Biomedical subjects

J L Calkins

Publications and source records attributed to J L Calkins.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1979

Retinal light exposure from operation microscopes.

Several popular surgical microscopes were measured for source radiance. A method has been devised for calculating patient retinal exposure from these instruments. Retinal irradiance is seen to be surprisingly high, assuming dilated pupils and clear media. It ranges from 0.10 to 0.97 W/sq cm. This is one to ten times higher than that produced by an indirect ophthalmoscope. There is evidence linking light exposure during surgery to cystoid maculopathy (Irvine-Gass syndrome).

Humans↗

PubMed1979

Retinal damage from light.

Exposure of a monkey retina to the light from a slit lamp for 40 minutes produced a visible retinal change that disappeared after four weeks. Exposures of 20, ten, and five minutes produced no visible changes. Extensive retinal damage was produced in the macula of the other eye of the monkey by a one-hour exposure to the light from an operation microscope. This damage was almost unchanged one year later. Exposure of the monkey retina from the same operation microscope, for the same length of time, with the blue light filtered out, produced a much smaller lesion that, after one year, could not be seen visibly but was detected with fluorescein angiography.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

Amelanotic small flat lesions of the choroid.

On routine examination, three patients demonstrated yellow-white lesions in the posterior third of the fundus. These lesions have a subtle but unique appearance. They are in the choroid and have definite borders, minimal or no elevation, a lack of secondary changes in the overlying pigment epithelium or neuroepithelium, and no pigment within the lesion or at its borders. Ophthalmoscopic and fluorescein angiographic data permit discussion of the differential diagnosis of these lesions. They may represent amelanotic nevi of the choroid.

Adolescent↗