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Biomedical subjects

J L Berman

Publications and source records attributed to J L Berman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Optic neuropathy and central nervous system disease secondary to Sjögren's syndrome in a child.

The authors describe a 10-year-old girl in whom optic neuropathy and central nervous system (CNS) disease developed in association with primary Sjögren's syndrome. There was angiographic evidence of cerebral vasculitis and multiple infarcts present on neuroimaging. Results of parotid biopsy, cerebrospinal fluid, and serologic analyses showed abnormalities that were consistent with the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome. Although the patient had optic disc pallor on initial evaluation, her color vision and acuity improved with immunosuppressive therapy, as did her other neurologic symptoms. The authors believe this represents the first reported case of optic neuropathy and CNS disease associated with primary Sjögren's syndrome in the pediatric population. The possibility of improvement in visual function with early institution of immunosuppressive therapy makes prompt diagnosis essential.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1984

Computed and conventional arthrotomography of the glenohumeral joint: normal anatomy and clinical experience.

The glenohumeral joint was studied in 25 cadavers and 136 patients using computed arthrotomography (CAT) and conventional arthrotomography (AT) to assess shoulder instability. Cadaver shoulders were injected with air or latex, sectioned with a band saw, and normal articular anatomy outlined. CAT was performed in 81 patients and characterized the glenoid labrum as normal, abnormal, or detached in 38 of the 44 patients who had surgery or arthroscopy (sensitivity, 96%; accuracy, 86%). Hill-Sachs defects were seen in 20 out of 29 patients with anterior labral abnormalities, while bicipital tendon abnormalities were evident on CAT in 6. Of 55 patients who had AT, the status of the labrum was clarified in 13 of the 16 patients who had surgery or arthroscopy (sensitivity, 86%; accuracy, 81%). Both methods can characterize the labrum; however, CAT is more comprehensive and appears ideal for both detection of Hill-Sachs defects and imaging the bicipital tendon. CAT requires less technical expertise and radiation than AT and is tolerated better by patients in pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Right ventricular diastolic pressure in coronary artery disease.

Right ventricular hemodynamics were evaluated in 179 patients with coronary artery disease to determine the effects of chronic ischemia on right ventricular diastolic pressure. Abnormal right ventricular filling pressures occurred only in patients with an abnormal right ventricular systolic pressure or an abnormal left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. Of the 63 patients whose right ventricle was stressed by an increased systolic load secondary to passive pulmonary hypertension, 44 (72 percent) had an abnormal right ventricular end-diastolic pressure. In this group obstruction of vessels serving the right ventricular free wall or septum, or both, was almost universal (43 of 44, 98 percent) and a significantly increased incidence of inferior infarction (P less than 0.05) was noted. Such obstruction was significantly less frequent in patients with normal filling pressures (10 of 17, 59 percent; P less than 0.001). Compared with patients with coronary artery disease, patients with passive pulmonary hypertension due to aortic stenosis or mitral stenosis had significantly greater degrees of pulmonary hypertension (P less than 0.05) yet slightly lesser elevations of right ventricular end-diastolic pressure. These data suggest that in patients with ischemic heart disease the right ventricle exhibits diastolic dysfunction at lower levels of afterload stress than it would with normal coronary blood flow.

Aortic Valve Stenosis↗
PubMed1978

A multivariate approach for interpreting treadmill exercise tests in coronary artery disease.

To determine the value of a multivariate approach for the analysis of the treadmill exercise tolerance test (ETT), 237 patients referred for evaluation of chest pain who underwent a standard Bruce protocol ETT and coronary arteriography were studied. Predictive value of a positive ETT was 0.78 (43/55) using 1.0--1.9 mm ST segment depression criterion, 0.97 (59/61) using greater than or equal to 2.0 mm ST segment depression. When the 1.0--1.9 mm ST criterion was combined with peak systolic blood pressure-heart rate product (double product) less than or smaller than 23,000, exercise duration less than 6 minutes, and ST depression for greater than 3 minutes into recovery, predictive value improved to 0.89 in 18 patients with any two of the above. Predictive value for multivessel disease was also improved using non-ST criteria. Predictive value of a negative ETT for absence of coronary artery disease was 0.60 (29/48), and was 0.86 (12/14) if double product was greater than or equal to 30,000. Presence of chest pain during ETT did not improve predictive value of any type of test. Digitalis ingestion in 33 patients was not associated with decreased predictive value of a positive test. These data suggest that the predictive value of both positive and negative ETT in a symptomatic population can be improved with a multivariate approach.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1977

Phenylalanine metabolism and intellectual functioning among carriers of phenylketonuria and hyperphenylalaninaemia.

All members of 63 families who had phenylketonuric or hyperphenylalaninaemic offspring received a phenylalanine tolerance test and an individual intelligence test. Parent carriers (heterozygotes, n=115) displayed a significant relationship (canonical correlation R=0.75, P is less than 0.05) between their ability to metabolise phenylalanine and their intellectual strengths and weaknesses. Mothers of hyperphenylalaniaemic children did not show this relationship. The number of carrier children (n=40) was too small for multivariate or sex analysis, but significant bivariate correlations were found for this group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1971

Glutamine in pku.

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Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1971

Phenylketonuria.

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Body Height↗