Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J L Chabernaud.
In 6 neonates over 7 days of life, comparison of maximum and residual serum concentrations of ceftriaxone after intra-venous or intra-muscular administration showed the bio-equivalence of both ways. In both cases a single daily injection obtained bacterial serum levels on most of the strains responsible for secondary bacterial infections in neonates.
Accidents related to blood transfusion have become rare in neonates, due to the application of very strict rules. The 8 reported cases of post-transfusion hemolysis occurred in prematures less than 32 weeks gestational age. Signs consisted of hemoglobinuria and/or severe jaundice. In some patients exchange-transfusion had to be performed. Immuno-hematologic, bacteriologic and technical investigations did not show the etiology of these accidents. No similar clinical reports were found in the literature. Some authors suggest a mechanical origin.
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Pediatric emergency medical service is available since 1976 in France. Presently, 4 such services are available in the Paris area for neonatal and pediatric emergencies. Coordination of these services was established in 1980, to establish a close collaboration between the various medical teams by linking them in a synergic way. This resulted, in 1985, in 6,740 transports of children, 83% of which in an emergency. Neonatal pathology accounted for 70% of the transports and 53% of transported children required assisted ventilation. The importance of these pediatric emergency services, their specificity and their level of technicality suggest that they contributed to the decrease of the pediatric and neonatal morbidity and mortality recorded in the past decade.