisted in three patients in an advancement of the nasal septum and an implantation of bone grafts. In 5 individuals were used grafts from the iliac bone and in 7 were implanted bone grafts from the calva. Most satisfactory results were recorded in the last group, in which we failed to disclose any signs of resorption.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Reconstruction of the frontal region with skull bone grafts.

Cranial bone grafts play a steadily increasing role as the dominant material used for reconstruction of defects within the frontal region. Both clinical experience and experiments on animals provided evidence that they showed a much smaller degree of resorption and that their cutting was associated with a markedly lower frequency of complications. Cranial bone grafts were used for the reconstruction of frontal defects in 17 patients. The results assessed six years after surgery disclosed a very slight degree of resorption in the presence of very good functional and cosmetic effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Smoking cessation using nicotine chewing gum in smokers with chronic diseases].

Hundred smokers were admitted for treatment of smokers by means of nicotine chewing gum; they were divided into three groups: smokers without diseases associated with smoking, smokers suffering from bronchitis and smokers suffering from cardiovascular disease. In 1989 the results obtained in 94 patients were evaluated 12 months after the onset of treatment. Four smokers were eliminated. The value of nicotine dependence according to Fagerström was on average 7.6 +/- 1.8 points which is a strong dependence. The majority of smokers smoked 15 to 24 cigarettes per day, one third 25 cigarettes or more per day. Five-months treatment was completed by 70 subjects and after one year, abstinence was recorded in 46, i. e. 48% of those evaluated. Abstinence was verified by the absence of carbon monoxide in the expired air: 3.1 +/- 1.6 ppm CO. In individual groups abstinence was achieved in 42, 42 and 63% resp. No serious side effects of treatment nor abstinence symptoms were detected. They occurred only during the first months of treatment. In the treatment psychological support was emphasized, frequent contact of the patient and therapist and correct chewing of adequate amounts of chewing gum. Treatment of smokers with cardiovascular disease was without complications and without manifestations on the ECG tracing. Patients with chronic bronchitis had after one year's abstinence better FEV1 values in 25%.

Adult↗