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Biomedical subjects

J L Callahan

Publications and source records attributed to J L Callahan.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Modification of the Perinatal PTSD Questionnaire to enhance clinical utility.

OBJECTIVE: To enhance the clinical utility of the Perinatal Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Questionnaire (PPQ), the current study sought to refine the measure by changing the item response options from dichotomous choices to a likert scale format. STUDY DESIGN: Using a convergent/divergent validity design and two data sources (traditional survey and World Wide Web), 58 high-risk and 86 low-risk mothers answered four questionnaires. RESULTS: Principal components analysis of items on the modified PPQ revealed three components conceptually similar to the diagnostic criterion associated with PTSD. In addition, convergent and divergent validity of the modified measure was supported. The clinical utility of the modified PPQ was established with a strong positive likelihood ratio. CONCLUSION: The modified PPQ is a useful clinical tool for identifying mothers experiencing significant emotional distress during the postnatal period so they may be referred for mental health services.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Distribution and abundance of larval Coquillettidia perturbans in a Florida freshwater marsh.

All instars of larval Coquillettidia perturbans were found in the same habitats, but early instar larvae were more aggregated than later instars. Larvae were most numerous in areas dominated by arrow-arum (Peltandra virginica) and maidencane (Panicum hemitomon), less so in areas dominated by sedges (Carex spp.) and miscellaneous mixed vegetation, and least abundant in pickerelweed (Pontederia cordata) areas. Larvae were uncommon in open water or in areas dominated by small floating plants such as water fern (Salvinia rotundifolia), duckweekd (Lemna minor) and mosquito fern (Azolla caroliniana). Larval concentrations were greatest in water 35-70 cm deep. There was also a tendency for them to concentrate in areas beyond 25 m from shore. Larvae were log-normally distributed in favorable sites and became progressively more aggregated as sites became less favorable.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Production and maintenance of large numbers of Dugesia tigrina (Turbellaria: Tricladida) for the control of mosquitoes in the field.

Methods to increase and preserve Dugesia tigrina for mosquito control purposes through cocoon production, mechanical sectioning and cold storage were examined. Cocoon production was an ineffective and unreliable means of increasing planarian numbers, with an average of only 0.19 cocoons containing 0.74 young produced per adult per week. In comparison, mechanical sectioning proved to be more appropriate for increasing the number of planaria. One hundred planaria averaging 8 mm in length could be sectioned into 600 segments in approximately 18 min; regeneration was achieved by approximately 94% of these segments, usually within 8 days after sectioning. Techniques were developed to store planaria at 10 degrees C until needed for field release.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Bacterial growth under a transparent dressing.

The frequency of dressing changes for transparent dressings used on central lines is a critical issue in maintenance protocols aimed at prevention of catheter-related sepsis. Organisms migrating from the skin down the catheter have been implicated in causing catheter-related sepsis. Bacterial growth patterns under the transparent dressing are important in establishing protocols of care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Habitat characteristics of Coquillettidia perturbans in central Florida.

Habitat characteristics were examined in two marshes and the littoral zones of two lakes in central Florida to determine their effect on the density and distribution of Coquillettidia perturbans. Larval and water samples were collected and habitat characteristics were recorded at monthly intervals for one year. Several significantly different physicochemical parameters were found between the marshes and lakeshores. Sites with dissolved oxygen less than 1.5 mg/liter (from October through May), pH less than 5.2, total alkalinity less than 6.0 mg CaCO3/liter, and orthophosphate less than 0.25 mg/liter were associated with significantly higher concentrations of Cq. perturbans. Arrow-arum, caric sedge, and maidencane were also associated with higher numbers of Coquillettidia.

Animals↗